| Anomaloninae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Erigorgus melanobatus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Subfamily: | Anomaloninae Viereck, 1918 |
| Tribes | |
Anomaloninae is a subfamily of parasitoid wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. [1] Several species provide beneficial services to humans by attacking forest or orchard pests. [2]
Species of Anomaloninae are slender, range in size from small to large, and are usually black or brownish in color. Yellow markings on the face and legs are common. One of the most distinguishing characteristics of this subfamily is the highly reticulated propodeum. [2]
Species are found worldwide.
Anomalonines are koinobiont endoparasitoids of Lepidoptera or Coleoptera. [3] Eggs are laid by females into the larval host, but the host is allowed to continue development to the pupal stage. Adult wasps emerge from the host pupa.
They are found in nearly all forested habitats, and unlike most other groups of ichneumonids, are also fairly common in dry habitats.
Anomalonines fly slowly in a characteristic pose, with the metasoma elevated, antennae outstretched, and legs held out behind them. [2]
Data sources: i = ITIS, [7] c = Catalogue of Life, [8] g = GBIF, [9] b = Bugguide.net [4]
The Ichneumonidae, also known as ichneumon wasps, ichneumonid wasps, ichneumonids, or Darwin wasps, are a family of parasitoid wasps of the insect order Hymenoptera. They are one of the most diverse groups within the Hymenoptera with roughly 25,000 species currently described. However, this likely represents less than a quarter of their true richness as reliable estimates are lacking, along with much of the most basic knowledge about their ecology, distribution, and evolution. It is estimated that there are more species in this family than there are species of birds and mammals combined. Ichneumonid wasps, with very few exceptions, attack the immature stages of holometabolous insects and spiders, eventually killing their hosts. They thus fulfill an important role as regulators of insect populations, both in natural and semi-natural systems, making them promising agents for biological control.
Cryptinae is a subfamily of wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. The family has also been called Gelinae, Hemitelinae, and Phygadeuontinae by various authorities, though the Phygadeuontinae have since been elevated to a separate subfamily.
Banchinae is a subfamily of ichneumonid parasitoid wasps containing about 1,500 species; the genera Glypta and Lissonota are very large. The three tribes are all distributed worldwide.
Pimplinae are a worldwide subfamily of the parasitic wasp family Ichneumonidae.
Campopleginae is a large subfamily of the parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae with a world-wide distribution. Species in this subfamily have been used in the biological control of the alfalfa weevil, clover weevil, various species of Heliothis, oriental army worm, European corn borer, larch sawfly, and others.
Mesochorinae is a worldwide subfamily of the parasitic wasp family Ichneumonidae.
Tersilochinae is a worldwide subfamily of the parasitic wasp family Ichneumonidae.
The Labeninae is a subfamily within the parasitic wasp family Ichneumonidae . There are 12 extant genera, grouped within four tribes, that exhibit a predominantly Gondwanan distribution - most genera and species are found in Australia and South America. A few species of Labena and Grotea are found in North America, with hypotheses suggesting that the group radiated on Gondwanaland prior to the separation of Australia but after the separation of Africa/India/Madagascar.
The Euphorinae are a large subfamily of Braconidae parasitoid wasps. Some species have been used for biological pest control. They are sister group to the Meteorinae.
Blacini is a tribe of braconid Parasitoid wasps. Formerly the subfamily Blacinae, this group was demoted to a tribe and placed within the Brachistinae based on molecular evidence in 2011.
Brachistinae is a subfamily of braconid wasps in the family Braconidae.
Phygadeuontini is a tribe of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. It is the only tribe in the subfamily Phygadeuontinae. There are about 123 genera in 12 subtribes worldwide.
Labena is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. There are at least 40 described species in Labena.
Limonethe is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. There are about five described species in Limonethe. They can be distinguished from similar genera based on the nearly square-shaped areolet and the large and dense punctures on the post-petiole. Many also have infuscated wings, a red abdomen, black head and mesosoma with narrow white markings along the inner eye margins. Limonethe occurs in the New World from Canada to Argentina.
Orthocentrinae is a subfamily of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. There are about six genera in Orthocentrinae.
Therion is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. There are at least 20 described species in Therion.
Acrotaphus is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. There are about 26 described species in Acrotaphus. They are parasitoids of Araneidae and Tetragnathidae spider families.
Calliephialtes is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. There are 22 described species in Calliephialtes.
Gravenhorstiini is a large tribe of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Ichneumonidae It contains all the genera of the subfamily Anomaloninae, excepting Anomalon.
Phaeogenini is a tribe of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae.
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