Early years, education, military

Tatangelo was the second of five children born to Nocolo and Bettina Tatangelo, Italian immigrants who moved to Providence in 1910, with hopes of providing a better life for their children. Aldo was born in the predominantly Italian neighborhood known as Federal Hill. As a youth, he was an amateur boxer. In Laredo, he closely followed the careers of the city's best known professional boxers, the brothers Gaby and Orlando Canizales. In 1917, Nocolo Tatangelo established a jewelry manufacturing plant which became Standard Ring and Company. Tatangelo left high school at the age of sixteen to work at his father's company. "This was the time of the Great Depression, and my father needed help; so I went to work with him and enrolled at night school," Tatangelo said in a 2002 interview with his hometown newspaper, the Laredo Morning Times . He finished high school, studied plastic engineering, and graduated with a degree from Bryant and Stratton College in Buffalo, New York. ^[2]

Tatangelo continued to work for his father until 1943, when he enlisted in the United States Navy. He was a fireman first class in the naval supply department. That same year, Tatangelo married the former Alice Natali DeLong (November 8, 1921 – March 17, 2001). She was a 22-year-old employee of his father's company when they wed. The marriage lasted for fifty-seven years until her death. ^[2]

Manufacturing sunglasses

After his military service ended in 1945, Tatangelo established his own sunglasses factory, Atlantic Optical Products in Providence. "I only had $380 in my pocket, but I wanted to start my own business; so I did," Tatangelo explained in the interview with Diana De La Garza of the Laredo Morning Times on the occasion of his 89th birthday. Within two years, his company grew to 168 employees and produced an average of 5,000 sunglasses daily. Atlantic Optical was at the time the second largest manufacturer of sunglasses in the country. In 1949, Tatangelo opened a branch in Mexico City with a Mexican associate and moved to Mexico to supervise the company. When he determined that his partner would not share the authority over the company, Tatangelo sold his part of the business. ^[2]

Relocating to Laredo

Tatangelo's mother died in 1963, and he decided to move his family from Mexico back to the United States. "I had always felt like a foreigner in Mexico. I liked the city, but I didn't think it was a place for my children to grow up in," Tatangelo told the Laredo Morning Times. Tatangelo sought a border city to establish businesses on both sides of the Rio Grande. He considered Brownsville in Cameron County and Eagle Pass in Maverick County but instead chose Laredo, some 150 miles (240 km) south of San Antonio and 310 miles (500 km) west of Houston. ^[2]

In Laredo, he established a jewelry manufacturing plant and went into business with an instructor from Laredo Community College, then known as Laredo Junior College. The partnership ended, as Tatangelo established his family-owned Frontier Novelty Company. He also established a plant in Nuevo Laredo, on the Mexican side of the Rio Grande, to assemble jewelry and optical products. He has long been a booster of border issues. He was friendly with Nuevo Laredo mayors and a fan of the Tecolotes baseball team there. ^[2]

Interest in local politics

After several years in Laredo, Tatangelo became active in local politics. He considered himself a Democrat, but, as an independent businessman, he was more pragmatic than partisan. "I had a summer house in Zapata (also Zapata County) and learned that they had a fire station manned by volunteers. I thought we could have that in Laredo," he told The Laredo Morning Times. He recruited thirty-nine volunteers, and in 1973, a fire station was built on Del Mar Boulevard across from St. Patrick's Catholic Church. ^[2]

In the middle to late 1970s, some 75 percent of Laredo's streets were still unpaved, and Tatangelo challenged the established order that permitted a low standard of achievement. Tatangelo said that Cranston, Rhode Island, a city with which he was familiar because his last surviving sibling, Gilda T. Merolla, resides there, had at that time a population comparable to that of Laredo. Cranston had all paved streets and a $1 million budget. Laredo had a $3 million budget with miles and miles of dirt, dusty roads. Cranston also had to earmark funds for snow and ice clearance, an expense that did not apply to Laredo, with its semiarid climate. ^[2]

