21st Century Steam

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The 21st Century Steam program was conducted by the Norfolk Southern Railway from 2011 to 2015, featuring four classic steam locomotives pulling passenger excursions along Norfolk Southern rails in the eastern United States. The last train was to be Southern 4501's Piedmont Limited excursion trip from Atlanta, Georgia, to Toccoa, Georgia (which had been scheduled for October 3 & 4, 2015), but cancelled on October 1 due to Hurricane Joaquin. [1]

Contents

Background

SOU 4501 SOU4501.jpg
SOU 4501

In 1966, the Southern Railway, under the leadership of W. Graham Claytor, Jr., operated a popular steam excursion program. The Southern Railway operated some Southern veterans, such as Southern Railway 630, Southern Railway 722, Southern Railway 4501, Savannah & Atlanta 750 as well as leased some locomotives which had served on non-Southern Railway tracks, such as Canadian Pacific 2839, Chesapeake and Ohio 2716 and Texas and Pacific 610. [2] In 1982, the Southern Railway merged with the Norfolk & Western Railway to become Norfolk Southern, which had as its chairman and CEO, Robert B. Claytor, brother of the former Southern Railway president Graham Claytor. He retained the program. [2] Following the merger, the Norfolk Southern steam program acquired two new locomotives for its fleet: Norfolk & Western 611, which debuted in 1982, and Norfolk & Western 1218, which debuted in 1987. [2]

However, in 1994, Norfolk Southern announced that they will end their steam program because of serious safety concerns, rising insurance costs, the expense of maintaining steam locomotives, and decreasing rail network availability due to a surge in freight traffic. [3] [4] At the time, N&W 1218 was being overhauled in Birmingham, Alabama, so she was cosmetically restored and eventually was sent back to Roanoke, Virginia. Meanwhile, N&W 611 pulled her final excursion from Birmingham to Chattanooga, Tennessee, on December 3 and arrived back in Roanoke four days later. In the end, both N&W 611 & 1218 would wind up on display at the Virginia Museum of Transportation in Roanoke. However, in May 2014, the 611 was removed from display and towed to the North Carolina Transportation Museum in Spencer, North Carolina, to be restored to operating condition once again on March 31, 2015.

Origins

In 2005, Norfolk Southern acquired a new CEO, Charles "Wick" Moorman. Two years later, Moorman traveled to Chattanooga to speak at a gathering of the National Railway Historical Society. Two other members of Norfolk Southern had already been in favor of bringing steam back and while there, Moorman toured the facilities of the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum (TVRM) and also traveled on one of their excursions. He also met with Tim Andrews, TVRM's president. [5]

Andrews recalled later: “I told [Moorman] that we would be happy to do whatever we could to help Norfolk Southern with anything they needed…. It was an open-ended conversation, and talk about reintroducing steam developed from there.” [5]

In June 2010, Norfolk Southern announced that it was in negotiations with the TVRM to operate a “limited number” of excursions, noting that the program would “highlight milestones in rail history and provide an opportunity for audiences to learn about today's safe and service-oriented freight railroads.” As CEO Wick Moorman also explained: "This is the right time for steam to ride the Norfolk Southern rails...We have a fascinating history, and we have a compelling message about how today's railroads support jobs, competition, and the economy. It is a forward-looking message that resonates with people everywhere." [6]

Excursion Seasons

2011

In March 2011, the restoration of Southern 630 was complete. [7] [8] Over Labor Day weekend, the 630 rolled onto the main line to participate the 21st Century Steam program, pulling two trains daily on September 3 and 4 from the TVRM to one of the train yards in Chattanooga and returning, an event coinciding with the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Museum. [9] Two months later, 630 ran an excursion from Knoxville, Tennessee, to Chattanooga. [10]

2012

NKP 765 NKP 765 at Owosso Better.jpg
NKP 765

In 2012, the 21st Century Steam excursion program was dominated by relatively short employee appreciation excursions in order to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Norfolk Southern Railway. Norfolk Southern leased the Nickel Plate 765, operated by the Fort Wayne Railroad Historical Society to help, as well as operating Southern 630. [11]

