1785 English cricket season

1785 English cricket season

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1785 was the 89th English cricket season since the earliest known important match was played. Scores & Biographies bemoans the lack of fixtures (though there were no less than in the previous few seasons) but there is a historical significance in that state of affairs because it reflected the decline of the Hambledon Club’s influence while the emergence of the White Conduit Club foreshadowed a shift in focus by the cricket authorities from rural to metropolitan. Details of 17 matches are known. ^{[note 1]}

Matches

date	match title	venue	source	result
9 May (M)	Farnham v Alresford	Holt Pound, Farnham	FL18	Alresford won by 5 wkts
30 & 31 May (M-Tu)	Middlesex v Essex	Kennington Common	WDC	Essex won by 6 wkts
The match was played for £500 a side. William Fennex and George T Boult were given men for Middlesex, who in one report are called London & Westminster.
9–10 June (Th-F)	Berkshire v Essex	Datchet Common	WDC	Berkshire won by 148 runs
Berkshire 113 (Mr G T Boult 53) & 115 (Mr G T Boult 55, James Wells 37); Essex 37 & 43 (Hon. G H Monson 20*). No bowling or fielding details known. The game was announced as: "A match of cricket, for 100 guineas, the Berkshire club against the Hornchurch club, with Davidson and Rimmington". We do not know which of the three Rimmingtons was involved. The Hornchurch club was the strongest in Essex and its team could claim to be representative of the county. The sources differ among themselves re whether the team should be called Essex or Hornchurch. Several of these Essex players appeared frequently in subsequent seasons. Berkshire was becoming a top-class county at this time and their team in 1785 does include Beldham, Bedster, Boult, Fennex, Harris, James Wells and Yalden.
13 June (M)	Essex v Middlesex	Langton Park, Hornchurch	FL18	result unknown
This match was pre-announced to be played out same day for 100 guineas. No report was found.
20 June (M)	Gents of Kent v White Conduit	Sevenoaks Vine	WDC	Kent won by 104 runs
Gentlemen of Kent 105 (Mr R Stanford 38) & 131 (Mr S Amherst 22, Mr R Whitehead 22) White Conduit Club 46 & 86 (Hon. Col. C Lennox 25). No bowling or fielding details known. Announced in WDC as: "A grand match of cricket between 11 gentlemen of the White Conduit Club, London, against 11 gentlemen of Kent, which was won by the latter". There were a number of significant "debutants" in this game, in the sense that this was their first recorded match, none more so than the Earl of Winchilsea and the Hon. Colonel Charles Lennox, who both played a major role in the organisation of cricket at Lord’s from 1787.
27 June (M)	Hornchurch v Windsor	Langton Park, Hornchurch	WDC	Windsor won by 5 wkts
No individual details are known. FL18 records that the stake was £500. It is possibly that it was the equivalent of Essex v Berkshire.
27 June (M)	Farnham v Petworth	North Green, Reading	TJM	Farnham won by innings & 18 runs
30 June - 1 July (Th-F)	White Conduit v Gents of Kent	White Conduit Fields	SB62	WCC won by 304 runs
White Conduit Club 170 (Hon. Col. C Lennox 42, Capt – Monson 29; Mr R Hosmer 4w) & 284 (Sir P Burrell 97, Mr R Newman 56; Mr R Hosmer 3w); Gentlemen of Kent 122 (Mr R Stanford 59; Capt – Monson 5w) & 28 (Mr G East 4w) The two Gentlemen teams are considered major because most of their players are recognised and did appear quite frequently though, admittedly, not with any great success. S&B bemoans the lack of fixtures in this season (though there were more than in 1784) but there is a historical significance in that state of affairs because it reflected the decline of Hambledon's influence while the emergence of WCC foreshadowed a shift in focus to London. Cricket at this time had reached a watershed.
4 July (M)	Bucks v Herts	Nottis Green, Beaconsfield	WDC	Bucks won by 16 runs
WDC has a full scorecard for Bucks and Herts which is in the ACS list but both of these were minor counties at the time, as they are now, and relied on given men to have any recognised players.
21 & 22 July (Th-F)	Petworth v Farnham	Petworth	TJM	Farnham won by 4 wkts
29 & 30 July (F-S)	Farnham v Petworth	Holt Pound, Farnham	TJM	Farnham won by 213 runs
1 & 2 August (M-Tu)	Lingfield v Sussex	Lingfield Common	TJM	Sussex won by 42 runs
15 August (M)	Odiham v Hambledon	Odiham Down	WDC	result unknown
22 August (M)	Farnham v Hambledon	Holt Pound, Farnham	WDC	Hambledon won by innings & 119 runs
27 August (S)	Bucks v Berkshire	Langley Broom	FL18	result unknown
19 Sept (M)	Hambledon v Farnham	Windmill Down	WDC	result unknown
Although the scorecard has been lost, according to Beldham (who played in this game), Farnham beat Hambledon.
26 & 27 Sept (M-Tu)	Bucks v Berkshire	Langley Broom	WDC	Berkshire won by 215 runs

