Anatomography

Last updated
Anatomography
BodyParts3D Anatomography.png Screenshot Anatomography en.png
Available inEnglish or Japanese
OwnerDatabase Center for Life Science
Created byKousaku Okubo
URL lifesciencedb.jp/bp3d
CommercialNo
Launched2009-02-09 [1]
Current statusActive
Content license
 CC BY-SA icon.svg
CC-BY-SA 2.1-ja [2]
Clip gives an overview of the functionality of the Anatomography server.

Anatomography is an interactive website which supports generating anatomical diagrams and animations of the human body. The Anatomography website is maintained by the DBCLS (Database Center for Life Science) non-profit research institute located at the University of Tokyo. Anatomical diagrams generated by Anatomography, and 3D polygon data used on the website (called BodyParts3D), are freely available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license.

Contents

Description

Anatomography was launched on Feb. 9, 2009 [1] by founder and chief director Kousaku Okubo  [ ja ], professor of the DNA Data Bank of Japan at the National Institute of Genetics.

Human body polygon data used in the site are called "BodyParts3D". [3] BodyParts3D polygon data are extracted from full-body MRI images. The MRI image set that BodyParts3D is based on is called "TARO". Taro is a common given name for males in Japanese, as John is in English. TARO is a 2mm * 2mm * 2mm voxel dataset of the human male created by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. [4] TARO was published freely in November, 2004. [5] [6]

The construction process of BodyParts3D is as follows. [3]

BodyParts3D polygon data are distributed in the OBJ file format. The entire data file's size is 127 MB (polygon reduced) and 521 MB (high quality) as of version 3.0. [8] The number of body parts (organs) registered in BodyParts3D is 1,523 as of version 3.0. [7]

License

Images generated by Anatomography and the polygon data included in BodyParts3D are licensed under the Creative Commons license, [2] in hope of widening usage and democratizing medical knowledge. [9]

Funding

The BodyParts3D/Anatomography project was funded by MEXT (Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) from FY2007 to FY2010. [10] [11] As of FY2011, the project has been funded by the JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency). [11]

Reception

Diagrams from Anatomography are used, for example, in Canadian science TV show Le code Chastenay, [12] Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia, as lecture material in universities, and elsewhere to share knowledge. [9] About usage of Anatomography on websites like Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons, developers say "spreading of usages by anonymous users on like Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons is what we had expected." [9]

Technical features

BodyParts3D/Anatomography project uses the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA). The FMA is an open-source anatomical ontology developed and maintained by the Structural Informatics Group at the University of Washington. In BodyParts3D, each body-part is managed by an FMA identifier (FMAID) defined by the FMA. For example, the vertebral column is registered as FMA13478 , the temporal lobe is registered as FMA61825 , and so on.

Version history

Similar services

Others

A few tutorial videos on using Anatomography are available on YouTube, [16] see external links.

Additional images

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Tokyo</span> Public research university in Tokyo, Japan

The University of Tokyo is a public research university in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Founded in 1877 as the nation's first modern university by the merger of several pre-westernisation era institutions, its direct precursors include the Tenmongata, founded in 1684, and the Shoheizaka Institute.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ichitaro (word processor)</span>

Ichitaro is a Japanese word processor produced by JustSystems, a Japanese software company. Ichitaro occupies the second share in Japanese word-processing software, behind Microsoft Word. It is one of the main products of the company. Its proprietary file extension is ".JTD". ATOK, an IME developed by JustSystems, is bundled with Ichitaro.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Analysis of Functional NeuroImages</span>

Analysis of Functional NeuroImages (AFNI) is an open-source environment for processing and displaying functional MRI data—a technique for mapping human brain activity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Princess Tomohito of Mikasa</span> Japanese princess (born 1955)

Princess Tomohito of Mikasa is a member of the Japanese Imperial Family as the widow of Prince Tomohito of Mikasa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yukie Nakama</span> Japanese actress, singer and former idol (born 1979)

Yukie Nakama is a Japanese actress, singer and former idol.

<i>Ultraman Taro</i> Japanese television series

Ultraman Taro is the sixth show in the Ultra Series. Produced by Tsuburaya Productions, the series aired on Tokyo Broadcasting System from April 6, 1973, to April 5, 1974, with a total of 53 episodes.

