April 23

<<	April					>>
Su	Mo	Tu	We	Th	Fr	Sa
	01	02	03	04	05	06
07	08	09	10	11	12	13
14	15	16	17	18	19	20
21	22	23	24	25	26	27
28	29	30
2024

April 23 in recent years

2024 (Tuesday)

2023 (Sunday)

2022 (Saturday)

2021 (Friday)

2020 (Thursday)

2019 (Tuesday)

2018 (Monday)

2017 (Sunday)

2016 (Saturday)

2015 (Thursday)

April 23 is the 113th day of the year(114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar ; 252 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

• 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.
• 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southern Mexico, defeating queen Yohl Ik'nal and sacking the city.
• 711 – Dagobert III succeeds his father King Childebert III as King of the Franks.
• 1014 – Battle of Clontarf: High King of Ireland Brian Boru defeats Viking invaders, but is killed in battle.
• 1016 – Edmund Ironside succeeds his father Æthelred the Unready as King of England. ^[1]
• 1343 – St. George's Night Uprising commences in the Duchy of Estonia.
• 1348 – The founding of the Order of the Garter by King Edward III is announced on St. George's Day.
• 1500 – Portuguese explorer Pedro Alvarez Cabral reaches new coastline (Brazil). ^[2]
• 1516 – The Munich Reinheitsgebot (regarding the ingredients of beer) takes effect in all of Bavaria.
• 1521 – Battle of Villalar: King Charles I of Spain defeats the Comuneros.

1601–1900

• 1635 – The first public school in the United States, the Boston Latin School, is founded.
• 1655 – The Siege of Santo Domingo begins during the Anglo-Spanish War, and fails seven days later.
• 1660 – Treaty of Oliva is established between Sweden and Poland.
• 1661 – King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westminster Abbey. ^[3]
• 1724 – Johann Sebastian Bach leads the first performance of his cantata Du Hirte Israel, höre, BWV 104, illustrating the topic of the Good Shepherd in pastoral music. ^[4]
• 1815 – The Second Serbian Uprising: A second phase of the national revolution of the Serbs against the Ottoman Empire, erupts shortly after the annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire.
• 1879 – Fire burns down the second main building and dome of the University of Notre Dame, which prompts the construction of the third, and current, Main Building with its golden dome.
• 1891 – Chilean Civil War: The ironclad Blanco Encalada is sunk at Caldera Bay by torpedo boats. ^{[5] [6]}

1901–present

• 1918 – World War I: The British Royal Navy makes a raid in an attempt to neutralise the Belgian port of Bruges-Zeebrugge.
• 1919 – The Estonian Constituent Assembly is held in Estonia, which marks the birth of the Estonian Parliament, the Riigikogu . ^[7]
• 1920 – The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) is founded in Ankara. The assembly denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces the preparation of a temporary constitution.
• 1927 – Cardiff City defeat Arsenal in the FA Cup Final, the only time it has been won by a team not based in England.
• 1935 – The Polish Constitution of 1935 is adopted.
• 1940 – The Rhythm Club fire at a dance hall in Natchez, Mississippi, kills 198 people.
• 1941 – World War II: The Greek government and King George II evacuate Athens before the invading Wehrmacht.
• 1942 – World War II: Baedeker Blitz: German bombers hit Exeter, Bath and York in retaliation for the British raid on Lübeck.
• 1945 – World War II: Adolf Hitler's designated successor, Hermann Göring, sends him a telegram asking permission to take leadership of Nazi Germany. Martin Bormann and Joseph Goebbels advise Göring that the telegram is treasonous.
• 1946 – Manuel Roxas is elected the last President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
• 1949 – Chinese Civil War: Establishment of the People's Liberation Army Navy.
• 1951 – Cold War: American journalist William N. Oatis is arrested for espionage by the Communist government of Czechoslovakia.
• 1961 – Algiers putsch by French generals.
• 1966 – Aeroflot Flight 2723 crashes into the Caspian Sea off the Absheron Peninsula, killing 33 people. ^[8]
• 1967 – Soviet space program: Soyuz 1 (Russian: Союз 1, Union 1) a crewed spaceflight carrying cosmonaut Colonel Vladimir Komarov is launched into orbit.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: Student protesters at Columbia University in New York City take over administration buildings and shut down the university.
• 1971 – Bangladesh Liberation War: The Pakistan Army and Razakars massacre approximately 3,000 Hindu emigrants in the Jathibhanga area of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
• 1979 – SAETA Flight 011 crashes in Pastaza Province, Ecuador, killing all 57 people on board. The wreckage was not discovered until 1984. ^[9]
• 1979 – Blair Peach, a British activist, was fatally injured after being knocked unconscious during an Anti-Nazi League demonstration against a National Front election meeting in Southall, London. ^[10]
• 1985 – Coca-Cola changes its formula and releases New Coke. The response is overwhelmingly negative, and the original formula is back on the market in less than three months.
• 1990 – Namibia becomes the 160th member of the United Nations and the 50th member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
• 1993 – Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations-monitored referendum.
• 1993 – Sri Lankan politician Lalith Athulathmudali is assassinated while addressing a gathering, approximately four weeks ahead of the Provincial Council elections for the Western Province.
• 1999 – NATO bombs the headquarters of Radio Television of Serbia, as part of their aerial campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
• 2005 – The first YouTube video, titled "Me at the zoo", was published by co-founder Jawed Karim. ^[11]
• 2013 – At least 111 people are killed and 233 injured as violence breaks out in Hawija, Iraq. ^[12]
• 2018 – A vehicle-ramming attack kills 11 people and injures 15 in Toronto. A 25-year-old suspect, Alek Minassian, is arrested. ^[13]
• 2019 – The April 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse in Myanmar kills four miners and two rescuers, with at least 50 others missing and presumed dead. ^[14]
• 2024 – The 2024 Lumut mid-air collision in Malaysia kills 10 people while rehearsing for the 90th anniversary of the Royal Malaysian Navy. ^{[15] [16]}

