1554

1554 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1554; MDLIV
Ab urbe condita	2307
Armenian calendar	1003; ԹՎ ՌԳ
Assyrian calendar	6304
Balinese saka calendar	1475–1476
Bengali calendar	961
Berber calendar	2504
English Regnal year	1 Mar. 1 – 1 Ph. & M.
Buddhist calendar	2098
Burmese calendar	916
Byzantine calendar	7062–7063
Chinese calendar	癸丑年 (Water Ox); 4251 or 4044; — to —; 甲寅年 (Wood Tiger); 4252 or 4045
Coptic calendar	1270–1271
Discordian calendar	2720
Ethiopian calendar	1546–1547
Hebrew calendar	5314–5315
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1610–1611
- Shaka Samvat	1475–1476
- Kali Yuga	4654–4655
Holocene calendar	11554
Igbo calendar	554–555
Iranian calendar	932–933
Islamic calendar	961–962
Japanese calendar	Tenbun 23; (天文２３年)
Javanese calendar	1472–1473
Julian calendar	1554; MDLIV
Korean calendar	3887
Minguo calendar	358 before ROC ; 民前358年
Nanakshahi calendar	86
Thai solar calendar	2096–2097
Tibetan calendar	阴水牛年; (female Water-Ox); 1680 or 1299 or 527; — to —; 阳木虎年; (male Wood-Tiger); 1681 or 1300 or 528

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	15th century ; 16th century ; 17th century ;
Decades:	1530s ; 1540s ; 1550s ; 1560s ; 1570s ;
Years:	1551 ; 1552 ; 1553 ; 1554 ; 1555 ; 1556 ; 1557 ;

Last updated November 17, 2023

Year 1554 ( MDLIV ) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

January 5 – A great fire breaks out in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
January 11 – A Spanish army is defeated by local Mapuche-Huilliches as it tries to cross Bueno River in Southern Chile.^[1]
January 12 – Bayinnaung is crowned king of the Burmese Taungoo Dynasty.
January 25 – São Paulo, Brazil, is founded.^[2]
February 9 – Thomas Wyatt surrenders to government forces in London.^[3]
February 12 – After claiming the throne of England the previous year, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.
March 18 – Princess Elizabeth is imprisoned in the Tower of London.
April 12 – Mary of Guise becomes Regent of Scotland.

July–December

July 23 – 25 – Queen Mary I of England marries King Philip of Naples, the only son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, in Winchester, England.^[4]
August 2 – Battle of Marciano: Senese–French forces are defeated by the Florentine–Imperial army.
August 12 – Battle of Renty: French forces led by Francis, Duke of Guise turn back an invasion of Picardy, by Charles V.
November – English captain John Lok voyages to the Guinea Coast.^[5]^[6]

Date unknown

Mikael Agricola becomes the bishop of Turku.
Saadi conquers the Kingdom of Fez.
Exact center year of Counter Reformation.
The name of the beer brewed by New Belgium Brewing Company is based on a recipe from this date, called "1554."
Luso-Chinese agreement: Portugal reaches an agreement with the Ming Dynasty of China, to be allowed to legally trade in the province of Guangdong.
Rao Surjan Singh becomes ruler of Bundi.