<i>GeGeGe no Kitarō</i> Japanese manga series by Shigeru Mizuki and its adaptations

GeGeGe no Kitarō (ゲゲゲの鬼太郎), originally known as Hakaba Kitarō, is a Japanese manga series created in 1960 by Shigeru Mizuki. It is best known for its popularization of the folklore creatures known as yōkai, a class of spirit-monster which all of the main characters belong to. This story was an early 20th-century Japanese folk tale performed on kamishibai. It has been adapted for the screen several times, as anime, live action, and video games. The word GeGeGe (ゲゲゲ) in the title is similar to Japanese sound symbolism for a cackling noise but refers to Mizuki's childhood nickname, a mispronounciation of his given name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sanshiro Takagi</span> Japanese professional wrestler (born 1970)

Tadashi Takagi, better known by his ring name Sanshiro Takagi, is a Japanese professional wrestler and promoter who works for the Japanese wrestling promotion CyberFight, where he serves as executive vice president. Takagi is the founder of DDT Pro-Wrestling, which is now part of the CyberFight umbrella. As a wrestler, Takagi's gimmick was that of a Stone Cold Steve Austin impersonator.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarō Okamoto</span> Japanese artist (1911–1996)

Tarō Okamoto was a Japanese artist, art theorist, and writer. He is particularly well known for his avant-garde paintings and public sculptures and murals, and for his theorization of traditional Japanese culture and avant-garde artistic practices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shippeitaro</span>

Shippeitaro or Shippei Taro is the name of a helper dog in the Japanese fairy tale by the same name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MakeHuman</span> 3D character modeling software

MakeHuman is a free and open source 3D computer graphics middleware designed for the prototyping of photorealistic humanoids. It is developed by a community of programmers, artists, and academics interested in 3D character modeling.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yamato (wrestler)</span> Japanese professional wrestler

Masato Onodera, better known by the ring name Yamato, is a Japanese professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist currently signed to Dragongate, where he is the current and record six-time Open the Dream Gate Champion.

<i>Kyō Kara Ore Wa!!</i> Japanese manga series by Hiroyuki Nishimori and its adaptations

Kyō Kara Ore Wa!! is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hiroyuki Nishimori. The manga was initially published in Shogakukan's shōnen manga magazine Shōnen Sunday Zōkan, running monthly from September 1988 to August 1990. The series was then transferred to Weekly Shōnen Sunday and serialized from September 1990 to November 1997. Its chapters were collected in 38 tankōbon volumes. A four-chapter manga sequel, titled Kyō Kara Ore wa!!: Yūsha Sagawa to Ano Futari-hen, was serialized in Shōnen Sunday S from November 2018 to February 2019 and collected in a single tankōbon volume.

The KO-DOpenweight Championship is a professional wrestling championship and the highest singles achievement in the DDT Pro-Wrestling (DDT) brand division of the Japanese promotion CyberFight. It is one of CyberFight's major titles, alongside the GHC Heavyweight Championship in Pro Wrestling Noah. The title was established in 2000, and Masao Orihara was the inaugural champion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Keiichi Aichi</span> Japanese physicist

Keiichi Aichi was a Japanese physicist. He served as a professor of the physics department at the College of Science, Tohoku Imperial University.

OP Eiga (オーピー映画), also known as Ōkura Eiga (大蔵映画) or Okura Pictures, is the largest and one of the oldest independent Japanese studios which produce and distribute pink films. It was founded in 1961 by Mitsuru Ōkura, former president of film studio Shintōhō. Along with Shintōhō Eiga, Kantō, Million Film, and Kōji Wakamatsu's production studio, Ōkura was one of the most influential studios on the pink film genre. Among the many notable pink films released by the studio are Satoru Kobayashi's Flesh Market (1962), the first film in the pink film genre.

Computational human phantoms are models of the human body used in computerized analysis. Since the 1960s, the radiological science community has developed and applied these models for ionizing radiation dosimetry studies. These models have become increasingly accurate with respect to the internal structure of the human body.