Births

Pre-1600

• 1141 (probable) ^[17] – Malcolm IV of Scotland (d. 1165)
• 1185 – Afonso II of Portugal (d. 1223) ^[18]
• 1408 – John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (d. 1462) ^[19]
• 1420 – George of Poděbrady, King of Bohemia (d. 1471)
• 1464 – Joan of France, Duchess of Berry (d. 1505)
• 1464 – Robert Fayrfax, English Renaissance composer (d. 1521)
• 1484 – Julius Caesar Scaliger, Italian physician and scholar (d. 1558)
• 1500 – Alexander Ales, Scottish theologian and academic (d. 1565)
• 1500 – Johann Stumpf, Swiss writer (d. 1576)
• 1512 – Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, Chancellor of the University of Oxford (d. 1580)
• 1516 – Georg Fabricius, German poet, historian, and archaeologist (d. 1571)
• 1564 – William Shakespeare, English playwright and poet (d. 1616) ^[20]
• 1598 – Maarten Tromp, Dutch admiral (d. 1653)

1601–1900

• 1621 – William Penn, English admiral and politician (d. 1670)
• 1628 – Johannes Hudde, Dutch mathematician and politician (d. 1704)
• 1661 – Issachar Berend Lehmann, German-Jewish banker, merchant and diplomat (d. 1730)
• 1715 – Johann Friedrich Doles, German composer and conductor (d. 1797)
• 1720 – Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi and author (d. 1797)
• 1744 – Princess Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (d. 1770)
• 1748 – Félix Vicq-d'Azyr, French physician and anatomist (d. 1794)
• 1791 – James Buchanan, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 15th President of the United States (d. 1868)
• 1792 – Thomas Romney Robinson, Irish astronomer and physicist (d. 1882)
• 1794 – Wei Yuan, Chinese scholar and author (d. 1856)
• 1805 – Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz, German philosopher and academic (d. 1879)
• 1812 – Frederick Whitaker, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1891)
• 1813 – Stephen A. Douglas, American educator and politician, 7th Illinois Secretary of State (d. 1861)
• 1813 – Frédéric Ozanam, Italian-French historian and scholar (d. 1853)
• 1818 – James Anthony Froude, English historian, novelist, biographer and editor (d. 1894)
• 1819 – Edward Stafford, Scottish-New Zealand educator and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1901)
• 1853 – Winthrop M. Crane, American businessman and politician, 40th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1920)
• 1856 – Granville Woods, American inventor and engineer (d. 1910)
• 1857 – Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (d. 1919)
• 1858 – Max Planck, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
• 1860 – Justinian Oxenham, Australian public servant (d. 1932)
• 1861 – Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, English field marshal and diplomat, British High Commissioner in Egypt (d. 1936)
• 1861 – John Peltz, American baseball player and manager (d. 1906)
• 1865 – Ali-Agha Shikhlinski, Russian-Azerbaijani general (d. 1943)
• 1867 – Johannes Fibiger, Danish physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
• 1876 – Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, German historian and author (d. 1925)
• 1880 – Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1942)
• 1882 – Albert Coates, English composer and conductor (d. 1953)
• 1888 – Georges Vanier, Canadian general and politician, 19th Governor General of Canada (d. 1967)
• 1889 – Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (d. 1942)
• 1893 – Frank Borzage, American actor and director (d. 1952)
• 1895 – Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand author and director (d. 1982) ^[21]
• 1897 – Folke Jansson, Swedish athlete (d. 1965)
• 1897 – Lester B. Pearson, Canadian historian and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Canada, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)
• 1898 – Lucius D. Clay, American general (d. 1978)
• 1899 – Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Minoru Shirota, Japanese physician and microbiologist, invented Yakult (d. 1982)
• 1900 – Jim Bottomley, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1959) ^[22]
• 1900 – Joseph Green, Polish-American actor and director (d. 1996)