In June 2012, Southern 630 ran employee excursions in the areas around Atlanta, Georgia, Spencer, North Carolina and Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Roanoke, and Knoxville. [11] Public one-way excursion trips included Winston-Salem to Roanoke, Roanoke to Bristol, Virginia, and Bristol to Knoxville in July. [11] During TVRM's 2012 "Railfest" on September 1 and 2, Southern 630 pulled excursions from Chattanooga to Cleveland, Tennessee, and at the end of the month excursions in the Birmingham area. [11] To finish out the season, on November 10, there was an excursion from Chattanooga to Attalla, Alabama, and on the 11th, an excursion from Chattanooga to Harriman, Tennessee. [11]

Meanwhile, as Southern 630 traveled throughout the South, Nickel Plate Road 765, along with NS 8100 (the Nickel Plate Road heritage unit), pulled employee excursions in the areas around Toledo, Ohio, Bellevue, Ohio, Williamson, West Virginia, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. [11] The locomotive also made a ferry run over the famed Horseshoe Curve near Altoona, Pennsylvania. [11] In September, NKP 765 was back on the rails with NS 1070 (the Wabash Railroad heritage unit) and NS 1072 (the Illinois Terminal Railroad heritage unit) to pull excursions in the St. Louis area. [11]

2013

Southern 630's 2013 excursion season began early, with the locomotive pulling a 13 car public excursion (with the help of two diesel locomotives) from Chattanooga to Attalla on March 2. [12] Other excursions in March were seen in the areas surrounding Bristol, Virginia (Bristol to Radford, Virginia, on March 9 and Bristol to Bulls Gap, Tennessee, on March 10), Roanoke (Roanoke to Walton Furnace, Virginia, on March 16 and Roanoke to Lynchburg, Virginia, on March 16–17), and Norfolk, Virginia (Norfolk to Petersburg, Virginia, on March 23). [12] In April, the locomotive traveled to North Carolina for excursions in Spencer, North Carolina (Spencer to Barber Junction, North Carolina on April 13) and Asheville, North Carolina (Asheville to Old Fort, North Carolina, on April 20–21). [12]

On May 11, Nickel Plate Road 765 went on the rails with NS 8102 (the Pennsylvania Railroad heritage unit) for an employee excursion from Cleveland, Ohio, to Lorain, Ohio, and the “Nickel Plate Limited,” a public excursion from Rocky River, Ohio, to Bellevue, Ohio, the next day. [12] She then did a ferry run to Pennsylvania in order to pull employee excursions from Altoona to Gallitzin, Pennsylvania, on May 18–19 and over Memorial Day Weekend (May 25–27), went with 765, along with NS 8102 and 8098 (the Conrail heritage unit), to pull the “Horseshoe Curve Special,” a public excursion over Horseshoe Curve between Lewistown, Pennsylvania and Gallitzin. [12]

In the first weekend in September 2013, Southern 630 pulled excursion trains between Chattanooga and Cleveland for TVRM's Railfest, along with excursions from Birmingham to the cities of Parrish and Wilton, Alabama later in the month. [12] On August 16, 2013, the Fort Wayne Railroad Historical Society announced plans to operate a late October excursion with Nickel Plate Road 765 between Fort Wayne, Indiana and West Lafayette, Indiana along tracks once owned by the Wabash Railroad and used by their Cannon Ball service (named after the famed song), which ran between Detroit and St. Louis between 1949 and 1971. [13] This 225 miles (362 km) round-trip excursion is the first excursion with 765 out of Fort Wayne since 1993. [13] In November, Southern 630 pulled from Chattanooga to Harriman and Attalla, as well as an excursion between Chattanooga and Asheville, North Carolina. [12]

2014

On April 5, SOU 630 ran the "Radford Rambler" excursion round-trip between Bristol, Virginia, and Radford, Virginia, and the "Lonesome Pine Special" excursion round-trip from Bristol to Bulls Gap, Tennessee, on April 6. [14] After that, the locomotive would operate the "Tri-County Mountaineer" from Grundy, VA to Devon, WV on April 12, 13, and 19. [14]

