The politics of Mexico function within a framework of a federal presidential representative democratic republic whose government is based on a multi-party congressional system, where the President of Mexico is both head of state and head of government. The federal government represents the United Mexican States and is divided into three branches: executive, legislative and judicial, as established by the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, published in 1917. The constituent states of the federation must also have a republican form of government based on a congressional system as established by their respective constitutions.
The Party of the Democratic Revolution is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico. The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.
The Congress of the Union, formally known as the General Congress of the United Mexican States, is the legislature of the federal government of Mexico. It consists of two chambers: the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies. Its 628 members meet in Mexico City.
The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the Congress of the Union, the bicameral parliament of Mexico. The other chamber is the Senate. The structure and responsibilities of both chambers of Congress are defined in Articles 50 to 70 of the constitution.
The Senate of the Republic, constitutionally Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union, is the upper house of Mexico's bicameral Congress. It currently consists of 128 members, who serve six-year terms.
The Labor Party is a political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.
The LX Legislature of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
Lorena Cuéllar Cisneros is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) who serves as the Governor of Tlaxcala. Formerly she served as a member of the Labor Party (PT) as a federal deputy in the LXIV Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Tlaxcala's third district; she had previously been a senator for Tlaxcala and mayor of the state capital, Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl.
Adán Augusto López Hernández is a Mexican politician, lawyer and notary public who served as governor of Tabasco from January 2019 until August 2021, date on which he was appointed Secretary of the Interior by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador. López Hernández is a founding member of the political party MORENA and has formerly held office as senator and congressman in the Tabasco State Congress (2007-2009), the LXI Legislature of the Federal Chamber of Deputies (2009-2012) and the Senate in its LXIV Legislature (2012-2018).
Héctor Yunes Landa is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. From 2012 to 2016, he represented Veracruz as a senator in the LXII and LXIII Legislatures of the Mexican Congress. He also served as Deputy from 1985 to 1988 in the LIII Legislature.
The LXIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 63rd session of the Congress of Mexico, was made up of senators and deputies that are members of their respective chambers. It convened on September 1, 2015, and concluded on August 31, 2018. It was succeeded by the LXIV Legislature in 2018.
Lucía Virginia Meza Guzmán is a Mexican politician and senator to the LXIV Legislature of the Mexican Congress from the state of Morelos. She had previously served as a federal deputy in the LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress. Meza Guzmán is affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).
Ángel García Yáñez is a Mexican politician affiliated at different times to the New Alliance Party and to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as a senator in the 64th and 65th legislatures (2018–2024) from the state of Morelos. From 2015 to 2018, he represented the fifth federal electoral district of Morelos, centered on Yautepec, in the Chamber of Deputies during the 63rd legislature.
The LXIV Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 64th session of the Congress of Mexico, convened on 1 September 2018 and ended on 31 August 2021. It was composed of the 500 federal deputies and 128 senators elected in the 2018 Mexican general election. While the deputies served only in the 64th Congress, the senators, elected to six-year terms, also formed the Senate in the 65th Congress, which convened in 2021.
The LXV Legislature of the Congress of the Union was a meeting of the legislative branch of Mexico, composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. It convened on 1 September 2021, and ended on 31 August 2024, during the final three years of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador's presidency.
The LXVI Legislature of the Congress of the Union is the current session of the legislative branch of Mexico, composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. It convened on 1 September 2024, and will end on 31 August 2027, covering the final month of Andrés Manuel López Obrador's term in office and the first three years of Claudia Sheinbaum's presidency.
Elections to the Senate of Mexico were held on 2 June 2024 as part of the 2024 general election, with all 128 Senate seats up for election. The winners will be elected for six-year terms to serve in the 66th and 67th Congresses. Those elected for the first time will be eligible for re-election in the 2030 general election.
Araceli Saucedo Reyes is a Mexican politician who has served in both chambers of Congress. Previously affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), she joined the ranks of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) in the Senate on 28 August 2024.
José Sabino Herrera Dagdug is a Mexican politician from the state of Tabasco. Previously affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), as a senator-elect for his home state he joined the ranks of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) on 28 August 2024.