1901–present

• 1901 – E. B. Ford, English biologist and geneticist (d. 1988)
• 1902 – Halldór Laxness, Icelandic author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
• 1903 – Guy Simonds, English-Canadian general (d. 1974)
• 1904 – Clifford Bricker, Canadian long-distance runner (d. 1980)
• 1904 – Louis Muhlstock, Polish-Canadian painter (d. 2001)
• 1904 – Duncan Renaldo, American actor (d. 1985)
• 1907 – Lee Miller, American model and photographer (d. 1977)
• 1907 – Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor, designed the Wotruba Church (d. 1975)
• 1908 – Myron Waldman, American animator and director (d. 2006)
• 1910 – Sheila Scott Macintyre, Scottish mathematician (d. 1960) ^[23]
• 1910 – Simone Simon, French actress (d. 2005) ^[24]
• 1911 – Ronald Neame, English-American director, cinematographer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
• 1913 – Diosa Costello, Puerto Rican-American entertainer, producer, and club owner (d. 2013)
• 1915 – Arnold Alexander Hall, English engineer, academic, and businessman (d. 2000)
• 1916 – Ivo Lola Ribar, Yugoslav communist politician, military leader, and People's Hero of Yugoslavia (d. 1943) ^[25]
• 1916 – Yiannis Moralis, Greek painter and educator (d. 2009)
• 1916 – Sinah Estelle Kelley, American chemist (d. 1982)
• 1917 – Dorian Leigh, American model (d. 2008)
• 1917 – Tony Lupien, American baseball player and coach (d. 2004)
• 1918 – Maurice Druon, French author and screenwriter (d. 2009) ^[26]
• 1919 – Oleg Penkovsky, Russian colonel (d. 1963)
• 1920 – Eric Grant Yarrow, 3rd Baronet, English businessman (d. 2018)
• 1921 – Judy Agnew, Second Lady of the United States (d. 2012) ^[27]
• 1921 – Cleto Bellucci, Italian archbishop (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Janet Blair, American actress and singer (d. 2007)
• 1921 – Warren Spahn, American baseball player and coach (d. 2003)
• 1923 – Dolph Briscoe, American lieutenant and politician, 41st Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
• 1923 – Avram Davidson, American soldier and author (d. 1993)
• 1924 – Chuck Harmon, American baseball player and scout (d. 2019)
• 1924 – Bobby Rosengarden, American drummer and bandleader (d. 2007)
• 1926 – J.P. Donleavy, American-Irish novelist and playwright (d. 2017)
• 1926 – Rifaat el-Mahgoub, Egyptian politician (d. 1990)
• 1928 – Shirley Temple, American actress, singer, dancer, and diplomat (d. 2014) ^[28]
• 1929 – George Steiner, French-American philosopher, author, and critic (d. 2020) ^[29]
• 1932 – Halston, American fashion designer (d. 1990)
• 1932 – Jim Fixx, American runner and author (d. 1984)
• 1933 – Annie Easley, American computer scientist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 2011)
• 1934 – George Canseco, Filipino composer and producer (d. 2004)
• 1936 – Roy Orbison, American singer-songwriter (d. 1988)
• 1937 – Victoria Glendinning, English author and critic
• 1937 – David Mills, English cricketer (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Barry Shepherd, Australian cricketer (d. 2001)
• 1939 – Jorge Fons, Mexican director and screenwriter (d. 2022)
• 1939 – Bill Hagerty, English journalist
• 1939 – Lee Majors, American actor
• 1939 – Ray Peterson, American pop singer (d. 2005)
• 1940 – Michael Copps, American academic and politician
• 1940 – Dale Houston, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
• 1940 – Michael Kadosh, Israeli footballer and manager (d. 2014)
• 1941 – Jacqueline Boyer, French singer and actress
• 1941 – Arie den Hartog, Dutch road bicycle racer (d. 2018)
• 1941 – Paavo Lipponen, Finnish journalist and politician, 38th Prime Minister of Finland
• 1941 – Michael Lynne, American film producer, co-founded New Line Cinema (d. 2019)
• 1941 – Ed Stewart, English radio and television host (d. 2016)
• 1941 – Ray Tomlinson, American computer programmer and engineer (d. 2016)
• 1942 – Sandra Dee, American model and actress (d. 2005)
• 1943 – Gail Goodrich, American basketball player and coach
• 1943 – Tony Esposito, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2021)
• 1943 – Frans Koppelaar, Dutch painter
• 1943 – Hervé Villechaize, French actor (d. 1993)
• 1944 – Jean-François Stévenin, French actor and director (d. 2021)
• 1946 – Blair Brown, American actress
• 1946 – Carlton Sherwood, American soldier and journalist (d. 2014)
• 1947 – Robert Burgess, English sociologist and academic (d. 2022)
• 1947 – Glenn Cornick, English bass player (d. 2014)
• 1947 – Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, Irish civil rights leader and politician
• 1948 – Pascal Quignard, French author and screenwriter
• 1948 – Serge Thériault, Canadian actor
• 1949 – Paul Collier, English economist and academic
• 1949 – David Cross, English violinist
• 1949 – John Miles, British rock singer, songwriter, and guitarist (d. 2021)
• 1950 – Rowley Leigh, English chef and journalist
• 1950 – Barbara McIlvaine Smith, Sac and Fox Nation Native American politician
• 1951 – Martin Bayerle, American treasure hunter
• 1952 – Narada Michael Walden, American singer-songwriter, drummer, and producer
• 1953 – James Russo, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1954 – Stephen Dalton, English air marshal
• 1954 – Michael Moore, American director, producer, and activist
• 1955 – Judy Davis, Australian actress
• 1955 – Tony Miles, English chess player (d. 2001)
