| Aceria fraxini | |
|---|---|
 | |
| galls on a leaf, upperside | |
 | |
| galls on a leaf, underside | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Family: | Eriophyidae |
| Genus: | Aceria |
| Species: | A. fraxini |
| Binomial name | |
| Aceria fraxini (Garman, 1883) | |
Aceria fraxini, the ash bead gall mite, is a species of mites in the family Eriophyidae, the gall mites. [1] [2]
Range is North America, including southern Canada and most of the continental United States. [2]
Mites form numerous capsule galls, greenish-yellow in color, between leaf veins of Ash trees in the genus Fraxinus , including Fraxinus americana , Fraxinus latifolia , Fraxinus nigra , and Fraxinus pennsylvanica . [3] [4] The mites stay in the galls until late summer when host leaves mature. [5] : 50
The life cycle is a form of alternation of generations. An over-wintering generation consists only of females called deutogynes. The other generation consists of both sexes: females called protogynes as well as males. [5] : 6
Fraxinus, commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous trees, although some subtropical species are evergreen trees. The genus is widespread throughout much of Europe, Asia, and North America.
Fraxinus excelsior, known as the ash, or European ash or common ash to distinguish it from other types of ash, is a flowering plant species in the olive family Oleaceae. It is native throughout mainland Europe east to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains, and Great Britain and Ireland, the latter determining its western boundary. The northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway. The species is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalised in New Zealand and in scattered locales in the United States and Canada.
Acer negundo, the box elder, boxelder maple, Manitoba maple or ash-leaved maple, is a species of maple native to North America. It is a fast-growing, short-lived tree with opposite, compound leaves. It is sometimes considered a weedy or invasive species, and has been introduced to and naturalized throughout much of the world, including in South America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, much of Europe, and parts of Asia.
Eriophyidae is a family of more than 200 genera of mites, which live as plant parasites, commonly causing galls or other damage to the plant tissues and hence known as gall mites. About 3,600 species have been described, but this is probably less than 10% of the actual number existing in this poorly researched family. They are microscopic mites and are yellow to pinkish white to purplish in color. The mites are worm like, and have only two pairs of legs. Their primary method of population spread is by wind. They affect a wide range of plants, and several are major pest species causing substantial economic damage to crops. Some species, however, are used as biological agents to control weeds and invasive plant species.
Aceria chondrillae is a gall-forming deuterogynous eriophyid mite. It is often used as a biological control of the noxious weed Chondrilla juncea, a highly competitive herbaceous perennial composite found in Europe, Asia, Australia and North America.
Aceria malherbae is a species of gall mite known as the bindweed gall mite. It is used as an agent of biological pest control on invasive species of bindweed, particularly field bindweed.
Salicornia quinqueflora, synonym Sarcocornia quinqueflora, commonly known as beaded samphire, bead weed, beaded glasswort or glasswort, is a species of succulent halophytic coastal shrub. It occurs in wetter coastal areas of Australia and New Zealand.
Ambrosia chenopodiifolia is a species of ragweed known by the common names San Diego bursage and San Diego bur ragweed. It is native to the Mexican states of Baja California and Baja California Sur, as well as to Orange and San Diego Counties it int US State of California. It is a member of the coastal sage scrub plant community.
Aceria is a genus of mites belonging to the family Eriophyidae, the gall mites. These tiny animals are parasites of plants. Several species can cause blistering and galls, including erineum galls. A few are economically significant pests, while others are useful as agents of biological pest control of invasive plants such as rush skeletonweed, creeping thistle, and field bindweed.
Aceria anthocoptes, also known as the russet mite, rust mite, thistle mite or the Canada thistle mite, is a species of mite that belongs to the family Eriophyidae. It was first described by Alfred Nalepa in 1892.
Aceria fraxinivora, also known as the cauliflower gall mite and the ash key gall, causes the growths, known as galls, found on the hanging seeds or "keys" of the ash (Fraxinus) species.
CandidatusPhytoplasma fraxini is a species of phytoplasma, a specialized group of bacteria which lack a cell wall and attack the phloem of plants. This phytoplasma causes the diseases ash yellows and lilac witches' broom.
Psyllopsis fraxini is a psyllid which lives within a gall on ash.
Eriophyes tulipae, commonly known as the dry bulb mite, is a species of mite in the genus Eriophyes. This mite feeds on members of the lily family, and has damaged garlic crops. At one time, it was also thought to feed on wheat and other grasses, but the wheat curl mite is now regarded as a different species, Aceria tosichella.
Dasineura fraxini is a gall midge which forms galls on the leaves and petioles of ash. It was first described by Johann Jacob Bremi-Wolf in 1847.
Aceria nervisequa is a species of mite that belongs to the family Eriophyidae. It is found in Europe and was first described by Giovanni Canestrini in 1891. The mite causes galls on the leaves of beech,
Aceria elongata, the crimson erineum mite, is a species of eriophyid mite. This microscopic organism induces erineum galls on the upper leaf surfaces of sugar maple, and is known from the east coast of United States and Canada.
Aceria campestricola, is a species of mite in the family Eriophyidae. The mite causes galls on the leaves of elms and was described by Georg Ritter von Frauenfeld in 1865.
Aceria fraxiniflora, the ash flower gall mite, is a species of gall mite that produces galls on ash trees. The male flowers of ash are greatly distorted by the mites, which results in a highly disfigured and disorganized gall that remains yellow or green, and later dries and turns brown. However, there is little evidence that this injury has a substantial impact on the ash plant's health.
Aceria brachytarsus, formerly Eriophyes brachytarsus, also known as the pouch gall mite or the walnut purse gall mite, is an eriophyoid mite that produces leaf-pouch galls on various species of walnut trees including Juglans californica. The gall produced by this mite initially looks like a bladder gall. This gall has been observed in California, Iran, and Spain.
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