Annona nutans

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Annona nutans
Annona nutans.jpg
Photograph of an Annona nutans fruit. [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Annona
Species:
A. nutans
Binomial name
Annona nutans
Synonyms

Annona nanofruticosaHerzog
Annona spinescens var. nutansR.E.Fr.

Contents

Annona nutans is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. [3] Robert Elias Fries, the Swedish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its recurved peduncles which give the flowers a nodding (nutans in Latin) appearance. [4] [5]

Description

It is a bush 5 to 6 meters (16 to 20 ft) in height. Its branches have inconspicuous, brown lenticels. Its membranous, oval leaves are 3–5 by 2.5–3.2 centimeters with rounded apex that ends in an abrupt small point. The leaves are hairless on their upper surface and on their lower surface except along the midrib and veins when young. The leaves have 10 secondary veins emanating from each side of the midrib. Its petioles 2 millimeters long and have a groove on their upper side. Its recurved peduncles are 2.5–4 centimeters long, extra-axillary and usually emerge opposite a leaf. The peduncles are solitary or in pairs. The peduncles have a bract, covered in rust colored hairs, at their base and another at their midpoint. Its sepals are united to form a calyx with triangular lobes that come to a point. The outer surface of the calyx is covered in rust-colored silky hairs. Its petals are united to form a corolla, 1.5–2.3 centimeters in diameter, consisting of 3 broad lobes alternating with 3 narrow lobes. The outer surface of the corolla is covered in fine rust-colored hairs. The corolla is yellow to ochre-colored with purple spots on the inside. Its stamen are 1.8–2.2 millimeters long with flat filaments. The connective tissue between the lobes of the anther is extended to form a cap. Its flowers have multiple carpels that form a cone-shaped gynoecium. Its 4-sided, prism-shaped ovaries are 0.9–1 millimeters long. Its fleshy, quadrangular styles are 0.9–1 millimeters long and terminate in ovoid stigmas. The outermost styles are covered in fine glandular hairs. The mature orange fruit are 5 centimeters in diameter and 7 centimeters long. [6] [5] [7]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of Annona nutans is shed as permanent tetrads. [8]

Distribution and habitat

It has been observed growing in fields, sandy plains and valleys. [6]

Uses

It was described as being edible in 1914 by the American botanist William Edwin Safford. [7] The pulp of the wild, fresh fruit has been reported as being used as a food source in Brazil. [9]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Annona acuminata</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Annona cascarilloides</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Annona crassivenia</i> Species of flowering plant

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Annona dioica is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. Augustin Saint-Hilaire, the French botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its flowers which have different reproductive structures and.

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<i>Annona jahnii</i> Species of plant

Annona jahnii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to the Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. William Edwin Safford, the American botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the Venezuelan scientist, explorer and mountain climber Alfredo Jahn.

<i>Annona paludosa</i> Species of plant

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<i>Hexalobus crispiflorus</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Hexalobus crispiflorus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, DR Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo and Zaire. Achille Richard, the French botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its wavy petals of its flowers.

<i>Hexalobus monopetalus</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Hexalobus monopetalus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae with the common name baboon's breakfast. It is native to Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaire and Zimbabwe. Achille Richard, the French botanist who first formally described the species, using the basionym Uvaria monopetala, named it after its petals which are fused at their base.

Annona haitiensis is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. Robert Elias Fries, the Swedish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after Haiti where the specimen he examined was collected.

Annona moaensis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is endemic to Cuba. Frère León and Henri Alain Liogier, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after Moa, Cuba where the specimen they observed was collected.

Duckeanthus is a genus of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Brazil. It contains a single species, Duckeanthus grandiflorus. Robert Elias Fries, the Swedish botanist who first formally described it, named it in honor of Adolpho Ducke who collected the specimen he examined, and its large flowers.

<i>Annona cherimolioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Annona cherimolioides is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Colombia and Ecuador. José Jerónimo Triana and Jules Émile Planchon, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after its resemblance to another Annona species A. cherimoya.

<i>Annona quinduensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Annona quinduensis is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Colombia and Ecuador. Carl Sigismund Kunth, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after Quindío, a department of Colombia, where the specimen he examined was collected.

<i>Xylopia cuspidata</i> Species of flowering plant

Xylopia cuspidata is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Ludwig Diels, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the leaves which have an abruptly pointed tip.

References

  1. "Annona nutans (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr". Tropicos. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. n.d. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
  2. Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Annona nutans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T143321260A143321262. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T143321260A143321262.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  3. "Annona nutans (R.E.Fr.) R.E.Fr". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved January 4, 2019..
  4. Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot: Timber Press David & Charles. ISBN   9780881926279.
  5. 1 2 Fries, Rob (1905). "Die Anonaceen der zweiten Regnell'schen Reise". Arkiv för Botanik (in German and Latin). 4: 1–30.
  6. 1 2 Chodat, Robert; Hassler, Émile (1904). "Plantae Hasslerianae soit Énumération des Plantes Récoltéeds au Paraguay par le Dr Emile Hassler, d'Aarau (Suisse) de 1885 a 1902" [Plantae Hasslerianae or List of Plants Harvested in Paraguay by Dr. Emile Hassler, of Aarau (Switzerland) from 1885 to 190]. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier (in French and Latin). 4 (11): 1155–1172.
  7. 1 2 Safford, William E. (1914). "Classification of the Genus Annona with Descriptions of New and Imperfectly Known Species". Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. 18: 1–68.
  8. Walker, James W. (1971). "Pollen Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae". Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. 202 (202): 1–130. doi: 10.5962/p.272704 . JSTOR   41764703. S2CID   249081277.
  9. Bortolotto, Ieda Maria; Amorozo, Maria Christina de Mello; Neto, Germano Guarim; Oldeland, Jens; Damasceno-Junior, Geraldo Alves (2015). "Knowledge and use of wild edible plants in rural communities along Paraguay River, Pantanal, Brazil". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 11 (1): 46. doi: 10.1186/s13002-015-0026-2 . ISSN   1746-4269. PMC   4469002 . PMID   26025294.