Births

January 1 – Louis III, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1593)
January 9 – Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)^[7]
January 20 – King Sebastian of Portugal (d. 1578)^[8]
February 8 – Marina de Escobar, Spanish nun (d. 1633)
February 27 – Giovanni Battista Paggi, Italian painter (d. 1627)
March – Richard Hooker, Anglican theologian (d. 1600)
March 1 – William Stafford, English courtier and conspirator (d. 1612)
March 18 – Josias I, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1578-1588) (d. 1588)
March 22 – Catherine de Parthenay, French noblewoman and mathematician (d. 1631)
March 26 – Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French military leader (d. 1611)
March 28 – Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich of Russia (d. 1581)
March 30 – Paul Laurentius, German divine (d. 1624)
April – Stephen Gosson, English satirist (d. 1624)
April 15 – Simon VI, Count of Lippe, Count of Lippe-Detmold (1563-1613) (d. 1613)
May 20 – Paolo Bellasio, Italian composer (d. 1594)
June 3 – Pietro de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1604)
June 5 – Benedetto Giustiniani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1621)
June 21 – Joachim of Zollern, Titular Count of Hohenzollern (d. 1587)
July 5 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (d. 1592)
October 1 – Leonardus Lessius, Jesuit theologian (d. 1623)
October 3 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (d. 1628)
October 10 – Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg and Lord of Rheda (d. 1606)
October 20 – Bálint Balassi, Hungarian writer and noble (d. 1594)
October 28 – Enevold Kruse, Danish noble (d. 1621)
October 30 – Prospero Farinacci, Italian jurist (d. 1618)
November 30 – Sir Philip Sidney, English courtier and poet (d. 1586)^[9]

December 17 – Ernest of Bavaria, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1612)
December 19 – Philip William, Prince of Orange (d. 1618)
date unknown
- Jacques Bongars, French scholar and diplomat (d. 1612)
- James Lancaster, English navigator (d. 1618)
- Walter Raleigh, English writer, poet, and explorer (d. 1618)
- Francis Throckmorton, English conspirator (d. 1584)

Deaths

January 2 – João Manuel, Prince of Portugal, Portuguese prince (b. 1537)^[10]
January 11 – Min Bin, king of Arakan (b. 1493)
January 16
- Christiern Pedersen, Danish humanist (b. c. 1480)
- Ambrosius Moibanus, German theologian (b. 1494)
February 12
- Lord Guildford Dudley, consort of Lady Jane Grey (executed) (b. 1536)^[11]
- Lady Jane Grey, claimant to the throne of England (executed) (b. 1537)^[12]
February 21
- Hieronymus Bock, German botanist (b. 1498)
- Sibylle of Cleves, Electress consort of Saxony (b. 1512)
February 23 – Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician (executed) (b. c.1515)
March 3 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1503)
April 11 – Thomas Wyatt the Younger, English rebel (executed) (b. 1521)
April 23 – Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (b. 1523)
May 2 – William Waldegrave, English Member of Parliament (b. 1507)
June 19
- Sixt Birck, German humanist (b. 1501)
- Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German noble (b. 1509)
June 28 – Leone Strozzi, French Navy admiral (b. 1515)
August 25 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1473)
September 22 – Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, Spanish conquistador (b. c. 1510)
December 22 – Alessandro Bonvicino, Italian painter (b. 1498)
December – John Taylor, Bishop of Lincoln (b. 1503)
approx. date– Susannah Hornebolt, English artist (b. 1503)
date unknown
- Argula von Grumbach, German Protestant reformer (b. 1492)
- Leo Africanus, Andalusian Berber writer (b. 1485)
- Sebastiano Serlio, Italian architect (b. 1475)
- Sir Hugh Willoughby, English Arctic explorer

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The 1550s decade ran from January 1, 1550, to December 31, 1559.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">1559</span> Calendar year

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Year 1552 (MDLII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events from the 1550s in England. This decade marks the beginning of the Elizabethan era.

