1769 in Austria

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1769
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Austria
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See also: Other events of 1769
List of years in Austria

Events from the year 1769 in Austria

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Habsburg</span> European dynastic family

The House of Habsburg, also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.

Year 1157 (MCLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1060</span> Calendar year

Year 1060 (MLX) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Year 1183 (MCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frederick the Great</span> King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786

Frederick II was the monarch of Prussia from 1740 until 1786. He was the last Hohenzollern monarch titled King in Prussia, declaring himself King of Prussia after annexing Royal Prussia from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772. His most significant accomplishments include his military successes in the Silesian wars, his reorganisation of the Prussian Army, the First Partition of Poland, and his patronage of the arts and the Enlightenment. Prussia greatly increased its territories and became a major military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great and was nicknamed "Old Fritz".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor</span> Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790

Joseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 18 August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 29 November 1780 until his death. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Emperor Francis I, and the brother of Marie Antoinette, Leopold II, Maria Carolina of Austria and Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma. He was thus the first ruler in the Austrian dominions of the union of the Houses of Habsburg and Lorraine, styled Habsburg-Lorraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor</span> Holy Roman Emperor from 1658 to 1705

Leopold I was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia. The second son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, by his first wife, Maria Anna of Spain, Leopold became heir apparent in 1654 after the death of his elder brother Ferdinand IV. Elected in 1658, Leopold ruled the Holy Roman Empire until his death in 1705, becoming the second longest-ruling Habsburg emperor. He was both a composer and considerable patron of music.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silesian Wars</span> 18th-century wars between Prussia and Austria

The Silesian Wars were three wars fought in the mid-18th century between Prussia and Habsburg Austria for control of the Central European region of Silesia. The First (1740–1742) and Second (1744–1745) Silesian Wars formed parts of the wider War of the Austrian Succession, in which Prussia was a member of a coalition seeking territorial gain at Austria's expense. The Third Silesian War (1756–1763) was a theatre of the global Seven Years' War, in which Austria in turn led a coalition of powers aiming to seize Prussian territory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">War of the Bavarian Succession</span> 18th-century war between the Austrian Habsburgs and a Prussian/Saxon alliance

The War of the Bavarian Succession was a dispute between the Austrian Habsburg monarchy and an alliance of Saxony and Prussia over succession to the Electorate of Bavaria after the extinction of the Bavarian branch of the House of Wittelsbach. The Habsburgs sought to acquire Bavaria, and the alliance opposed them, favoring another branch of the Wittelsbachs. Both sides mobilized large armies, but the only fighting in the war was a few minor skirmishes. However, thousands of soldiers died from disease and starvation, earning the conflict the name Kartoffelkrieg in Prussia and Saxony; in Habsburg Austria, it was sometimes called the Zwetschgenrummel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Homer Haskins</span>

Charles Homer Haskins was an American medievalist at Harvard University. He was an advisor to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. He is widely recognized as the first academic medieval historian in the United States, and the Haskins Medal was named in his honor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viscount Taaffe</span> Title in the Peerage of Ireland

The title Viscount Taaffe, of Corren, was created in the Peerage of Ireland in 1628, together with the subsidiary title Baron Ballymote. From 1661 to 1738, the Viscounts Taaffe were also the Earls of Carlingford.

The phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" has been used to describe certain global empires that were so territorially extensive that it seemed as though it was always daytime in at least one part of their territory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia</span> German princess (1892–1980)

Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia was the only daughter and youngest child of Wilhelm II, German Emperor, and Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein. Through her father, Victoria Louise was a great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Treaty of the Three Black Eagles</span> 1732 treaty between Austria, Russia, and Prussia

The Treaty of the Three Black Eagles, or Treaty of Berlin, was a secret treaty signed in September and December 1732 between the Habsburg monarchy, the Russian Empire and Prussia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Partition of Poland</span> 1772 division of Polish-Lithuanian territory between Austria, Imperial Russia, and Prussia

The The First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn</span> Austrian politician

Paul Gautsch Freiherr von Frankenthurn was an Austrian statesman who served three times as Minister-President of Cisleithania.

Gunther Erich Rothenberg was an internationally known military historian, best known for his publications on the Habsburg military and Napoleonic Wars. He had a fifteen-year military career, as a British Army soldier in World War II, a Haganah officer in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and in the United States Air Force during the Korean War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg</span> Austrian statesman (1711–1794)

Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg was an Austrian and Czech diplomat and statesman in the Habsburg monarchy. A proponent of enlightened absolutism, he held the office of State Chancellor for about four decades and was responsible for the foreign policies during the reigns of Maria Theresa, Joseph II, and Leopold II. In 1764, he was elevated to the noble rank of a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire (Reichfürst).

<i>The Meeting of Frederick II and Joseph II in Neisse in 1769</i> Painting by Adolph Menzel

The Meeting of Frederick II and Joseph II in Neisse in 1769 is an oil on canvas history painting by Adolph Menzel, executed in 1855–1857, showing the meeting of Frederick II of Prussia with Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor at Neisse on 25 August 1769. It is now in the Alte Nationalgalerie, in Berlin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Treaty of Nymphenburg</span> Treaty enlarging War of Austrian Succession

The Treaty of Nymphenburg was a treaty between Bavaria and Spain that was concluded on May 28, 1741 at the Nymphenburg Palace in Munich. It was the first formal pact of a series of French-sponsored alliances against the Habsburg Monarch, Maria Theresa. Through the agreement, the Bavarian Elector Charles Albert gained the support of King Philip V of Spain to become the next Holy Roman Emperor against the claims of the Habsburgs. The treaty was brokered by Marshal Belleisle under the authority of Louis XV of France. As part of the negotiations, the French agreed to materially support Charles Albert's claims. The treaty signaled the expansion of the First Silesian War, which started as a local war between Prussia and the Habsburg Monarchy, into the War of the Austrian Succession, a pan-European conflict.

References

  1. Cvrcek, Thomás (2020). Pammer, Michael; Spoerer, Mike; Tuncer, Ali Cuskun; Woitek, Ulrich (eds.). Schooling under Control:The Origins of Public Education in Imperial Austria 1769-1869. London, UK: Mohr Siebeck. p. 42. ISBN   9783161592676.
  2. Jesensky, Marcel (2014). The Slovak-Polish border, 1918-1947. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillian. ISBN   9781137449641.
  3. Emerton, Ephrahim (1897). Jameson, Franklin J.; Adams, George B.; Hart, Albert Bushnell; Judson, Harry Pratt; McMaster, John Bach; Sloane, William M.; Stephens, H. Morse (eds.). The American Historical Review. Vol. 2. New York, U.S.: The Macmillian Company, American Historical Association. p. 87.
  4. Hassal, Arthur (1897). A Handbook of European History 476-1871:Chronologically Arranged. New York, U.S.: The Macmillian Company. p. 210.
  5. Press, The America (1910). America:A Catholic Review of the Week. Vol. 2. America Press. p. 174.

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