• 1955 – Urmas Ott, Estonian journalist and author (d. 2008)
• 1957 – Neville Brody, English graphic designer, typographer, and art director
• 1957 – Jan Hooks, American actress and comedian (d. 2014)
• 1958 – Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson, Icelandic composer and producer
• 1958 – Ryan Walter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1959 – Unity Dow, Botswanan judge, author, and rights activist ^[30]
• 1960 – Valerie Bertinelli, American actress
• 1960 – Steve Clark, English guitarist and songwriter (d. 1991)
• 1960 – Barry Douglas, Irish pianist and conductor
• 1960 – Léo Jaime, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1960 – Claude Julien, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1961 – George Lopez, American comedian, actor, and talk show host
• 1961 – Pierluigi Martini, Italian race car driver
• 1962 – John Hannah, Scottish actor and producer
• 1962 – Shaun Spiers, English businessman and politician
• 1963 – Paul Belmondo, French race car driver
• 1963 – Robby Naish, American windsurfer
• 1964 – Gianandrea Noseda, Italian pianist and conductor
• 1965 – Leni Robredo, Filipina human rights lawyer, 14th Vice President of the Philippines
• 1966 – Jörg Deisinger, German bass player
• 1966 – Matt Freeman, American bass player
• 1966 – Lembit Oll, Estonian chess Grandmaster (d. 1999)
• 1967 – Rhéal Cormier, Canadian baseball player (d. 2021)
• 1967 – Melina Kanakaredes, American actress
• 1968 – Bas Haring, Dutch philosopher, writer, television presenter and professor.
• 1968 – Ken McRae, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1968 – Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist, Oklahoma City bombing co-perpetrator (d. 2001)
• 1969 – Martín López-Zubero, American-Spanish swimmer and coach
• 1969 – Yelena Shushunova, Russian gymnast (d. 2018)
• 1970 – Egemen Bağış, Turkish politician, 1st Minister of European Union Affairs
• 1970 – Dennis Culp, American singer-songwriter and trombonist
• 1970 – Andrew Gee, Australian rugby league player and manager
• 1970 – Hans Välimäki, Finnish chef and author
• 1970 – Tayfur Havutçu, Turkish international footballer and manager
• 1971 – Uli Herzner, German-American fashion designer
• 1972 – Pierre Labrie, Canadian poet and playwright
• 1972 – Peter Dench, English photographer and journalist
• 1972 – Amira Medunjanin, Bosnian singer
• 1973 – Patrick Poulin, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1974 – Carlos Dengler, American bass player
• 1974 – Michael Kerr, New Zealand-German rugby player
• 1975 – Bobby Shaw, American football player
• 1976 – Gabriel Damon, American actor ^[31]
• 1976 – Aaron Dessner, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
• 1977 – John Cena, American professional wrestler and actor
• 1977 – Andruw Jones, Curaçaoan baseball player ^[32]
• 1977 – David Kidwell, New Zealand rugby league player and coach
• 1977 – Willie Mitchell, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – John Oliver, English comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1977 – Kal Penn, Indian-American actor
• 1977 – Bram Schmitz, Dutch cyclist
• 1977 – Lee Young-pyo, South Korean international footballer ^[33]
• 1978 – Gezahegne Abera, Ethiopian runner
• 1979 – Barry Hawkins, English snooker player
• 1979 – Jaime King, American actress and model
• 1979 – Joanna Krupa, Polish-American model and television personality
• 1979 – Samppa Lajunen, Finnish skier
• 1980 – Nicole den Dulk, Dutch Paralympic equestrian ^[34]
• 1982 – Kyle Beckerman, American footballer ^[35]
• 1982 – Tony Sunshine, American singer-songwriter
• 1983 – Leon Andreasen, Danish international footballer ^[36]
• 1983 – Daniela Hantuchová, Slovak tennis player
• 1983 – Ian Henderson, English rugby league player
• 1984 – Alexandra Kosteniuk, Russian chess player
• 1984 – Moose, American professional wrestler and football player ^[37]
• 1984 – Jesse Lee Soffer, American actor
• 1985 – Angel Locsin, Filipino actress, producer, and fashion designer
• 1986 – Sven Kramer, Dutch speed skater
• 1986 – Alysia Montaño, American runner
• 1986 – Rafael Fernandes, Brazilian baseball player
• 1987 – Michael Arroyo, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1987 – John Boye, Ghanaian footballer
• 1987 – Emily Fox, American basketball player
• 1988 – Victor Anichebe, Nigerian footballer
• 1988 – Sandra Borch, Norwegian politician ^[38]
• 1988 – Alistair Brownlee, English triathlete
• 1988 – Signe Ronka, Canadian figure skater
• 1988 – Lenka Wienerová, Slovak tennis player
• 1989 – Nicole Vaidišová, Czech tennis player
• 1990 – Rui Fonte, Portuguese footballer ^[39]
• 1990 – Dev Patel, English actor
• 1991 – Britt Baker, American professional wrestler ^[40]
• 1991 – Nathan Baker, English footballer
• 1991 – Caleb Johnson, American singer-songwriter
• 1991 – Paul Vaughan, Australian-Italian rugby league player
• 1994 – Patrick Olsen, Danish footballer
• 1994 – Song Kang, South Korean actor
• 1995 – Gigi Hadid, American fashion model and television personality
• 1995 – Jamie Hayter, English professional wrestler ^[41]
• 1996 – Carolina Alves, Brazilian tennis player ^[42]
• 1997 – Zach Apple, American swimmer ^[43]
• 1999 – Son Chaeyoung, South Korean rapper and singer-songwriter ^[44]
• 2000 – Chloe Kim, American snowboarder ^[45]
• 2000 – Lee Jeno, South Korean rapper, vocalist and dancer ^[46]
• 2018 – Prince Louis of Wales

