1949 East German Constitutional Assembly election

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1949 East German Constitutional Assembly election
Flag of Germany.svg
  1938
(pre-partition)
15–16 May 1949 1950  

All 1,525 seats in the German People's Congress
Turnout95.23%
 First party
  Fotothek df roe-neg 0002793 004 Portrait Wilhelm Piecks im Publikum der Bachfeier.jpg
Leader Wilhelm Pieck
Party SED
Alliance Democratic Bloc
Leader since22 April 1946
Seats won1,525

Chairman of the Council of Ministers after election

Otto Grotewohl
SED

Ballot paper Ballot paper of 1949 East German general election.jpg
Ballot paper

Elections for the Third German People's Congress were held in East Germany on 15 and 16 May 1949. [1] Voters were presented with a "Unity List" from the "Bloc of the Anti-Fascist Democratic Parties," which was dominated by the Communist-leaning Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED). [2]

Contents

Overview

The ballot was worded "I am for the unity of Germany and a just peace treaty. I therefore vote for the following list of candidates for the Third German People's Congress." [3] with voters having the options of voting "yes" and "no". [4] (German : Ich bin für die Einheit Deutschland und einen gerechten Friedensvertrag. Ich stimme darum für die nachstehende Kandidatenliste zum Dritten Deutschen Volkskongreß.) [5] In much of the country, the vote was not secret. [6]

According to official figures, 95.2 percent of eligible voters cast their ballots, with 66 percent approving the list. [2] This was the lowest level of support ever recorded for an SED-dominated bloc during the four decades of Communist rule, despite the election taking place under conditions that significantly constrained genuine political competition. In all subsequent elections until the Peaceful Revolution four decades later, the National Front, which succeeded the Democratic Bloc, would consistently claim 99 percent or more of the vote. [6]

Results

1949 Volkskongress.svg
Party or allianceVotes%Seats
Democratic Bloc Socialist Unity Party 7,943,94966.07450
Christian Democratic Union 225
Liberal Democratic Party 225
Cooperatives100
Democratic Farmers' Party 75
National Democratic Party 75
Democratic Women's League 50
Free German Trade Union Federation 50
Free German Youth 50
Cultural Association 50
Peasants Mutual Aid Association 50
Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime 50
Social Democratic Party (East Berlin) 25
Independents50
Against4,080,27233.93
Total12,024,221100.001,525
Valid votes12,024,22193.30
Invalid/blank votes863,0136.70
Total votes12,887,234100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,533,07195.23
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

Aftermath

The Constitutional Assembly adopted East Germany's first constitution in October, and proclaimed the establishment of the German Democratic Republic on 7 October. It then transformed itself into the first Volkskammer.

References

  1. Dirk Spilker (2006) The East German Leadership and the Division of Germany: Patriotism and Propaganda 1945-1953, Clarendon Press, p184
  2. 1 2 Dieter Nohlen & Phillip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p771 ISBN   978-3-8329-5609-7
  3. Die Republik der Partei at Die Zeit
  4. Ballot paper Direct Democracy
  5. "Stimmzettel zum 3. Deutschen Volkskongress". www.hdg.de (in German). March 1949. Retrieved 20 June 2025.
  6. 1 2 Germany at Encyclopædia Britannica