Tatangelo attended Laredo City Council meetings and asked Mayor Martin why Laredo had so few paved streets, considering that it had three times the budget of Cranston. Martin, an ally of U.S. Senator and then U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, replied that Laredo was "a poor city." Tatangelo then proposed to donate $6,500 to purchase paving equipment that city employees could use. The mayor and the council rejected Tatangelo's proposal. Tatangelo persisted and, for a full year, he attended every council meeting to discuss street paving. The council eventually agreed to a paving experiment in a six-block area of the San Ignacio neighborhood. ^{[2] [3]}

Tatangelo, meanwhile, decided to run for mayor to challenge the status quo, or the so-called "Old Party" or the "patron system" or the "Independent Club", by which voters defer to one or two usually elected officials in the community with the expectation that those individuals will provide personal favors when needed. The Laredo leadership claimed that citizens preferred the patron system so that major political decisions would be handled on their behalf by trusted officials. Fernando Pinon, a former Laredo Morning Times editor, wrote a book Patron Democracy, about this peculiar phenomenon. He told The Laredo Morning Times: "I would go to the city council meeting, and nobody would pay attention to me. I said, 'Maybe I should be inside, instead of outside looking in.'" ^[2]

"Laredo was such a closed city. There was a clique, and if you were part of it, you were O.K., but if you weren't, then things were not so good," said Tatangelo. Martin always used the excuse of poverty in Laredo, but, Tatangelo challenged him: "I thought Laredo was a rich city that could do a lot of things."

Election as mayor, 1978

In November 1977, Martin, under investigation for wrongdoing in office, announced that he would not seek a seventh term as mayor in the municipal elections set for April 1978. Tatangelo entered the six-candidate nonpartisan race with confidence. (All Texas mayors and city council members are elected without party labels on the ballot.) He visited 10,100 homes and lost 25 pounds in the campaign. Tatangelo easily won the election, which, according to Tatangelo, represented "a new beginning ... a new administration, with new ideas, new things to do. The rest, as you know, is history." ^[6]

Many were surprised that for a dozen years the Laredo mayor was an Italian-American from Rhode Island. He spoke Spanish but slowly and with an Italian accent. He became so popular with the common people of Laredo that many began naming children "Aldo" in his honor. His platform of paving streets, improving city services, and working with neighboring Nuevo Laredo even drew the attention of The New York Times in a 1985 story highlighting Tatangelo's plans to run, successfully as it developed, for a third term as mayor in 1986. ^[7]

In his three terms in office, Tatangelo made many changes. He believed that Laredo was a "great city" that could prosper. Tatangelo said that his election brought change, but he could not have succeeded without the help of his fellow citizens.

In addition to the (1) street paving, Tatangelo is credited with (2) establishing a pension plan for city employees, (3) reorganizing the city street department, (4) developing a parks and recreation department, (5) creating a planning and zoning commission, and (6) promoting affordable housing for low-income families. He considered the employee pensions the most important of his contributions to public affairs.

In the spring of 1978, CBS News reported on the surprising developments in Laredo in a half-hour prime time CBS Reports narrated by Bill Moyers. The documentary details many of the scandals in the Martin administration, including the looting of taxpayers through fraudulent purchase orders, particularly for vehicle batteries. A month after the election, Martin was indicted by a federal grand jury on one count of mail fraud and was ordered to pay a $1,000 fine and $201,118 to the city in restitution. He was sentenced to serve thirty weekends in the Webb County Jail. Critics said the lenient sentence had made Laredo the laughingstock of Texas. ^[3]

A change in city charters

When Tatangelo was elected, he was the "executive" to the "legislative" council. In 1979, as a result of the Martin scandals, which some attributed to weaknesses in the strong mayoral form of government that had existed in Laredo for more than eighty years, the city council authorized a new city charter, which established a city manager. The change in government took effect with the municipal elections held in the spring of 1982. ^[8]

A citizens panel drafted the charter, which is similar to that used in other cities but uniquely adapted to Laredo's needs. The charter provided for a professional manager to be appointed by the 8-member city council. The manager acts as the day-to-day "executive" authority, but he is managed by the council. The elected mayor can break a tie vote on the council, but his role is more limited under the city manager system than it was under the mayor-council format. The mayor may be mainly a "ribbon-cutter," or he may attempt to lead the council toward his own goals. Recall of the mayor and council is permitted under the Laredo charter.