On May 3 and 4, NKP 765 pulled the "Commodore Vanderbilt" employee special excursion between Elkhart, Indiana and Bryan, Ohio. Then, the locomotive would run another employee special excursion called the "Nickel Plate Limited" from Chicago, Illinois, to Argos, Indiana, on May 10 and 11. [14]

On May 17 and 18, SOU 630 ran the "New Royal Palm" excursion from Cincinnati, Ohio, to Danville, Kentucky. [14] [15] The 630 ran the "Lexington Limited" excursion from Lexington, Kentucky, to Oneida, Tennessee, on May 31 and June 1 along with the Steam Anniversary Special from Chattanooga to Oneida on June 7. [14]

On July 5 and 6, NKP 765 ran Norfolk Southern's employee special called the "Mercury Express" from Detroit, Michigan to Toledo, Ohio, and the "Detroit Arrow" public excursion from Detroit to Fort Wayne, Indiana. [14]

2015

The N&W 611 (which had been restored in 2015 to join the program) ran several excursions during the summer such as "The American" from Manassas, Virginia, to Front Royal, Virginia, on June 6 and 7, "The Cavalier" from Lynchburg, Virginia, to Petersburg, Virginia, on June 13 and 14, "The Powhatan Arrow" from Roanoke to Lynchburg and "The Pelican" from Roanoke to Radford, Virginia, on July 3, 4, and 5. [16]

On June 26, the Southern 4501 ran the "Radford Rambler" excursion from Bristol, Virginia, to Radford, Virginia. [17] On June 27, the locomotive pulled the "Lonesome Pine Special" excursion from Bristol, Tennessee, to Bulls Gap, Tennessee, and ran the "Radford Rambler" excursion again on June 28. [17]

On July 18 and 19, Nickel Plate Road 765 made her first 2015 excursion run from Fort Wayne, Indiana, to Lafayette, Indiana, on the route of the famous Wabash Cannonball. [18]

On July 25 and 26, the locomotive made runs from Youngstown, Ohio, to Ashtabula, Ohio, and returned to Buffalo, New York, for the first time in almost 40 years when she made runs on August 1 and 2 between Buffalo and Corning, New York. [18]

On August 22 and 23, NKP 765 ran the "Lehigh Gorge Special" excursion round-trip from Allentown, Pennsylvania, to Pittston, Pennsylvania, and back. [19] [20] On August 24, the locomotive took a visit to the Steamtown National Historic Site and operated their round-trip excursion from Scranton, Pennsylvania, to Portland, Pennsylvania, on September 5 and 7 during Steamtown's 2015 "Railfest". [19]

On September 12 & 13, 4501 ran an excursion from Chattanooga to Cleveland during TVRM's 2015 "Railfest". [21] On September 26 & 27, the locomotive pulled the "Nancy Hanks Special" excursion from Macon, Georgia, to Tennille, Georgia. [21] [22]

"Fire Up 611!"

On February 22, 2013, the Virginia Museum of Transportation in Roanoke began looking at the feasibility of restoring No. 611, leading to speculations if the locomotive would join the program. [23]

The 611 on a fan trip in April 1992 near Valdosta, Georgia Norfolk and Western 611.jpg
The 611 on a fan trip in April 1992 near Valdosta, Georgia

On June 28, 2013, museum officials said that they would restore 611 if they could raise enough money from people all over the world. [24] The needed work includes repairing the engine truck, preparing a tool car and an auxiliary water tender, applying new safety appliances such as in-cab signals and an event recorder, installing new flues, boiler work, and hydro and fire testing, as well as test runs, inspection, and repairs of the tender, running gears, and air brakes. [24]

NS officials said that if the money could be obtained by October 31, 2013, 611 would join their 21st Century Steam program. [25] A Norfolk Southern spokesman said, “If her supporters bring No. 611 back to life, NS will be eager and excited to this incredible part of rail history to join the 21st Century Steam Program....The return of 611 would represent a great opportunity to celebrate our heritage while educating a new generation about the critical role railroads play in today’s economy." [26] As of late October 2013, the Fire UP 611! committee had enough money to restore the locomotive but fell short of their October 31 goal of $3 million needed to also build a facility where the restoration could take place. [27] Rather than call the restoration off, the Committee decided to keep working to raise the remaining funds needed for the restoration.