References

↑ Barros Arana, Diego. "Capítulo XIV". Historia general de Chile (in Spanish). Vol. Tomo cuarto (Digital edition based on the second edition of 2000 ed.). Alicante: Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes. pp. 346–347.
↑ University of Gauhati (1952). Journal of the University of Gauhati. The University. p. 237.
↑ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 150–153. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ Samson, Alexander (2005). "Changing Places: The Marriage and Royal Entry of Philip, Prince of Austria, and Mary Tudor, July-August 1554". The Sixteenth Century Journal . 36 (3): 761–784. doi:10.2307/20477489. JSTOR 20477489.
↑ Grun, Bernard (1991). The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 245. ISBN 0-671-74919-6.
↑ Kerr, Robert (1824). A general history and collection of voyages and travels. Vol. 7. Edinburgh: Blackwood. p. 229. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
↑ Walsh, Michael J. (May 10, 2006). Pocket Dictionary of Popes. A&C Black. p. 58. ISBN 9780860124207.
↑ Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis (February 2, 2012). Dictionary of African Biography. Vol. 1–6. OUP USA. p. 312-313. ISBN 9780195382075.
↑ H. R. Woudhuysen (May 23, 1996). Sir Philip Sidney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1558-1640. Clarendon Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-19-159102-0.
↑ Arnold, III, J Barto; Weddle, Robert S. (1978). The Nautical Archeology of Padre Island: The Spanish Shipwrecks of 1554. Academic Press. p. 151. ISBN 9780120636501.
↑ Tower of London (London, England) (1937). Authorised Guide to the Tower of London. p. 19.
↑ "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Lady Jane Grey (1537 - 1554)". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved March 22, 2019.

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[1] Barros Arana, Diego. "Capítulo XIV". Historia general de Chile (in Spanish). Vol. Tomo cuarto (Digital edition based on the second edition of 2000 ed.). Alicante: Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes. pp. 346–347.

[2] University of Gauhati (1952). Journal of the University of Gauhati. The University. p. 237.

[CBH-3] Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 150–153. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.

[4] Samson, Alexander (2005). "Changing Places: The Marriage and Royal Entry of Philip, Prince of Austria, and Mary Tudor, July-August 1554". The Sixteenth Century Journal . 36 (3): 761–784. doi:10.2307/20477489. JSTOR 20477489.

[tts245-5] Grun, Bernard (1991). The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 245. ISBN 0-671-74919-6.

[6] Kerr, Robert (1824). A general history and collection of voyages and travels. Vol. 7. Edinburgh: Blackwood. p. 229. Retrieved November 27, 2011.

[7] Walsh, Michael J. (May 10, 2006). Pocket Dictionary of Popes. A&C Black. p. 58. ISBN 9780860124207.

[8] Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis (February 2, 2012). Dictionary of African Biography. Vol. 1–6. OUP USA. p. 312-313. ISBN 9780195382075.

[9] H. R. Woudhuysen (May 23, 1996). Sir Philip Sidney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1558-1640. Clarendon Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-19-159102-0.

[10] Arnold, III, J Barto; Weddle, Robert S. (1978). The Nautical Archeology of Padre Island: The Spanish Shipwrecks of 1554. Academic Press. p. 151. ISBN 9780120636501.

[11] Tower of London (London, England) (1937). Authorised Guide to the Tower of London. p. 19.

[12] "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Lady Jane Grey (1537 - 1554)". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved March 22, 2019.

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Gregorian calendar	1554 MDLIV
Ab urbe condita	2307
Armenian calendar	1003 ԹՎ ՌԳ
Assyrian calendar	6304
Balinese saka calendar	1475–1476
Bengali calendar	961
Berber calendar	2504
English Regnal year	1 Mar. 1 – 1 Ph. & M.
Buddhist calendar	2098
Burmese calendar	916
Byzantine calendar	7062–7063
Chinese calendar	癸丑年 (Water Ox) 4251 or 4044 — to — 甲寅年 (Wood Tiger) 4252 or 4045
Coptic calendar	1270–1271
Discordian calendar	2720
Ethiopian calendar	1546–1547
Hebrew calendar	5314–5315
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1610–1611
- Shaka Samvat	1475–1476
- Kali Yuga	4654–4655
Holocene calendar	11554
Igbo calendar	554–555
Iranian calendar	932–933
Islamic calendar	961–962
Japanese calendar	Tenbun 23 (天文２３年)
Javanese calendar	1472–1473
Julian calendar	1554 MDLIV
Korean calendar	3887
Minguo calendar	358 before ROC 民前358年
Nanakshahi calendar	86
Thai solar calendar	2096–2097
Tibetan calendar	阴水牛年 (female Water-Ox) 1680 or 1299 or 527 — to — 阳木虎年 (male Wood-Tiger) 1681 or 1300 or 528

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