Martin's "Old Party" — officially the "Independent Club" — survived for eighty-four years because of its ability to recruit former opponents. In the latter years, however, it failed to bring in younger members and could not adapt to the changing demographics of the county. Martin told Bill Moyers that the "Old Party" had succeeded in its heyday because many Laredo voters felt too uninformed to make their own political choices in elections and preferred a "patron" to make such decisions for them. ^[6]

The leadership "Old Party" also included Laredo Independent School District Superintendent Vidal M. Treviño, Martin's father, Sheriff J. C. Martin, Sr. (1886–1957), District Attorney Philip Kazen, and U.S. Representative Abraham Kazen, who lost his House seat in the 1984 Democratic primary to Albert Bustamante, a more liberal Democrat from San Antonio.

Tatangelo won his second and third terms under the city manager format. In 1982, Tatangelo trailed in the primary but won the runoff against former city council member Mercurio Martinez, Jr. ^[9] Tatangelo was term-limited under the charter and could not seek a fourth term in 1990. Laredo mayors are restricted to two consecutive four-year terms plus up to two years of an unexpired term. They may run again after sitting out a term. In Texas, all mayors and city council members are elected on nonpartisan ballots.

Running for county judge

After Tatangelo left the office of mayor in 1990, he launched a write-in campaign in the November general election to challenge the Democratic nominee for Webb County judge, a largely administrative, rather than judicial, position. The Democrats chose Mercurio Martinez, a former Laredo Community College business instructor, who had served briefly on the city council when Tatangelo was first elected mayor and had run unsuccessfully against Tatangelo in 1982. ^[9] Martinez unseated incumbent County Judge Andres "Andy" Ramos in the party primary and had no Republican opposition. Under Texas election law, a write-in candidate can file up to forty-five days before a general election. One cannot write in any name he chooses on a Texas ballot for any office: a "write-in" candidate must be officially entered for a particular office.

Tatangelo, at seventy-seven, made a stronger showing as a write-in candidate than had been the norm in Laredo, but Martinez prevailed with nearly 75 percent of the vote. Martinez hence won the first of his three terms as county judge. (Martinez has since returned as a trustee for Laredo Community College.) In that campaign, Tatangelo said that he had been a Democrat since 1936, when he was still living in Rhode Island. In Texas, one is officially a "Democrat" or a "Republican," for that matter, only if he votes in his party's primary election or runoff election in the spring of even years. His party designation is good for two years — until the next primary elections. He can adopt a party label as a personal preference, but he is officially a Democrat or a Republican in Texas only by voting in his party's primary or runoff election. In that the majority of Texas voters do not usually participate in any party primary, most of the state's electorate consists of unaffiliated voters.

Tatangelo's Republican activities

Presumably, Tatangelo meant that he had voted in Democratic primaries when he called himself a "Democrat." Records reveal, however, that Tatangelo has often supported and hosted Republican candidates, including the late President Ronald W. Reagan, with whom he once had a 45-minute audience to discuss border issues. ^[10] KGNS-TV in Laredo reported at the time of Tatangelo's death that Tatangelo had wept when he learned of Reagan's death in 2004. ^[11] Tatangelo also supported Presidents George Herbert Walker Bush and George W. Bush. In 2004, Tatangelo gave $750 to the Republican National Committee. Tatangelo gave $250 in 2004 to the campaign of former Republican U.S. Representative John Thune of South Dakota, who unseated Senate Democratic Minority Leader Tom Daschle. When Tatangelo ran for county judge, then Webb County GOP chairman Esther Buckley ^[12] a former member of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, endorsed Tatangelo and urged her fellow Republicans to write in his name on the ballot. Tatangelo secured Republican support not because of party, presumably, but because many had admired his challenge to the "Old Party" establishment and his desire to modernize the city while retaining its traditional values. Another Laredo Republican, businessman and former five-term city council member Joe A. Guerra, said that his friend Tatangelo was so open with the public that he would visit at his office or home with anyone, regardless of status, even without an appointment.

