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| Academic grading |
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| Africa |
| North America |
| South America |
| Asia |
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This article is about the grades that are used in Sweden.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(July 2010) |
| Academic grading |
|---|
| Africa |
| North America |
| South America |
| Asia |
| Europe |
|
| Oceania |
This article is about the grades that are used in Sweden.
In the Swedish grundskola [Kindergarten – Ninth grade] (primary/elementary and secondary/high school, officially called "compulsory school" by Skolverket), students are currently (December 2012) graded from the sixth grade and onward. Students can be graded:
If a student has not attended enough classes (e.g. due to sickness, late start, truancy), they will instead be marked with an *-, that gives the same points (0p) as an *F, despite not being an actual grade.
A reform came into full effect from the beginning of the autumn semester in 2011 which graded students from the sixth grade, and the grade is more similar to the system of the upper secondary school ( gymnasium ), with grades F-A. According to Skolverket, the change is due to a lot of students (~10 %) failing in courses in Swedish, Swedish as a second language, English or mathematics in the 9th year. [1]
In the gymnasium (three-year pre-university course, similar to the UK sixth form college, officially called "upper secondary school" by Skolverket, despite there being no such thing as a "lower secondary school"), the same grading system as the primary school was used until 2011, when it was changed to a six-degree system A–F (A being the highest and F for having failed). [2] Grades are assigned based on individual achievements rather than relative performance. Formally, the grade should reflect the degree of attainment of stated learning outcomes and objectives.
Average grades are used for entrance to a specific program of courses in the gymnasium, or to higher educational institutes such as universities. To numerically determine an average grade for a student, every subject grade corresponds to a certain number of points.
| Grade | Points |
|---|---|
| A | 20 |
| B | 17.5 |
| C | 15 |
| D | 12.5 |
| E | 10 |
| F | <10 |
This can be shown by the grade forms below;
[Bild] Picture & Art= B (17.5)
[Engelska] English= A (20)
[Hemkunskap] Home economics= C (15)
[Idrott] Physical education= B (17.5)
[Matematik] Math= A (20)
[Musik] Music= D (12.5)
[Biologi] Biology= B (17.5)
[Fysik] Physics= A (20)
[Kemi] Chemistry= C (15)
[Historia] History= B (17.5)
[Samhällskunskap] Social studies= A (20)
[Religionskunskap] Religious knowledge= A (20)
[Geografi] Geography= B (17.5)
[Träslöjd/Textilslöjd] Wood work/Needle work= E (10)
[Svenska/Svenska som andraspråk] Swedish/Swedish as a second language= A (20)
[Moderna språk] Foreign languages (French, Spanish, German, Chinese)= B (17.5)
Which gives a sum of 277.5 points, or an average point of 17.34, which symbolizes the grade of a C, even if you could place it as a weak B (B-), when a B is represented of a grade point of 17.5 or higher. When this grade isn't really that much the grade is counted as the grade below, in this case a C, which is represented by 15 points or higher.
If the student has parents from, or was born in a foreign country, they have the right to get education in their native language and also gets a valid grade in that language. Because you can only file 16 grades this gives the student the opportunity to choose which subject not to count, possibly the worst. Depending on schools the students can study another subject (Technics, Languages etc.), where the same procedure is used to file only the allowed 16 grades.
From 1996 to the end of the 2011 academic year, grades ranged from "IG", "G", "VG", to "MVG" ("IG" being failed). The grading scale was changed by the secondary school reforms of 2011 from the start of the 2011 autumn semester, primarily to make the distinction of grades clearer and to make the grading of students fairer. [2] The IG-MVG system was translated into a numerical GPA like number for application purposes etc., where MVG equalled 20.0, VG 15.0, G 10.0 and IG 0 and the highest achievable GPA thus being 20.0. This system is still (2019) in use for students who started their secondary school with these grades.
Until 1996 relative grades on the scale 1–5 were used, with 5 being the highest grade. The scale was intended to follow a normal distribution on a national level, with a mean of 3 and a standard deviation of 1.
Up until 1962 yet another scale was used:
Though unused for over 40 years, this scale retains some cultural significance, and the standard law school grading scale used today is based on it (see below).
On university level the following standard grading scale has been defined:
As long as relative grading is not used, however, individual universities may choose to use any other scale. For example, in the fields of engineering and technology, the passing grades of VG and G are commonly replaced with 5, 4 and 3, whereas law schools consistently employ a scale of AB, Ba and B as passing grades. Further, a number of universities are currently in the process of transitioning to an ECTS based scale, with an A to F grading, pursuant to the Bologna process. Many universities (e.g. KTH and Stockholm University) finished the transition process in 2007 or 2008.
