| Alcaligenaceae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bordetella bronchiseptica | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Betaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Burkholderiales |
| Family: | Alcaligenaceae De Ley et al., 1986 [1] |
| Genera [2] [3] | |
| |
The Alcaligenaceae are a family of bacteria, included in the order Burkholderiales. Members are found in water, soil, humans, and other animals. [4] Some species, like Bordetella , are pathogenic for humans and for some other animals. [4]
Pseudomonadota is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. The renaming of phyla in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature. The phylum Proteobacteria includes a wide variety of pathogenic genera, such as Escherichia, Salmonella, Vibrio, Yersinia, Legionella, and many others. Others are free-living (nonparasitic) and include many of the bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation.
Bordetella is a genus of small, Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. Bordetella species, with the exception of B. petrii, are obligate aerobes, as well as highly fastidious, or difficult to culture. All species can infect humans. The first three species to be described ; are sometimes referred to as the 'classical species'. Two of these are also motile.
The Burkholderiales are an order of Pseudomonadota. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are Gram-negative. They include several pathogenic bacteria, including species of Burkholderia, Bordetella, and Ralstonia. They also include Oxalobacter and related genera, which are unusual in using oxalic acid as their source of carbon. Other well-studied genera include Alcaligenes, Cupriavidus, Achromobacter, Comamonas, Delftia, Massilia, Duganella, Janthinobacterium, Polynucleobacter, non-pathogenic Paraburkholderia, Caballeronia, Polaromonas, Thiomonas, Collimonas, Hydrogenophaga, Sphaerotilus, Variovorax, Acidovorax, Rubrivivax and Rhodoferax, and Herbaspirillum.
Bacteroidales is an order of bacteria. Notably it includes the genera Prevotella and Bacteroides, which are commonly found in the human gut microbiota.
The class Flavobacteriia is composed of a single order of environmental bacteria. According to Bernardet et al., Flavobacteriia are Gram-negative aerobic rods, 2–5 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide, with rounded or tapered ends that are motile by gliding, yellow colonies on agar, decompose several polysaccharides but not cellulose, G+C contents of 32–37%, and are widely distributed in soil and fresh and seawater habitats. In particular, Flavobacteriia are prominent members of marine biofilms. The type species Flavobacterium aquatile was isolated from a well in Kent, England.
Sphingobacteriia is a taxonomic class composed of a single order of environmental bacteria that are capable of producing sphingolipids. The earlier name Sphingibacteria was changed in 2011.
Alkalibacter is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, strictly anaerobic and non-motile bacterial genus from the family of Carnobacteriaceae, with one known species.
Bordetella petrii is a bacterium of the genus Bordetella isolated from different habitats, including humans. B. petrii has the ability to grow under aerobic conditions and adapt to different environmental conditions. The complete genome of B. petrii has been sequenced.
Bordetella trematum is a species of Gram-negative bacteria identified in 1996 by comparison of 10 strains of B. trematum against other well characterized Bordetella and Alcaligenes species. The term trema refers to something pierced or penetrated, or to a gap. "Trematum" pertains to open things, and refers to the presence of bacteria in wounds and other exposed parts of the body. Strain LMG 13506T is the reference strain for this species.
Derxia is a genus of Gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the family of Alcaligenaceae.
Psychrobacter immobilis is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, psychrotrophic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter which was isolated from cheese, fish, and processed meat and poultry products.
Bartonella vinsonii is a gram-negative bacteria from the genus Bartonella which was isolated from dogs Rochalimaea vinsonii was reclassified to Bartonella vinsonii. B. vinsonii contains three validly published subspecies B. vinsonii subsp. arupensis, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, and B. vinsonii subsp. vinsonii, and one effectively published B. vinsonii subsp. yucatanensis. B. vinsonii subsp. vinsonii has been isolated from voles and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhofli was isolated from a dog with endocarditis. B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii can cause diseases in humans. Those two subspecies are named after J. William Vinson and Herman A. Berkhoff.
Hyphomicrobium is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria from the family of Hyphomicrobiaceae. It has a large polar or sub-polar filiform prostheca very similar to that of Caulobacter. In addition to having a nutritional function, the prostheca also plays a role in the initiation of DNA replication.
Ancylobacter is a genus of aerobic bacteria from the family of Xanthobacteraceae.
Labrys is a genus of bacteria from the family Xanthobacteraceae.
Xanthobacter is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria from the family Xanthobacteraceae.
The Lachnospiraceae are a family of obligately anaerobic, variably spore-forming bacteria in the order Eubacteriales that ferment diverse plant polysaccharides to short-chain fatty acids and alcohols (ethanol). These bacteria are among the most abundant taxa in the rumen and the human gut microbiota. Members of this family may protect against colon cancer in humans by producing butyric acid. Lachnospiraceae have been found to contribute to diabetes in genetically susceptible (ob/ob) germ-free mice.
Methylohalobius is a bacterial genus from the family of Methylococcaceae.
The Syntrophomonadaceae are a family of anaerobic bacteria in the order of Clostridiales. As a source of energy, these organisms uses carboxylic acids.
Phenylobacterium is a Gram negative, strictly aerobic non-motile and bacterial genus from the family of Caulobacteraceae which can grow on chloridazon–mineral salts.
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