Tatangelo was also committed to cutting county spending and lowering property tax rates, issues that attracted Republican support. Homeowners, however, found that even when the county cut the ad valorem tax rates, their property taxes continued to climb because the Webb County Appraisal District in Laredo routinely increases the valuation of their properties on an annual basis. The district points out that state law requires the higher evaluations each year. Then it is up to the taxing bodies to set the actual tax rates per $100 assessed value.

Tatangelo in retirement

In 1998, Tatangelo had open-heart surgery. "I still have many ideas, but physically the doctors don't want me to get too involved. I miss ... being able to sit down and trying to figure out problems. ..." he told The Laredo Morning Times. ^[2]

Tatangelo had three children, the late Aldo, Jr., of Laredo, Linda T. (husband Jerry) McKinney of Fort Worth, and Robert (wife Elva) Tatangelo of Grapevine, Texas, and five grandchildren. He had two brothers and a sister who predeceased him, Guido and Leo Tatangelo and Eva T. Grenieri. He said that he has been pleased with his long life "as a whole. ... There were more things that I would have liked to do, but, hey, you can't get everything you want, right?" He was Roman Catholic. ^[2]

Tatangelo left his public papers with Texas A&M International University in Laredo. In 2000, he gave $25,000 to establish an endowed scholarship at the university for promising students in the fields of political science and public administration. Recipients, who must come from either Webb County or Nuevo Laredo, are known as "Tatangelo Scholars." ^{[13] [14]} He also supported Laredo Community College, where he occasionally met with honors students in their class in Texas government.

Tatangelo eulogized

Tatangelo died in Laredo. Services were held on March 11, 2008, at Blessed Sacrament Catholic Church. Interment followed at the family plot in the Calvary Catholic Cemetery in Laredo. ^[4] Two years later Aldo Tatangelo, Jr., was interred beside his parents. ^[5]

Son Robert James Tatangelo (born ca. 1951) said that his father was "always ... honest and straight forward with people, and that's what people counted on. I think he really did make a difference." ^[4] Daughter Linda T. McKinney remembered her father for his equal treatment of people: "It didn't matter where you came from. If you were from the barrio or if you were a multi-millionaire he would treat you the same. He accepted everybody. . . . There was no social/economic division ..." ^[4]

Elmer Buckley (1932–2009), Tatangelo's former special assistant during the first term as mayor and the husband of Esther Buckley, recalled that Tatangelo ordered all municipal financial records be brought to City Hall because under the Martin administration they had been stored at a private residence. Buckley said that many mistakenly questioned Tatangelo's motives: "Very few people really understood him or his motives. They were always looking for a secondary motive or for something other than what he wasn't saying, but Aldo didn't have ulterior motives, none whatsoever." Buckley said that Tatangelo's management style was not that of "micromanager" but of a "task manager" who did not "tolerate laziness". ^[4]

Andy Ramos, a member of the City Council when Tatangelo became mayor and later the Webb County administrative judge, recalled how Tatangelo "wanted everything done today. ... He was always asking the city council for support in getting projects done as fast as we could with the money we had available. He was very compassionate, and his heart was with the people of Laredo, especially those who were economically disadvantaged." ^[4]

On September 16, 2003, Tatangelo's ninetieth birthday, then city council member Gene Belmares, who made a losing bid for mayor in 2010, paid tribute accordingly: He was "known for his unselfish contributions to the community for over thirty years, for his unwavering commitment to helping the poor and disadvantaged, and for his outspoken advocacy of issues critical to the well-being of the community; ... a distinguished official who committed his unending service to our community, to the local, state, and national governments ... ^[15]

On March 25, 2008, the Laredo City Council voted to name City Hall after Tatangelo. The exact name was not selected. At least one council member, Juan Ramirez, proposed that a new building, perhaps a yet unconstructed downtown convention center bear Tatangelo's name. Ramirez said that even with the formal name change most people would still refer to City Hall as "City Hall". ^[16] The name change was never made.

