The Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (HKFTU) is a pro-Beijing labour and political group established in 1948 in Hong Kong. It is the oldest and largest labour group in Hong Kong with over 420,000 members in 253 affiliates and associated trade unions. Presided by Ng Chau-pei and chaired by Kingsley Wong, it currently holds four seats in the Legislative Council and 43 seats in the District Councils.
The United Democrats of Hong Kong was the first political party in Hong Kong. Founded in 1990, the short-lived party was the united front of the liberal democracy forces in preparation of the 1991 first ever direct election for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. The party won a landslide victory by sweeping 12 of the 18 directly elected seats in the election which shook the political landscape of Hong Kong. In 1994 it was merged with another pro-democracy party Meeting Point to form the contemporary Democratic Party.
The pro-democracy camp, also known as the pan-democracy camp, is a political alignment in Hong Kong that supports increased democracy, namely the universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council as given by the Basic Law under the "One Country, Two Systems" framework.
The Senior Unofficial Member, later Senior Member and, finally, Convenor of the Non-official Members, was the highest-ranking unofficial member of the Legislative Council (LegCo) and Executive Council (ExCo) of British Hong Kong, which was tasked with representing the opinions of all unofficial members of the council to the Governor.
The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp or pro-China camp is a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) towards Hong Kong. The term "pro-establishment camp" is regularly in use to label the broader segment of the Hong Kong political arena which has the closer relationship with the establishment, namely the governments of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). Pro-Beijing politicians are labeled "patriots" by pro-Beijing media and "loyalists" by the rival pro-democracy camp.
The 1963 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 7 March 1963 for the four of the eight elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. Elsie Elliott, educator and social activist was first elected to the council on the Reform Club ticket, while lawyer Cheung Wing-in became the new elected member for the Hong Kong Civic Association.
The 1967 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 7 June 1967 for the five of the ten elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. A record of 38.7 per cent turnout as 10,130 of the 26,202 eligible voters came out and cast their ballots, in the middle of the Leftists' disturbances.
The 1969 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 5 March 1969 for the five of the ten elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. 8,178 of 34,392 registered voters voted, the turnout rate was 23.8 per cent, a sharp decline from the record breaking turnout in the previous election in 1967.
The 1981 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 5 March 1981 for the six of the 12 elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. Only about 6,195 of the 34,381 voters, cast their ballots in the election, accounting for 18 per cent turnout rate, breaking the record as the lowest turnout rate in history until the 1989 Urban & Regional Council elections.
The 1973 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 7 March 1973 for the seven of the 12 elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. Two new elected seats were created in the election. 8,675 eligible voters cast their votes, the turnout rate was 27.64 per cent.
The 1975 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 5 March 1975 for six of the 12 elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. 10,903 eligible voters cast their votes, higher than any previous election, though still less than a third of registered voters, less than five per cent of those eligible ratepayers, civil servants, professionals and other professions and a much tinier proportion still of the adult population. For the first time polling stations were set up in the New Territories satellite towns in Tsuen Wan, Yuen Long and Tai Po.
The 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was held on 4 September 2016 for the 6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). A total of 70 members, 35 from geographical constituencies (GCs) and 35 from functional constituencies (FCs), were returned. The election came after the rejection of the 2016/2017 constitutional reform proposals which suggested the electoral method for the 2016 Legislative Council remains unchanged.
Tsin Sai-nin was a Hong Kong educator, unionist and politician. He was an elected member of the Urban Council, former president of the Hong Kong Chinese Civil Servants' Association and the founder of the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (HKPTU).
Wong Pun-cheuk was a Hong Kong politician. He was an elected member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong.
Francis Chaine was a Hong Kong lawyer and politician. He was an elected member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong from 1981 to 1983.
Chow Wai-keung is a Hong Kong social worker and politician. He was an elected member of the Central and Western District Board and the Urban Council of Hong Kong in the 1980s and 1990s.
The 2018 Hong Kong Legislative Council by-election was held on 11 March 2018 for four of the six vacancies in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) - the Hong Kong Island, Kowloon West and New Territories East geographical constituencies and the Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape functional constituency - resulting from the disqualification of six pro-democrat and localist camp Legislative Council members over the 2016 oath-taking controversy. The by-election for the two other seats was not held due to pending legal appeals by the two disqualified legislators.
The 2021 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was a general election held on 19 December 2021 for the 7th Legislative Council of Hong Kong. Under the drastic Beijing-imposed electoral overhaul, the total number of seats was increased from 70 to 90 seats, with the directly elected geographical constituencies (GCs) reduced from 35 to 20 seats, the trade-based indirectly elected functional constituencies (FCs) staying at 30, and the additional 40 seats being elected by the 1,500-member Election Committee. therefore still not allowing universal suffrage.
Andrew Chiu Ka-yin is a Hong Kong politician, democracy activist, experienced accredited mediator and arbitrator. He is a member of the Democratic Party, strategy committee member of the Professional Commons, chairperson of Hong Kong Society of Accredited Mediators and convenor of Power for Democracy, as well as an elected member of the Eastern District Council for Tai Koo Shing West since 2008.
Giuseppe Salaroli, MH, also known as Joseph Salaroli, is a Hong Kong Italian priest and politician. He is a former Eastern District Council member from 1983 to 2007, last representing Tai Koo Shing West.
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