Deaths

Pre-1600

• AD 303 – Saint George, Roman soldier and martyr ^[47]
• 711 – Childebert III, Frankish king (b. 670)
• 725 – Wihtred of Kent ^[48]
• 871 – Æthelred of Wessex (b. 837)
• 915 – Yang Shihou, Chinese general
• 944 – Wichmann the Elder, Saxon nobleman
• 990 – Ekkehard II, Swiss monk and abbot ^[49]
• 997 – Adalbert of Prague, Czech bishop, missionary, and saint (b. 956)
• 1014 – Brian Boru, Irish king (b. 941)
• 1014 – Domnall mac Eimín, Mormaer of Mar
• 1016 – Æthelred the Unready, English son of Edgar the Peaceful (b. 968)
• 1124 – Alexander I of Scotland (b. 1078)
• 1151 – Adeliza of Louvain (b. 1103)
• 1170 – Minamoto no Tametomo, Japanese samurai (b. 1139)
• 1196 – Béla III of Hungary (b. c. 1148)
• 1200 – Zhu Xi, Chinese philosopher (b. 1130)
• 1217 – Inge II of Norway (b. 1185)
• 1262 – Aegidius of Assisi, companion of Saint Francis of Assisi
• 1307 – Joan of Acre (b. 1272)
• 1400 – Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford, English politician and nobleman (b. c. 1338)
• 1407 – Olivier de Clisson, French soldier (b. 1326)
• 1501 – Domenico della Rovere, Catholic cardinal (b. 1442)
• 1554 – Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (b. 1523)

1601–1900

• 1605 – Boris Godunov, Russian ruler (b. 1551)
• 1616 – William Shakespeare, English playwright and poet (b. 1564) ^[50]
• 1616 – Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish writer and historian (b. 1539) ^[51]
• 1625 – Maurice, Prince of Orange (b. 1567)
• 1695 – Henry Vaughan, Welsh poet and author (b. 1621)
• 1702 – Margaret Fell, English religious leader, founded the Religious Society of Friends (b. 1614)
• 1781 – James Abercrombie, Scottish general and politician (b. 1706)
• 1784 – Solomon I of Imereti (b. 1735)
• 1792 – Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, German theologian and author (b. 1741)
• 1794 – Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, French lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
• 1827 – Georgios Karaiskakis, Greek general (b. 1780)
• 1839 – Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin, French admiral and explorer (b. 1768)
• 1850 – William Wordsworth, English poet and author (b. 1770)
• 1865 – Silas Soule, American soldier and whistleblower of the Sand Creek Massacre (b. 1838) ^[52]
• 1889 – Jules Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly, French author and critic (b. 1808)
• 1895 – Carl Ludwig, German physician and physiologist (b. 1815)