Tatangelo is honored with the "Aldo Tatangelo Parkway," a shaded green space in downtown Laredo near San Agustin Cathedral. His admirers often speak of him as the man who brought Laredo into the 20th century though the 21st century was just two decades away. ^[17] Tatangelo opposed the building of the Laredo Energy Arena on the Bob Bullock Expressway because he had urged construction in a downtown location to revitalize the central city.

Related Research Articles

Webb County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 250,304. Its county seat is Laredo. The county was named after James Webb, who served as Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of State, and Attorney General of the Republic of Texas, and later judge of the United States District Court following the admission of Texas to statehood. By area, Webb County is the largest county in South Texas and the sixth largest in the state.

Laredo is a city in and the county seat of Webb County, Texas, United States, on the north bank of the Rio Grande in South Texas, across from Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Laredo has the distinction of flying seven flags. Founded in 1755, Laredo grew from a village to the capital of the brief Republic of the Rio Grande to the largest inland port on the Mexico–United States border. Laredo's economy is based on international trade with Mexico. Many major transportation companies have a facility in Laredo. The city is on the southern end of I-35 which makes it close to the manufacturers in northern Mexico. It has four international bridges and one railway bridge.

Henry Roberto Cuellar is the U.S Representative for Texas's 28th congressional district, a position he has held since 2005. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district extends from the Rio Grande to the suburbs of San Antonio.

Speedy Oteria Long was a Jena lawyer who was a Democratic U.S. Representative from Central Louisiana from 1965 to 1973. Prior to his tenure in the since disbanded Eighth Congressional District, Speedy Long had been a member of the Louisiana state Senate (1956–1964). After he left Congress, he became the district attorney (1973–1985) for the Jena-based 28th Judicial District. He resumed the practice of law in Jena from 1985 to 2005 but was called back to public service in 1994 when the Louisiana Supreme Court appointed him judge pro tem of the 28th Judicial District Court until a judge could be elected in 1995. He was a member of the popular Long political dynasty, being a member of its conservative wing.

John Wyeth Scott II, known as Jock Scott, was a lawyer and college professor in Alexandria, Louisiana, who served three terms from District 26 in the Louisiana House of Representatives, first as a Democrat (1976–1985) and then as a Republican (1985–1988). He was defeated in a race for the Louisiana State Senate in 1987. He also lost two bids for the United States House of Representatives: a 1985 special election, when he ran as a Democrat, and in the 2004 nonpartisan blanket primary for the Fifth Congressional District, when he challenged fellow Republican U.S. Representative Rodney Alexander of Jackson Parish.

Richard Peña Raymond is a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives for District 42, which encompasses western Webb County and includes the city of Laredo. He chairs the Human Services Committee and is a member of the Ways & Means Committee.

Raúl González Salinas is a private security consultant, a businessman, and a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation agent who is the former mayor of Laredo, Texas.

Elizabeth Garcia Flores, better known as Betty Flores, is a businesswoman who was the first female mayor of Laredo, Texas. She served a brief unexpired mayoral term followed by two four-year terms from 1998-2006. She was the driving force behind the building of the World Trade Bridge, which brought relief to her community after an enormous increase in truck traffic after the implementation of NAFTA. It was the only promise she made to the people of Laredo, declaring that IH35 within the city limits would once more belong to the people of Laredo. After securing the diplomatic notes and financing for the bridge and its installations she worked with her Mexican counterpart to open the bridge on time and on budget. At one time she was forced to tell the Mexican government of Tampaluipas that all truck traffic would be diverted to the Columbia Bridge in the State of Nuevo León if the project was not completed and opened on time. She had the full support of the customs and immigration agents in Laredo who were experiencing high level of unsafe conditions due to the small area of the bridges downtown. She is, however, best remembered for bringing a multi-purpose arena to the people of Laredo, the Laredo Entertainment Center, renamed Laredo Energy Arena, the home of the Laredo Bucks hockey team. Though she is a Democrat, she displayed a picture of herself with U.S. President George W. Bush, who visited Laredo two weeks before Flores left office. She was succeeded by Raul G. Salinas, another Democrat who was elected on June 17, 2006. All Texas mayors and city council members are elected on nonpartisan ballots though most have party preferences or have declared party allegiance by voting in a primary or a runoff election.

