2-Chlorophenol

Last updated
2-Chlorophenol
2-Chlorophenol 2-Chlorphenol.svg
2-Chlorophenol
2-Chlorophenol 2-chlorophenol.png
2-Chlorophenol
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Chlorophenol [1]
Other names
o-Chlorophenol
ortho-Chlorophenol
2-Hydroxychlorobenzene
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.002.213 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
KEGG
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C6H5ClO/c7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8/h1-4,8H Yes check.svgY
    Key: ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/C6H5ClO/c7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8/h1-4,8H
    Key: ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYAM
  • Oc1ccccc1Cl
Properties
C6H5ClO
Molar mass 128.56 g·mol−1
Appearancecolorless liquid
Density 1.2634 g/cm3 at 20 °C [2]
Melting point 8 °C (46 °F; 281 K) [2]
Boiling point 173.4 °C (344.1 °F; 446.5 K) [2]
20 g/L at 20 °C
Solubility Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene
Vapor pressure 0.308 kPa [3]
Acidity (pKa)8.56 [4]
-77.3·10−6 cm3/mol [5]
1.5524 [2]
Viscosity 3.59 mPa·s [6]
Thermochemistry [7]
188.7 J·mol−1·K−1
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)
13.0 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Corrosive – causes burns
Flash point 64 °C (147 °F; 337 K) [6]
550 °C (1,022 °F; 823 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS) MSDS
Related compounds
benzene
phenol
chlorobenzene
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Yes check.svgY  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

2-Chlorophenol or ortho-chlorophenol is an organic compound with the formula C6H4ClOH. It is one of three isomers of monochlorophenol. Aside from occasional use as a disinfectant, it has few applications. It is an intermediate in the polychlorination of phenol. [8] 2-Chlorophenol is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples are often yellow or amber-colored. It has an unpleasant, penetrating (carbolic) odor. It is poorly soluble in water.

Contents

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phenol</span> Organic compound (C6H5OH)

Phenol is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group bonded to a hydroxy group. Mildly acidic, it requires careful handling because it can cause chemical burns.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acetophenone</span> Chemical compound

Acetophenone is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH3. It is the simplest aromatic ketone. This colorless, viscous liquid is a precursor to useful resins and fragrances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anthraquinone</span> Yellow chemical compound: building block of many dyes

Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula C
14H
8O
2. Isomers include various quinone derivatives. The term anthraquinone however refers to the isomer, 9,10-anthraquinone wherein the keto groups are located on the central ring. It is a building block of many dyes and is used in bleaching pulp for papermaking. It is a yellow, highly crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water but soluble in hot organic solvents. It is almost completely insoluble in ethanol near room temperature but 2.25 g will dissolve in 100 g of boiling ethanol. It is found in nature as the rare mineral hoelite.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Resorcinol</span> Chemical compound

Resorcinol (or resorcin) is a phenolic compound. It is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(OH)2. It is one of three isomeric benzenediols, the 1,3-isomer (or meta-isomer). Resorcinol crystallizes from benzene as colorless needles that are readily soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, but insoluble in chloroform and carbon disulfide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caesium fluoride</span> Chemical compound

Caesium fluoride or cesium fluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula CsF and it is a hygroscopic white salt. Caesium fluoride can be used in organic synthesis as a source of the fluoride anion. Caesium also has the highest electropositivity of all known elements and fluorine has the highest electronegativity of all known elements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Catechol</span> Organic compound (C6H4(OH)2); benzene with two adjacent –OH groups

Catechol, also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4(OH)2. It is the ortho isomer of the three isomeric benzenediols. This colorless compound occurs naturally in trace amounts. It was first discovered by destructive distillation of the plant extract catechin. About 20,000 tonnes of catechol are now synthetically produced annually as a commodity organic chemical, mainly as a precursor to pesticides, flavors, and fragrances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acetone</span> Organic compound ((CH3)2CO); simplest ketone

Acetone is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO. It is the simplest and smallest ketone. It is a colorless, highly volatile and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.

Azetidine is a saturated heterocyclic organic compound containing three carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. It is a liquid at room temperature with a strong odor of ammonia and is strongly basic compared to most secondary amines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Aminophenol</span> Chemical compound

4-Aminophenol (or para-aminophenol or p-aminophenol) is an organic compound with the formula H2NC6H4OH. Typically available as a white powder, it is commonly used as a developer for black-and-white film, marketed under the name Rodinal.