<i>Speed Power Gunbike</i> 1998 video game

Speed Power Gunbike is an action video game for the PlayStation, released exclusively in Japan on April 23, 1998, from publisher Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It is the first game developed by Inti Creates, a group of designers with similar goals and interests who had recently broken off from Capcom. The game was heavily inspired by science fiction anime of the 1980s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yoko Taro</span> Japanese video game director

Yoko Taro is a Japanese video game director and scenario writer. Starting his career at the now defunct game developer Cavia, his best-known work is on the action role-playing video game series Drakengard, and its spin-offs, Nier and Nier: Automata. Yoko was born in Nagoya, Aichi, and studied at the Kobe Design University in the 1990s. While he did not initially intend to pursue a career in video games, after working at Namco and Sony, he joined Cavia and became the director and scenario writer for the first Drakengard game. He has since worked extensively on every game in the series, and on mobile titles after becoming a freelancer following Cavia's absorption into AQ Interactive.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ultraman Taro (character)</span> Fictional character

Ultraman Taro is the title character of the 1973 Ultra Series, Ultraman Taro. In the series, Ultraman Taro merged with Kotaro Higashi the latter loses his life during Astromons' rampage. After that, Kotaro joined the battle as a ZAT member and utilized Taro's power to fight against giant monsters while receiving assistance from either his fellow brothers-in-arms or his parents. In the final episode, Kotaro severed his connection to Taro and returned the Ultra Badge, as he wanted to continue living his life as a normal human. He is last seen traveling around the world.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Release notes (in Japanese). DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-12.
  2. 1 2 FAQs - credit. (in Japanese) DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-12.
  3. 1 2 Mitsuhashi, N; Fujieda, K; Tamura, T; Kawamoto, S; Takagi, T; Okubo, K (2009). "BodyParts3D: 3D structure database for anatomical concepts". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (Database issue): D782–5. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn613. PMC   2686534 . PMID   18835852. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  4. ↑ Nagaoka, T; Watanabe, S; Sakurai, K; Kunieda, E; Watanabe, S; Taki, M; Yamanaka, Y (2004). "Development of realistic high-resolution whole-body voxel models of Japanese adult males and females of average height and weight, and application of models to radio-frequency electromagnetic-field dosimetry". Physics in Medicine and Biology. 49 (1): 1–15. Bibcode:2004PMB....49....1N. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/49/1/001. PMID   14971769.
  5. ↑ 日本人の数値人体モデルDB「TARO」と「HANAKO」公開 2004/11/10 (in Japanese). ITMedia. Retrieved 2012-10-12.
  6. ↑ 報道発表:日本人平均成人男女の数値人体モデルデータベース公開のお知らせ 2004-11-10 (in Japanese). National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Retrieved 2012-10-12.
  7. 1 2 3 BodyParts3D Release Note (Release 3.0, 2011/6/20) [ permanent dead link ] DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
  8. ↑ Download - BodyParts3D DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
  9. 1 2 3 三橋 信孝、藤枝 香、今井 紫緒、武藤 勇、田村 卓郎、川本 祥子、高木 利久、大久保 公策 「BodyParts3DとAnatomography: 医学での情報共有を「動機付ける」素材」(in Japanese) [ permanent dead link ] シンポジウム「ライフサイエンスの未来へ～10年先のデータベースを考える～」/ Nobutaka Mitsuhashi, Kaori Fujieda, Shio Imai, Isamu Muto, Takuro Tamura, Shoko Kawamoto, Toshihisa Takagi and Kousaku Okubo "BodyParts3D and Anatomography: Materials motivating sharing information in medicine" Poster presentation at "Symposium: Toward the Future of Life Science - Thinking Databases of 10 Years Later" held in the University of Tokyo at 2010-10-05. Retrieved 2012-10-12.
  10. ↑ BodyParts3D Database Description Life Science Database Archive. Retrieved 2012-10-19.
  11. 1 2 FAQ - About the Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS) Archived 2013-01-30 at the Wayback Machine DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-19.
  12. ↑ 「LE CODE CHASTENAY」Emission 48 Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine , 2010-01-19 aired
  13. ↑ "BodyParts3D/Anatomography" Updates Archived June 5, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Posted on April 28, 2010. DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
  14. ↑ BodyParts3D Release Note (Release 2.0, 2010/4/28) DBCLS. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
  15. ↑ "BodyParts3D Release Notes, v4.0". Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  16. ↑ Kawano, S; Ono, H; Takagi, T; Bono, H (2012). "Tutorial videos of bioinformatics resources: Online distribution trial in Japan named TogoTV". Briefings in Bioinformatics. 13 (2): 258–68. doi:10.1093/bib/bbr039. PMC   3294242 . PMID   21803786. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  17. ↑ Conference "Balancing IP Protection and Data Sharing in Science" held at the University of Tokyo, 2009-10-05. Okubo's presentation in Japanese Archived June 10, 2013, at the Wayback Machine , just before Lawrence Lessig's lecture. Entire videos of each lecture are available on the conference website's program schedule page (partly Japanese, partly English) Archived February 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine .
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.