1901–present

• 1905 – Gédéon Ouimet, Canadian politician, 2nd Premier of Quebec (b. 1823)
• 1907 – Alferd Packer, American prospector (b. 1842)
• 1915 – Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887)
• 1936 – Teresa de la Parra, French-Venezuelan author (b. 1889)
• 1951 – Jules Berry, French actor and director (b. 1883)
• 1951 – Charles G. Dawes, American banker and politician, 30th Vice President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• 1959 – Bak Jungyang, Korean politician (b. 1872)
• 1965 – George Adamski, Polish-American ufologist and author (b. 1891)
• 1966 – George Ohsawa, Japanese founder of the Macrobiotic diet (b. 1893)
• 1981 – Josep Pla, Catalan journalist and author (b. 1897)
• 1983 – Buster Crabbe, American swimmer and actor (b. 1908)
• 1984 – Red Garland, American pianist (b. 1923)
• 1985 – Sam Ervin, American lawyer and politician (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Frank Farrell, Australian rugby league player and policeman (b. 1916)
• 1986 – Harold Arlen, American composer (b. 1905)
• 1986 – Jim Laker, English international cricketer and sportscaster; holder of world record for most wickets taken in a match (b. 1922) ^[53]
• 1986 – Otto Preminger, Ukrainian-American actor, director, and producer (b. 1906)
• 1990 – Paulette Goddard, American actress (b. 1910)
• 1991 – Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
• 1992 – Satyajit Ray, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
• 1992 – Tanka Prasad Acharya, Nepalese politician, 27th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1912)
• 1993 – Cesar Chavez, American activist, co-founded the United Farm Workers (b. 1927)
• 1995 – Douglas Lloyd Campbell, Canadian farmer and politician, 13th Premier of Manitoba (b. 1895)
• 1995 – Howard Cosell, American lawyer and journalist (b. 1918)
• 1995 – Riho Lahi, Estonian journalist (b. 1904)
• 1995 – John C. Stennis, American lawyer and politician (b. 1904)
• 1996 – Jean Victor Allard, Canadian general (b. 1913)
• 1996 – P. L. Travers, Australian-English author and actress (b. 1899)
• 1997 – Denis Compton, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1918)
• 1998 – Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek lawyer and politician, 172nd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1907)
• 1998 – James Earl Ray, American assassin of Martin Luther King Jr. (b. 1928)
• 1998 – Thanassis Skordalos, Greek singer-songwriter and lyra player (b. 1920)
• 2003 – Fernand Fonssagrives, French-American photographer (b. 1910)
• 2004 – Herman Veenstra, Dutch water polo player (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, New Zealand-Australian politician, 31st Premier of Queensland (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Robert Farnon, Canadian-English trumpet player, composer and conductor (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Al Grassby, Australian journalist and politician (b. 1928)
• 2005 – John Mills, English actor (b. 1908) ^[54]
• 2005 – Romano Scarpa, Italian author and illustrator (b. 1927)
• 2005 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player, coach and educator (b. 1934)
• 2006 – Phil Walden, American record producer and manager, co-founder of Capricorn Records (b. 1940)
• 2007 – Paul Erdman, Canadian-American economist and author (b. 1932)
• 2007 – David Halberstam, American journalist, historian and author (b. 1934)
• 2007 – Peter Randall, English sergeant (b. 1930)
• 2007 – Boris Yeltsin, Russian politician, 1st President of Russia (b. 1931)
• 2010 – Peter Porter, Australian-born British poet (b. 1929)
• 2011 – James Casey, English comedian, radio scriptwriter and producer (b. 1922)
• 2011 – Tom King, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1943)
• 2011 – Geoffrey Russell, 4th Baron Ampthill, English businessman and politician (b. 1921)
• 2011 – Max van der Stoel, Dutch politician and Minister of State (b. 1924)
• 2011 – John Sullivan, English screenwriter and producer (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Lillemor Arvidsson, Swedish trade union leader and politician, 34th Governor of Gotland (b. 1943)
• 2012 – Billy Bryans, Canadian drummer, songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
• 2012 – Chris Ethridge, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1947)
• 2012 – Raymond Thorsteinsson, Canadian geologist and paleontologist (b. 1921)
• 2012 – LeRoy T. Walker, American football player and coach (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Bob Brozman, American guitarist (b. 1954)
• 2013 – Robert W. Edgar, American educator and politician (b. 1943)
• 2013 – Tony Grealish, English footballer (b. 1956)
• 2013 – Antonio Maccanico, Italian banker and politician (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Frank W. J. Olver, English-American mathematician and academic (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Kathryn Wasserman Davis, American philanthropist and scholar (b. 1907)
• 2014 – Benjamín Brea, Spanish-Venezuelan saxophonist, clarinet player, and conductor (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Michael Glawogger, Austrian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (b. 1959)
• 2014 – Jaap Havekotte, Dutch speed skater and producer of ice skates (b. 1912)
• 2014 – Connie Marrero, Cuban baseball player and coach (b. 1911)
• 2014 – F. Michael Rogers, American general (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Mark Shand, English conservationist and author (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Patric Standford, English composer and educator (b. 1939)
• 2015 – Richard Corliss, American journalist and critic (b. 1944)
• 2015 – Ray Jackson, Australian activist (b. 1941)
• 2015 – Pierre Claude Nolin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Speaker of the Canadian Senate (b. 1950)
• 2015 – Jim Steffen, American football player (b. 1936)
• 2015 – Francis Tsai, American author and illustrator (b. 1967)
• 2016 – Inge King, German-born Australian sculptor (b. 1915)
• 2016 – Banharn Silpa-archa, Thai politician, Prime Minister from 1995 to 1996 (b. 1932)
• 2019 – Charity Sunshine Tillemann-Dick, American soprano singer and presenter (b. 1983) ^[55]
• 2019 – Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1921) ^[56]
• 2021 – Dan Kaminsky, American internet security researcher (b. 1979) ^[57]
• 2022 – Orrin Hatch, American politician, President pro tempore of the United States Senate (b. 1934) ^[58]
• 2024 – Frank Field, British politician (b. 1942) ^[59]
• 2024 – Helen Vendler, American Literary Critic (b. 1933) ^[60]