3-Aminophenol is an organic compound with formula C6H4(NH2)(OH). It is an aromatic amine and a phenol. It is the meta isomer of 2-aminophenol and 4-aminophenol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chlorophenol red</span> Chemical compound

Chlorophenol red is an indicator dye that changes color from yellow to violet in the pH range 5.4 to 6.8. The pH of a substance is determined by taking the negative logarithm of the Hydronium ion concentration and the indictor changes color due to the dissociation of H+ ions. The lambda max is at 572 nm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gentisic acid</span> Chemical compound

Gentisic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a derivative of benzoic acid and a minor (1%) product of the metabolic break down of aspirin, excreted by the kidneys.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Nitrophenol</span> Chemical compound

4-Nitrophenol is a phenolic compound that has a nitro group at the opposite position of the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2,4,6-Trichlorophenol</span> Chemical compound

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol, also known as TCP, phenaclor, Dowicide 2S, Dowcide 2S, omal, is a chlorinated phenol that has been used as a fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, antiseptic, defoliant, and glue preservative. It is a clear to yellowish crystalline solid with a strong, phenolic odor. It decomposes on heating to produce toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride and chlorine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2-Aminophenol</span> Chemical compound

2-Aminophenol is an organic compound with the formula C6H7NO. Along with its isomer 4-aminophenol, it is an amphoteric molecule and a reducing agent. It is a useful reagent for the synthesis of dyes and heterocyclic compounds. Reflecting its slight hydrophilic character, white powder is moderately soluble in alcohols and can be recrystallized from hot water.

In chemical nomenclature, a preferred IUPAC name (PIN) is a unique name, assigned to a chemical substance and preferred among all possible names generated by IUPAC nomenclature. The "preferred IUPAC nomenclature" provides a set of rules for choosing between multiple possibilities in situations where it is important to decide on a unique name. It is intended for use in legal and regulatory situations.

2,6-Dichlorophenol is a compound with formula C6H3Cl2OH. It is one of the six isomers of dichlorophenol. It is a colorless solid. Its pKa is 6.78, which is about 100x more acidic than 2-chlorophenol (8.52) and 1000x more acidic than phenol itself (9.95).

Aminoacetonitrile is the organic compound with the formula H2N−CH2−C≡N. The compound is a colorless liquid. It is unstable at room temperature, owing to the incompatibility of the amine nucleophile and the nitrile electrophile. For this reason it is usually encountered as the chloride and bisulfate salts of the ammonium derivative, i.e., [NCCH2NH3]+Cl− and [NCCH2NH3]+HSO4−.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3-Chlorophenol</span> Chemical compound

3-Chlorophenol is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4ClOH. It is one of three isomers of monochlorophenol. It is a colorless or white solid that melts easily and exhibits significant solubility in water. Together with 3,5-dichlorophenol, it is prepared industrially by dechlorination of polychlorophenols. Alternatively, it arises via the cumene process, which starts with the alkylation of chlorobenzene with propylene.

4-Chlorophenol is an organic compound with the formula C6H4ClOH. It is one of three monochlorophenol isomers. It is a colorless or white solid that melts easily and exhibits significant solubility in water. Its pKa is 9.14.

References

  1. ↑ Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 690. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN   978-0-85404-182-4. Only one name is retained, phenol, for C6H5-OH, both as a preferred name and for general nomenclature. The structure is substitutable at any position. Locants 2, 3, and 4 are recommended, not o, m, and p.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Haynes, p. 3.116
  3. ↑ Haynes, p. 16.20
  4. ↑ Haynes, p. 5.90
  5. ↑ Haynes, p. 3.577
  6. 1 2 Haynes, p. 6.243
  7. ↑ Haynes, pp. 5.10, 6.156
  8. ↑ Fiege, H.; Voges, H.-M.; Hamamoto, T; Umemura, S.; Iwata, T.; Miki, H.; Fujita, Y.; Buysch, H.-J.; Garbe, D. (2000). "Phenol Derivatives". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_313. ISBN   978-3527306732.

Cited sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.