Judith Pappas Zaffirini is a Democratic member of the Texas State Senate from the 21st District, which includes her home city of Laredo in south Texas. On January 9, 2007, Zaffirini became the second in seniority in the 31-member Texas Senate, of which she has been a member since 1987. Zaffirini has been named among the "Top 100 Most Influential Hispanics in the United States" by Hispanic Business magazine. Zaffirini is the first Mexican American woman elected to the Texas Senate.

Victor V. Bussie was until his retirement in 1997 the 41-year unopposed president of the Louisiana AFL-CIO, having first assumed the mantle of union leadership in 1956. Journalists often described him as the most significant non-elected "official" in his state's politics. Bussie's influence with governors and state legislators became so great in the 1970s that the business lobbying group Louisiana Association of Business and Industry (LABI) was established as a counterbalance to the AFL-CIO. LABI won a huge victory in 1976 with the passage of the state's so-called "right-to-work legislation".

Vidal Manuel Treviño was a longtime educator and a Democratic political powerhouse in Laredo, Texas, who served as the Laredo Independent School District (LISD) superintendent between 1973 and 1995. He also served a term in the Texas House of Representatives from then District 80 from 1961-1963.

Ronald John Thompson, known as Ronnie Thompson or 'Machine Gun Ronnie' Thompson, is a former Georgia Republican politician who was the first member of his party to have been elected mayor of Macon, the seat of Bibb County in central Georgia. Thompson served two controversial terms from 1967 to 1975. He is also a former gospel and country music singer known for his highly conservative views on issues.

Tracy Ogden King is a businessman from Batesville, Texas, who has been since 1995 a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 80. Beginning in January 2013, the revised District 80 includes these counties south of San Antonio: Dimmit, Frio, Uvalde, Zapata, Zavala plus the rural portions of Webb County outside Laredo.

Joseph Claude Martin, Jr., known as Pepe Martin or Jose Martin or Joe Martin, was from 1954 to 1978 the mayor of his native Laredo, Texas. He was known as el patron, a term which refers to a political boss in South Texas who performs small favors for the public in return for absolute political loyalty.

Saul N. Ramirez Jr., is currently President of GRI a telco that owns TerraCom, Inc. and YourTel of America, Inc. Prior to joining GRI, he was the Chief Executive Officer of the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials for 15 years, an interest group based in Washington, D.C. Previously, he worked with Greystone and Company, a firm which provides debt and equity financing for multi-family residences and economic development projects. From 1990 to 1997, Ramirez, a Democrat, was the mayor of Laredo, Texas.

Esther Gonzalez-Arroyo Buckley was an educator in Laredo, Texas, USA, who from 1983 to 1992 was one of the eight members of the United States Commission on Civil Rights. She was appointed to the board by U.S. President Ronald W. Reagan.

Tano Eduardo Tijerina is a rancher and businessman from his native Laredo, Texas, who is the County Judge of Webb County in South Texas, United States. On January 1, 2015, he became the 23rd person to hold the elected office since Webb County was established in 1848. For five years beginning in 1993, Tijerina was a baseball player for minor-league teams of the Milwaukee Brewers.

Louis Henry Bruni is a businessman, rancher, politician, and the scion of a pioneer family in his native Laredo, Texas. From 2003 to 2006, he was the elected administrative County Judge of Webb County in South Texas.

Mercurio J. Martinez, Jr., often known as Merc Martinez, is an educator, rancher, and businessman from his native Laredo, Texas. From 1991 to 2002, he was the County Judge of Webb County in South Texas.

Pedro Ignacio Saenz Jr., known as Pete Saenz, is the mayor of Laredo, Texas, a position which he assumed on November 12, 2014.

References

• "Tatangelo fondly remembered at rosary, visitation", Laredo Morning Times, March 10, 2008, p. 3A
• Tricia Cortez, "City lays Aldo to rest", Laredo Morning Times, March 12, 2008, p. 1