Prior to transitioning to the Bologna Process, the private university Stockholm School of Economics (Sw. Handelshögskolan i Stockholm) adopted its own grading scale:
where B corresponded to a >=85% score, MBG >= 70% and G >= 50%.
After spring 2016 all new students enrolled at the Stockholm School of Economics follow a new grading scale:
Education in Sweden is mandatory for children between ages 5/6 and 15/16 depending on when on the year they were born. The school year in Sweden runs from mid–late August to early/mid–June. The Christmas holiday from mid–December to early January divides the Swedish school year into two terms.
Studentexamen, earlier also mogenhetsexamen was the name of the university entrance examination in Sweden from the 17th century to 1968. From 1862 to 1968, it was taken as a final written and oral exam on graduation from gymnasium. In Finland the examination still exists. The exam traces its origin to the academic statutes from 1655 requiring the dean to examine students arriving at university before allowing matriculation. According to the school reglement of 1693, a prospective student was to have gone through both a final examination at school and an entrance examination at university. The school reglement of 1724 allowed students without a final examination from school to enroll at university, provided a person known at the university would guarantee their behaviour, which led to it becoming common for students from wealthy families to be matriculated at a very young age, accompanied by a private tutor. Although these were not actually supposed to be allowed to graduate, this rule was not always strictly upheld.
Sixth grade is the sixth year of schooling. Students are typically 11–12 years old, depending on when their birthday occurs. Different terms and numbers are used in parts of the world. It is commonly the first or second grade of middle school, and the sixth school year since kindergarten.
Education in Poland is compulsory; every child must receive education from when they are 7 years old until they are 18 years old. It is also mandatory for 6-year-old children to receive one year of kindergarten education, before starting primary school at 7 years old. Primary school lasts eight years, and students must take a final exam at the end of the eighth grade. After graduating from primary school, people typically go on to attend secondary school, which lasts 4 or 5 years. They can also choose to educate themselves towards a specific profession or trade, and receive work experience and qualifications through apprenticeships. After graduating from secondary school and passing the final exam, called the matura, one can pursue a higher education at a university, college, etc.
Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary education. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes nine levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system. UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages.
Starting in September 2018, 12-year secondary education will replace 11-year which was mandatory before that. As a rule, schooling begins at the age of 6, unless your birthday is on or after 1 September. In 2016/17 the number of students in primary and secondary school reached 3,846,000, in vocational school 285,800, and in higher education 1,586,700 students. According to 2017 EduConf speech of the Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine, Liliya Hrynevych, the amount of budget financing for the sphere of education will reach about UAH 53 billion in 2017.
Academic grading in Canada varies by province, level of education, by institution, and faculty. The following are commonly used conversions from percentage grades to letter grades, however, this is not necessarily meaningful, since there is not a uniform scheme for assigning percentage grades either.
This is an article on the grading that is used in Finland. Several systems are in use in different educational institutions in Finland.
Germany uses a 5- or 6-point grading scale (GPA) to evaluate academic performance for the youngest to the oldest students. Grades vary from 1 to 5. In the final classes of German Gymnasium schools that prepare for university studies, a point system is used with 15 points being the best grade and 0 points the worst. The percentage causing the grade can vary from teacher to teacher.
Education in Belarus is free at all levels except for higher education. The government ministry that oversees the running of the school systems is the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus. Each of the regions inside Belarus has oversight of the education system, and students may attend either a public (state) or a private school. The current structure of the educational system was established by decree in 1994. The education system is also based on The Education Code of the Republic of Belarus and other educational standards.
This is an article about the grading used below degree level in most of the United Kingdom. The entire United Kingdom does not use the same grading scheme. For a degree level, see British undergraduate degree classification.
Singapore's grading system in schools is differentiated by the existence of many types of institutions with different education foci and systems. The grading systems that are used at Primary, Secondary, and Junior College levels are the most fundamental to the local education system.
Education in Gabon is largely based on the French educational system. On the federal level, it is regulated by two Ministries: the Ministry of Education, which is in charge of Pre-school through to High School, and the Ministry of Higher Education and Innovative Technologies, which is in charge of universities and professional schools.
The Swedish National Agency for Education is a Government agency in Sweden that oversees the Swedish public school system for children and adults.
There are four grading systems in Greece – four different GPA – one for higher education, one for secondary education, and two for primary education.
In Romanian primary schools, a 4-point grading scale is used:
Serbia inherited the academic grading system of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The grading process uses an absolute achievement scale to determine the grade of a student.
Education in Belgium is organised on the level of the three communities.
This is a list of grading systems used by countries of the world, primarily within the fields of secondary education and university education, organized by continent with links to specifics in numerous entries.