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Adalbert of Prague ^[61]
  • Felix, Fortunatus, and Achilleus
  • Saint George ^[47]
  • Blessed Giles of Assisi
  • Gerard of Toul
  • Ibar of Beggerin (Meath)
  • Toyohiko Kagawa (Episcopal and Lutheran Church)
  • St George's Day (England) and its related observances: ^[47]
    • La Diada de Sant Jordi (Catalonia, Spain)
  • April 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Canada Book Day (Canada)
• Castile and León Day (Castile and León)
• International Pixel-Stained Technopeasant Day
• Khongjom Day (Manipur)
• National Sovereignty and Children's Day (Turkey and Northern Cyprus)
• Navy Day (China)
• World Book Day ^[62]
• UN English Language Day (United Nations) ^[63]
• UN Spanish Language Day (United Nations) ^[64]

References

1. "Edmund II | king of England". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
2. Daniel, Clifton (1989). Chronicle of America. Chronicle publication. p. 20. ISBN   0-13-133745-9.
3. Pepys, Samuel. "Pepys Diary 1661 Charles II Coronation". Samuel Pepys. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020.
4. Dürr, Alfred; Jones, Richard D. P. (2006). "1.25 Second Sunday after Easter (Misericordias Domini)". The Cantatas of J. S. Bach: With Their Librettos in German-English Parallel Text. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 298–299. ISBN   978-0-19-969628-4.
5. "Blanco Encalada, fragata blindada (1º)" (in Spanish). Armada de Chile. Archived from the original on 3 December 2009. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
6. Stem, Robert. Destroyer Battles: Epics of Naval Close Combat, p.22. Seaforth Publishing, 2008. ISBN   1473813565. (online)
7. Constituent Assembly – Riigikogu
8. "Катастрофа Ил-14 Азербайджанского УГА над Каспийским морем южнее Баку" [Accident Il-14 Caspian Sea south of Baku]. airdisaster.ru (in Russian).
9. "Accident Vickers 785D Viscount HC-AVP,". Aviation Safety Network. Archived from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
10. Chaudhary, Vivek (2019-04-21). "Forty years on, Southall demands justice for killing of Blair Peach". The Observer. ISSN   0029-7712 . Retrieved 2024-04-23.
11. "This Is the First Ever YouTube Video". Time. Retrieved 2017-04-22.
12. Griffis, Margaret (2013-04-24). "Protest Clashes and Random Attacks Leave 111 Killed, 233 Wounded Across Iraq". Antiwar.com. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
13. "Toronto van attack: Suspect quizzed after 10 pedestrians killed". BBC. 24 April 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
14. "54 miners missing and feared dead after mudslide at Myanmar jade mine". CBS News. 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
15. "Two copters crash during training in Lumut". The Star. 23 April 2024. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
16. "10 confirmed dead in Lumut helicopter crash". Free Malaysia Today. 23 April 2024. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
17. Scotland. Sovereigns, etc; Scotland (1960). Regesta Regum Scottorum, 1153-1424: The acts of Malcolm IV, King of Scots. University Press. p. 3. ISBN   9780852243954.
18. George Long (1843). The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge--. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 73.
19. The Register of Americans of Prominent Descent. Morten Publishing Company. 1982. p. 69.
20. "Folger Shakespeare Library". Folger_Shakespeare_Library. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
21. Mary S. Weinkauf; Mary Wickizer Burgess (1 January 1996). Murder Most Poetic: The Mystery Novels of Ngaio Marsh. Wildside Press LLC. p. 8. ISBN   978-0-89370-297-7.
22. "Jim Bottomley". Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
23. Fasanelli, Florence D. (1987). "Sheila Scott Macintyre". In Grinstein, Louise S.; Campbell, Paul J. (eds.). Women of Mathematics: a Biobibliographic Sourcebook. New York: Greenwood Press. p.  140. ISBN   978-0-3132-4849-8.
24. Anne Commire; Deborah Klezmer (2002). Women in World History: Schu-Sui. Yorkin Publications. p. 352. ISBN   978-0-7876-4073-6.
25. "Ribar Ivo Lola" . Retrieved 2 April 2024.
26. New Times. New Times Publishing House. January 1996. p. liv.
27. Martin, Douglas (2012-06-27). "Judy Agnew, Wife of Vice President, Dies at 91". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
28. Judith A. Leavitt (1985). American Women Managers and Administrators: A Selective Biographical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 27. ISBN   978-0-313-23748-5.
29. Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher; Grimes, William (February 3, 2020). "George Steiner, Prodigious Literary Critic, Dies at 90". The New York Times . Retrieved February 4, 2020.
30. Dictionary of African biography. Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku., Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2012. p. 248. ISBN   9780195382075. OCLC   706025122.
31. "Shedding some light on Judith Light". The Vancouver Sun. March 5, 1993. p. 80.
32. "Andruw Jones". Major League Baseball . Retrieved 30 October 2022.
33. "Lee Young-pyo". sporting-heroes.net. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
34. "Nicole den Dulk data". FEI.org. Retrieved 2 August 2020.
35. Tony Hendroyono. Fifa World Cup 2010: Laga Akbar Tim Sepak Bola Dunia
36. "Leon Andreasen". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
37. "Quinn Ojinnaka". ESPN . Retrieved 12 April 2023.
38. Lauritsen, Vibeke; Tvedt, Knut Are (15 March 2024). "Sandra Borch". In Bolstad, Erik (ed.). Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk nettleksikon. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
39. "Rui Fonte". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
40. "Dr. Britt Baker". FITE. 14 November 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
41. Lee, Joseph (23 April 2022). "Various News: Randy Orton Dances To Bianca Belair's Theme, Today's Wrestling Birthdays Include John Cena, First Look At Rikishi In WWE 2K22". 411Mania . Retrieved 12 April 2023.
42. "Carolina Alves | Player Stats & More – WTA Official". Women's Tennis Association. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
43. "National Team Bios". USA Swimming. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
44. "TWICE". twice.jype.com (in Korean). Retrieved 2020-11-05.
45. "Chloe Kim". United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee. 25 February 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
46. KProfiles (2018-08-09). "Jeno (NCT) Profile and Facts (Updated!)". Kpop Profiles. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
47. Arasteh, Amira; Daly, Hannah (23 April 2022). "St George's Day 2022: How the dragon-slayer became the patron saint of England". The Telegraph. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
48. Cheney, Christopher Robert; Jones, Michael (6 April 2000). A Handbook of Dates: For Students of British History. Cambridge University Press. p. 23. ISBN   978-0-521-77845-9.
49. Charles, Herbermann (1913). "Ekkehard". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
50. "The Death of Shakespeare". Britannica. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
51. "Homenaje al Inca Garcilaso (1539-1616) en su cuarto centenario". RAE Energy (in Spanish). June 16, 2016. Archived from the original on Jun 19, 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
52. "The Life of Silas Soule - Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site". National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 16 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
53. Hill 1998, p. 1.
54. "John Mills". BFI. Archived from the original on May 11, 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
55. "Opera singer who received two double lung transplants has died at 35". CBS News. 2019-04-24.
56. "Grand Duke Jean passes away". delano.lu. Retrieved 2021-11-24.
57. "Dan Kaminsky's Sudden Death Wasn't Related to COVID-19 Vaccine: Family". Heavy.com. 2021-04-25.
58. Brown, Michael (April 23, 2022). "Orrin G. Hatch, longest-serving Republican in Senate history, dies at 88". The Washington Post .
59. Dugan, Emily (2024-04-24). "Tributes paid to Frank Field, former Labour minister, who has died aged 81". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 2024-04-26.
60. Marquard, Bryan (April 23, 2024). "Helen Vendler, a towering presence in poetry criticism, has died - The Boston Globe". BostonGlobe.com. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
61. Cooper, J. C. (2013). Dictionary of Christianity. Abingdon, Oxon. p. 2. ISBN   9781315074047.
62. "World Book and Copyright Day". UNESCO. 29 April 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
63. "English Language Day". United Nations. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
64. UN International Days . Retrieved 2019-04-09.

Bibliography

• Hill, Alan (1998). Jim Laker: A Biography. London: Andre Deutsch Ltd. ISBN   978-02-33050-43-0.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• Historical Events on April 23