Acacia denticulosa, commonly known as sandpaper wattle,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spindly shrub with irregularly oval, prominently veined phyllodes, spikes of golden yellow flowers and straight or slightly curved pods.
Sandpaper wattle grows as a spindly shrub with an open habit from 1 to 4m (3.3 to 13.1ft) high and 3m (9.8ft) wide.[4] Young stems are rough and warty, as are the dark green phyllodes.[5] Like other wattles, its leaf-like structures are actually enlarged and flattened petioles known as phyllodes.[4] These are irregularly oval in shape, 5–9cm (2.0–3.5in) long and 3.5–7.5cm (1.4–3.0in) wide and prominently veined.[5] Flowering occurs over September and October,[3] the prominent cylindrical golden flower spikes are 3–8cm long and arise from the leaf axis.[4] These are followed by straight or slightly curved seedpods that are up to 75mm (3.0in) long and 3.0–4.5mm (0.12–0.18in) wide. They have prominent swellings along them that mark where the seeds are. The seeds themselves are a shiny brownish black and 3.5–4.0mm (0.14–0.16in) long.[5][6][7]
Taxonomy
Acacia denticulosa was first formally described in 1876 by Victorian Government Botanist Ferdinand von Mueller based on plant material collected from the vicinity of Mount Churchman by Jess Young.[8] The population at this location is now extinct following extended drought.[1] The specific epithet (denticulosa) means 'abounding in small teeth' referring to the small teeth along the phyllode margins.[9][10] Queensland botanist Les Pedley reclassified the species as Racosperma denticulosum in 2003, in his proposal to reclassify almost all Australian members of the genus into the new genus Racosperma,[11] however this name is treated as a synonym of its original name.[8]
Distribution and habitat
Sandpaper wattle is found in eight scattered populations over a range of 180km (110mi) in the Merredin district in the Western Australian Wheatbelt northeast of Perth, over an area roughly bounded by Nungarin in the south, Wongan Hills in the west and east of Mount Churchman in the east.[1] It generally grows on or near granite outcrops, and occasionally on sandplains, or a range of soils such as silt, clay, loam or sand.[5]
It is listed as vulnerable under both Western Australian and Federal legislation.[1] Key threats include continuing land clearance in its vicinity, altered hydrology and extended drought. Local invasive weeds that may directly impact on it include bridal creeper (Asparagus asparagoides), saffron thistle (Carthamus lanatus) and cape tulip (Moraea flaccida).[12]
Use in horticulture
Sandpaper wattle has horticultural features including its unusual leaves and bright flowers. It is also bird-attracting. All wattles are legumes and hence fix nitrogen in the soil. Readily grown from seed, it is fast growing and can flower within the first year. Flowering can last until early summer in cultivation. It requires a sunny aspect and good drainage, though might not adapt well to areas with humid summers.[4]
↑ Maslin, Bruce R.; Cowan, Richard S.; Kodela, Phillip G. "Acacia denticulosa". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. Retrieved 5 September 2025.
↑ "Acacia denticulosa". Australian Biological Resources Study. Retrieved 5 September 2025.
↑ George, Alex S.; Sharr, Francis A. (2023). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings - A Glossary (fifthed.). Kardinya: Four Gables Press. p.183. ISBN9780645629538.
↑ Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (1985). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Vol. 2. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p.41. ISBN978-0-85091-143-5.
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