On April 16, 2015, Norfolk Southern officially announced that 611 would be used to power several excursion trains during the 2015 season. [28]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Railway (U.S.)</span> Defunct United States railroad

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Railway 4501</span> Preserved American Ms class 2-8-2 steam locomotive

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Railway 722</span> Preserved American 2-8-0 locomotive (SOU Ks1 class)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atlanta and West Point 290</span> Preserved American 4-6-2 locomotive

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norfolk and Western 611</span> Preserved American 4-8-4 steam locomotive based in Virginia

Norfolk and Western 611, also known as the "Spirit of Roanoke" and the "Queen of Steam", is the only surviving example of Norfolk and Western's (N&W) class J 4-8-4 type "Northern" streamlined steam locomotives. Built in May 1950 at N&W's Roanoke Shops in Roanoke, Virginia, it was one of the last mainline passenger steam locomotives built in the United States and represents one of the pinnacles of American steam locomotive technology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nickel Plate Road 759</span> Preserved NKP S-2 class 2-8-4 locomotive

Nickel Plate Road 759 is a class "S-2" 2-8-4 "Berkshire" type steam locomotive built in 1944 by the Lima Locomotive Works in Lima, Ohio as a member of the S-2 class for the New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad, commonly referred to as the "Nickel Plate Road". Built as a fast freight locomotive, No. 759 served the Nickel Plate until being retired in 1959 and placed into storage. In 1965, No. 759 was purchased by F. Nelson Blount for display in his Steamtown, U.S.A. collection in North Walpole, New Hampshire. The locomotive was restored to operating condition in 1967 by New York commodity broker Ross Rowland for use in hauling his Golden Spike Centennial Limited, a special commemorative train that celebrated the 100th anniversary of the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1969. Afterwards, No. 759 pulled numerous excursions for Ross Rowland and Steamtown until being retired once more and placed back on display in 1977. As of 2023, the locomotive remains on static display at the Steamtown National Historic Site in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and sibling engine No. 765 continues to operate in mainline excursion service.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tennessee Valley Railroad 610</span> Class of 1 post-WWII American Army 2-8-0 locomotive

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The Fort Wayne Railroad Historical Society (FWRHS) is a non-profit group in New Haven, Indiana that is dedicated to the restoration and operation of the ex-Nickel Plate Railroad's steam locomotive no. 765 and other vintage railroad equipment. Since restoration, the 765 was added to the National Register of Historic Places as no. 96001010 on September 12, 1996 and has operated excursion trains across the Eastern United States. In 2012, the FWRHS's steam locomotive no. 765 was added to the Norfolk Southern's 21st Century Steam program.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chesapeake and Ohio 2716</span> Preserved American 2-8-4 locomotive (C&O K-4 class)

Chesapeake and Ohio Railway 2716 is a class "K-4" 2-8-4 "Kanawha" (Berkshire) type steam locomotive built in 1943 by the American Locomotive Company (ALCO) for the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O). While most railroads referred to these 2-8-4 type locomotives as Berkshires, the C&O referred to them as Kanawhas after the Kanawha River, which flows through West Virginia. Used as a dual service locomotive, No. 2716 and its classmates served the C&O in a variety of duties until being retired from revenue service in 1956.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cedar train wreck</span> 1956 train wreck in Cedar, West Virginia

The Cedar train wreck occurred on the night of January 23, 1956, when the Norfolk and Western (N&W) Pocahontas passenger train derailed at more than 50 mph (80 km/h) along the Tug River near Cedar, West Virginia. The accident killed the engineer and injured 51 passengers and nine crew members. It was the last major wreck of a steam-powered revenue passenger train in the United States.