First mentions

• William Beldham
• George T Boult
• William Fennex
• J Gouldstone
• George Henry Monson
• J Wyatt
• Henry Hervey Aston
• Sir Peter Burrell
• Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond
• George Talbot
• R Whitehead
• George Finch, 9th Earl of Winchilsea
• Gilbert East
• Captain Monson
• Barker (Essex; amateur) – played six matches to 1793
• J Russell (Essex; amateur) – played nine matches to 1793
• Dampier (WCC; amateur) – played five matches to 1787
• Peachey (WCC; amateur) – played two matches in 1785 only
• Slater (Berkshire; amateur) – played four matches to 1787
• Lord Strathavon (Surrey; amateur) – played four matches to 1792
• Tyson (WCC/MCC; amateur) – played seven matches to 1794

Leading batsmen

Note that many scorecards in the 18th century are unknown or have missing details and so it is impossible to provide a complete analysis of batting performances: e.g., the missing not outs prevent computation of batting averages. The "runs scored" are in fact the runs known.

runs	player
124	Richard Stanford
108	George T Boult
97	Sir Peter Burrell
90	Charles Lennox
69	Richard Newman

Leading bowlers

Note that the wickets credited to an 18th-century bowler were only those where he bowled the batsman out. The bowler was not credited with the wickets of batsmen who were caught out, even if it was "caught and bowled". In addition, the runs conceded by each bowler were not recorded so no analyses or averages can be computed.

wkts	player
7	Richard Hosmer
6	Gilbert East
5	Captain Monson
3	Mr Thompson (Kent)
3	R Whitehead

Leading fielders

Note that many scorecards in the 18th century are unknown or have missing details and so the totals are of the known catches and stumpings only. Stumpings were not always recorded as such and sometimes the name of the wicket-keeper was not given. Generally, a catch was given the same status as "bowled" with credit being awarded to the fielder only and not the bowler. There is never a record of "caught and bowled": the bowler would be credited with the catch, not with the wicket.

ct/st	player
2	Captain Monson
2	Richard Stanford

Notes

1. Some eleven-a-side matches played before 1864 have been rated "first-class" by certain sources, but there was no such standard at the time. The term came into common use from around 1864, when overarm bowling was legalised, and was formally defined as a standard by a meeting at Lord's, in May 1894, of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and the county clubs which were then competing in the County Championship. The ruling was effective from the beginning of the 1895 season, but pre-1895 matches of the same standard have no official definition of status because the ruling is not retrospective. However, matches of a similar standard since the beginning of the 1864 season are generally considered to have an unofficial first-class status. ^[1] Pre-1864 matches which are included in the ACS' "Important Match Guide" may generally be regarded as top-class or, at least, historically significant. ^[2] For further information, see First-class cricket.

References

1. ACS 1982, pp. 4–5.
2. ACS 1981, pp. 1–40.

Bibliography

• ACS (1981). A Guide to Important Cricket Matches Played in the British Isles 1709–1863. Nottingham: ACS. OCLC   85045528.
• ACS (1982). A Guide to First-class Cricket Matches Played in the British Isles. Nottingham: ACS. OCLC   10586869.
• Buckley, G. B. (1935). Fresh Light on 18th Century Cricket. Birmingham: Cotterell & Co. OCLC   23450280.
• Haygarth, Arthur (1996) [1862]. Scores & Biographies, Volume 1 (1744–1826). Kennington: Frederick Lillywhite. ISBN   978-19-00592-23-9.
• McCann, Tim (2004). Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century (PDF). Vol. 88. Lewes: West Sussex Record Office. ISBN   978-08-54450-55-8.
• Waghorn, H. T. (2005) [1906]. The Dawn of Cricket. London: J. W. McKenzie. ISBN   978-09-47821-17-3.

Further reading

• Altham, H. S.; Swanton, E. W. (1962). A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914) (5th ed.). London: George Allen & Unwin. OCLC   894274808.
• Birley, Derek (1999). A Social History of English Cricket. London: Aurum Press. ISBN   978-18-54107-10-7 – via Internet Archive.
• Bowen, Rowland (1970). Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. ISBN   978-04-13278-60-9.
• Major, John (2007). More Than A Game. London: HarperCollins. ISBN   978-00-07183-64-7 – via Internet Archive.
• Wilson, Martin (2005). An Index to Waghorn. London: Bodyline Books (limited edition, by subscription only).