1763 in science

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The year 1763 in science and technology involved some significant events.

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Astronomy

Mathematics

Medicine

Awards

Births

Deaths

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nevil Maskelyne</span> British astronomer and physicist (1732–1811)

Nevil Maskelyne was the fifth British Astronomer Royal. He held the office from 1765 to 1811. He was the first person to scientifically measure the mass of the planet Earth. He created the British Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris for the Meridian of the Royal Observatory at Greenwich using Johann Tobias Mayer's corrections for Euler's Lunar Theory tables.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Bayes</span> British statistician (c. 1701 – 1761)

Thomas Bayes was an English statistician, philosopher and Presbyterian minister who is known for formulating a specific case of the theorem that bears his name: Bayes' theorem. Bayes never published what would become his most famous accomplishment; his notes were edited and published posthumously by Richard Price.

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1763.

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1777.

The year 1828 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1834 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1791 in science and technology involved some significant events.

The year 1781 in science and technology involved some significant events.

The year 1803 in science and technology involved some significant events.

The year 1883 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

The year 1788 in science and technology involved some significant events.

The year 1764 in science and technology involved some significant events.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Canton</span> British physicist (1718–1772)

John Canton FRS was a British physicist. He was born in Middle Street Stroud, Gloucestershire, to a weaver, John Canton and Esther. As a schoolboy, he became the first person to determine the latitude of Stroud, whilst making a sundial. The sundial caught the attention of many, including Dr Henry Miles, a Stroud-born Fellow of the Royal Society. Miles encouraged Canton to leave Gloucestershire to become a trainee teacher for Samuel Watkins, the headmaster of a Nonconformist school in Spital Square, London, with whom he ultimately entered into partnership.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Hellins</span>

John Hellins FRS was a British autodidact, schoolteacher, mathematician, astronomer and country parson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Morgan (actuary)</span> British scientist and actuary (1750–1833)

William Morgan, FRS was a British physician, physicist and statistician, who is considered the father of modern actuarial science. He is also credited with being the first to record the "invisible light" produced when a current is passed through a partly evacuated glass tube: "the first x-ray tube".

Edward Stone (1702–1768) was a Church of England cleric who discovered the active ingredient of aspirin.

Thomas Hutchins FRSE was a British physician and naturalist.

Samuel Dunn was a British mathematician, teacher, cartographer and amateur astronomer.

An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances is a work on the mathematical theory of probability by Thomas Bayes, published in 1763, two years after its author's death, and containing multiple amendments and additions due to his friend Richard Price. The title comes from the contemporary use of the phrase "doctrine of chances" to mean the theory of probability, which had been introduced via the title of a book by Abraham de Moivre. Contemporary reprints of the Essay carry a more specific and significant title: A Method of Calculating the Exact Probability of All Conclusions founded on Induction.

References

  1. "A Letter from the Late Reverend Mr. Thomas Bayes, F.R.S. to John Canton, M.A. and F.R.S." (PDF). 1763-11-24. Retrieved 2012-03-01.
  2. Bayes, Thomas (1764). "An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances. By the late Rev. Mr. Bayes, communicated by Mr. Price, in a letter to John Canton" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society . London. 53: 370–418. doi: 10.1098/rstl.1763.0053 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-04-10. Retrieved 2011-10-15. Read December 23, 1763.
  3. McGrayne, Sharon Bertsch (2011). The Theory That Would Not Die . New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN   978-0-300-16969-0.
  4. "An Account of the Success of the Bark of the Willow in the Cure of Agues. In a Letter to the Right Honourable George Earl of Macclesfield, President of R.S. from the Rev. Mr. Edmund [sic.] Stone, of Chipping-Norton in Oxfordshire". Philosophical Transactions. London: Royal Society. 53. 1763.
  5. "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.