References

  1. ↑ "Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum". Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 Craft, John. "Locomotives Used on Southern Railway Steam Specials, NS Steam Specials, and operated on SR/N&W/NS 1964-1994" (PDF). HawkinsRails.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 4, 2011. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
  3. ↑ Wrinn 2000 , p. 100.
  4. ↑ "Norfolk Southern plans to end nostalgic steam locomotive program". The Washington Post. October 29, 1994. Archived from the original on November 30, 2016. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  5. 1 2 Cooper, Beth (September–October 2011). "Rollin' out Again" (PDF). BizNS. Norfolk Southern. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  6. ↑ "Plans Call for Steam to Ride the Norfolk Southern Rails Again, Through Display and Excursion Program with TVRM". PR Newswire. Archived from the original on 30 January 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  7. ↑ "Southern Rwy #630". WVNC Rails. Archived from the original on January 21, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  8. ↑ "Equipment". Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum. Archived from the original on August 1, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  9. ↑ "'21st Century Steam' Launches Labor Day Weekend". PR Newswire. August 19, 2011. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
  10. ↑ Payne, Jeaneane. "21st Century Steam Excursion Train Trip Scheduled for Knoxville to Chattanooga". Knoxville Daily Sun. Knoxville Daily Sun. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Norfolk Southern Steam Specials – Summer 2012 21st Century Steam & 30th Anniversary Employee Specials". RailServe.com. Archived from the original on October 9, 2012. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Norfolk Southern Steam Specials – 2013 Schedule 21st Century Steam Public Excursions & Employee Specials". RailServe.com. Archived from the original on August 4, 2013. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  13. 1 2 "All Aboard Fort Wayne". August 16, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-08-27. Retrieved August 16, 2013.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Norfolk Southern announces 2014 schedule of 21st Century Steam excursions". Norfolk Southern. April 4, 2014. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  15. ↑ Malott, Paige (July 11, 2014). "All Aboard the New Palm Royal". Cincinnati Refined. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  16. ↑ "Upcoming Events". Virginia Museum of Transportation. Archived from the original on April 18, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  17. 1 2 "21st Century Steam". Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum. Archived from the original on June 14, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
  18. 1 2 "Norfolk Southern features No. 765 in 2015 excursion season". Fort Wayne Railroad Historical Society. 2015. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  19. 1 2 "Norfolk Southern 21st Century Steam Specials 2015 Steam Train Excursion Schedule". RailServe.com. Archived from the original on October 31, 2015. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  20. ↑ Tatu, Christina (August 18, 2015). "All aboard: Historic locomotive to roll into Allentown this weekend". The Morning Call. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  21. 1 2 "21st Century Steam". Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum. Archived from the original on June 14, 2015. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  22. ↑ Timmerman, Jeremy (September 27, 2015). "Nancy Hanks steam engine in Macon draws passengers, spectators of all ages". Macon.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  23. ↑ Garner, Valerie. "Norfolk & Western Class J 611 restoration and excursion". Roanoke Free Press. Roanoke Free Press. Archived from the original on 4 June 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  24. 1 2 "Restoration of Norfolk & Western Railway Class J 611 Study Findings & Report". Fire Up 611!. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  25. ↑ "Norfolk & Western Class J No. 611 will steam again – if the money is there". June 28, 2013. Retrieved June 28, 2013.
  26. ↑ Virginia Museum of Transportation. "The Virginia Museum of Transportation announces its intention to return America's iconic Norfolk & Western Class J 611 Steam Locomotive to excursion service". MarketWatch. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  27. ↑ Allen, Mike (October 26, 2013). "Far short of original goal, 'Fire Up 611!' locomotive campaign to continue". Roanoke Times. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
  28. ↑ "Class J 611 homecoming to kick off Norfolk Southern 21st Century Steam excursions". Norfolk Southern. April 16, 2015. Archived from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2017.

Bibliography

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