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Daniel Defoe was an English trader, writer, journalist, pamphleteer and spy. He is most famous for his novel Robinson Crusoe, published in 1719, which is claimed to be second only to the Bible in its number of translations. He has been seen as one of the earliest proponents of the English novel, and helped to popularise the form in Britain with others such as Aphra Behn and Samuel Richardson. Defoe wrote many political tracts and was often in trouble with the authorities, and spent a period in prison. Intellectuals and political leaders paid attention to his fresh ideas and sometimes consulted with him.
Robinson Crusoe is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published on 25 April 1719. The first edition credited the work's protagonist Robinson Crusoe as its author, leading many readers to believe he was a real person and the book a travelogue of true incidents.
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Charles Gildon, was an English hack writer who was, by turns, a translator, biographer, essayist, playwright, poet, author of fictional letters, fabulist, short story author, and critic. He provided the source for many lives of Restoration figures, although he appears to have propagated or invented numerous errors with them. He is remembered best as a target of Alexander Pope's in both Dunciad and the Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot and an enemy of Jonathan Swift's. Gildon's biographies are, in many cases, the only biographies available, but they have nearly without exception been shown to have wholesale invention in them. Because of Pope's caricature of Gildon, but also because of the sheer volume and rapidity of his writings, Gildon has come to stand as the epitome of the hired pen and the literary opportunist.
References
- ↑ Clyve Jones (15 July 2010). Pillar of the Constitution: The House of Lords in British Politics, 1640-1784. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-8264-2746-5.
- ↑ Maximillian E. Novak (2003). Daniel Defoe: Master of Fictions: His Life and Ideas. Oxford University Press. p. 537. ISBN 978-0-19-926154-3.
- ↑ Maximillian E. Novak (2003). Daniel Defoe: Master of Fictions : His Life and Ideas. Oxford University Press. p. 554. ISBN 978-0-19-926154-3.
- ↑ Parkes, Joseph (1832). The Prerogative of Creating Peers. James Ridgway. p. 58.
- ↑ Poem Hunter: Biography of Colley Cibber. Accessed 10 February 2013.
- ↑
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Cousin, John William (1910). "Garth, Sir Samuel". A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature . London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via Wikisource. - ↑ Anne Commire (12 December 2000). Women in World History. Gale. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-7876-4069-9.
- ↑ Joseph Addison (1806). Cato; a Tragedy, in Five Acts... With Remarks by Mrs. Inchbald. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, Paternoster-row. pp. 8.
- ↑ McDowell, Paula. "Elinor James" in Matthew, H.C.G. and Brian Harrison, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. vol. 29, 693-604. London: Oxford UP, 2004. p. 693.
