Coat of arms
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The Lord Gifford | |
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| Member of the House of Lords | |
Lord Temporal | |
| as a hereditary peer 21 June 1961 –11 November 1999 | |
| Preceded by | The 5th Baron Gifford |
| Succeeded by | Seat abolished [lower-alpha 1] |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Anthony Maurice Gifford 1 May 1940 |
| Education | Winchester College |
| Alma mater | King's College,Cambridge |
| Occupation | Barrister,politician and peer |
Anthony Maurice Gifford,6th Baron Gifford,KC (born 1 May 1940),is a British hereditary peer and King's Counsel. He inherited the title of Baron Gifford on the death of his father,the 5th Baron,in April 1961. In 1970,Gifford was instrumental in establishing the first law centre in the UK. [1]
Anthony Gifford was educated at Winchester College and King's College,Cambridge,was called to the Bar in 1962 and took silk in 1983. [2]
He was a co-founder of the North Kensington Neighbourhood Law Centre,Britain's first law centre,giving free legal advice. [3] [4] He founded Wellington Street Chambers and was its head for 15 years. He joined 8 King's Bench Walk in 1989 and from 2001 was head of Chambers. In 2006,the chambers relocated to 1 Mitre Court Buildings,remaining there until 2014. [5]
He was Counsel for Paul Hill in the Guildford Four appeals and for Gerry Hunter in the Birmingham Six appeals. [2]
Gifford was chairman of the Broadwater Farm inquiry and the Liverpool Eight inquiry,both of which investigated patterns of alleged racism and discrimination. He represented the family of James Wray at the Bloody Sunday Inquiry.
Cases in which he has been engaged include appeals involving trade unions,libel,contract and tort as well as criminal law. In 1991,he set up a firm of attorneys in Kingston,Jamaica,dividing his practice between Jamaica and the UK. [6]
He was a prominent member of the anti-apartheid group Lawyers Against Apartheid. [7]
Gifford sat on the Labour benches while in the House of Lords. The passing of the House of Lords Act 1999 removed his automatic right to sit in parliament,and he was excluded on 11 November 1999. [8]
Gifford's autobiography,The Passionate Advocate,was published in 2007. [4] A review in the Jamaica Gleaner stated:"Lord Gifford,a lifelong human-rights lawyer and advocate for the freedom struggle,has done more than his fair share to better the lot of the world's oppressed. The book really is an important study in the power of law,contemporary history and politics,international relations,slavery,and the resultant modern-day racism it bred." [9]
Gifford has campaigned in favour of reparations for slavery. [10] At the First Pan-African Congress on Reparations,held in Abuja,Nigeria,in April 1993,he delivered a paper entitled "The legal basis of the claim for Reparations". [11] [12] [13] Raising the issue in debate at the House of Lords on 14 March 1996,Gifford asked "Her Majesty's Government whether they will make appropriate reparation to African nations and to the descendants of Africans for the damage caused by the slave trade and the practice of slavery". [14] [15] Gifford is a member of the Jamaican reparations commission and has said of the reparations issue:"I would like to see it approached on a Caribbean-wide basis." [16]
Gifford married first on 22 March 1965 Katherine Ann Mundy,daughter of Dr Max Mundy of 75 Bedford Gardens,London. They had two children before they divorced in 1988:
Gifford married secondly on 24 September 1988 Elean Roslyn Thomas,daughter of Right Reverend Bishop David Thomas of Kingston,Jamaica. They had one daughter before they divorced:
Gifford married Tina Natalia Goulbourne,daughter of Clement Nathaniel Goulbourne,on 11 April 1998.
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Reparations for slavery is the application of the concept of reparations to victims of slavery or their descendants. There are concepts for reparations in legal philosophy and reparations in transitional justice. In the US, reparations for slavery have been both given by legal ruling in court and/or given voluntarily by individuals and institutions.
William Douglas Cullen, Baron Cullen of Whitekirk is a former senior member of the Scottish judiciary. He formerly served as Lord Justice General and Lord President of the Court of Session, and was an additional Lord of Appeal in the House of Lords prior to the transfer of its judicial functions to the Supreme Court.
Joseph Knight was a man born in Guinea and there seized into slavery. It appears that the captain of the ship which brought him to Jamaica there sold him to John Wedderburn of Ballindean, Scotland. Wedderburn had Knight serve in his household, and took him along when he returned to Scotland in 1769. On Knight leaving his service, Wedderburn had him arrested and brought before the local justices of the peace. Inspired by Somersett's Case (1772), in which the courts had held that slavery did not exist under English common law, Knight resisted his claim. Knight won his claim after two appeals, in a case that established the principle that Scots law would not uphold the institution of slavery.
The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which provided for the gradual abolition of slavery in most parts of the British Empire. Passed by Earl Grey's reforming administration, it expanded the jurisdiction of the Slave Trade Act 1807 and made the purchase or ownership of slaves illegal within the British Empire, with the exception of "the Territories in the Possession of the East India Company", Ceylon, and Saint Helena. The Act came into force on 1 August 1834, and was repealed in 1998 as a part of wider rationalisation of English statute law; however, later anti-slavery legislation remains in force.
The Broadwater Farm riot occurred on the Broadwater council estate in Tottenham, North London, on 6 October 1985.
Colin Hargreaves Pearson, Baron Pearson, was a Canadian-born English barrister and judge. Rising to sit as a judge in the House of Lords, he is best remembered for his unspectacular but efficient and courteous chairmanship of industrial inquiries and royal commissions. His 1978 report into civil liability and compensation for personal injury made proposals for state pensions for accident victims that were largely rejected by government at the time.
Durham Law School is the law school of Durham University in Durham, England. In 2022, Durham Law was ranked 5th in the UK in a league table which averaged the rankings of the Complete University Guide, The Guardian and the Times University League Table. Durham Law School is ranked 42nd in the world for law in the 2023 Times Higher Education ranking and 46th in the world for law by the 2023 QS ranking.
Colin John MacLean Sutherland, Lord Carloway PC FRSE is a Scottish advocate and judge who has served as the Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General since 2015. He was previously Lord Justice Clerk from 2012 to 2015 and has been a Senator of the College of Justice since 2000. On 4 June 2024 Lord Carloway announced his intention to retire from judicial office in early 2025.
Angus James Scott Glennie, Lord Glennie, was a Senator of the College of Justice, and Principal Commercial Judge in the Court of Session, in Scotland.
Reparations are broadly understood as compensation given for an abuse or injury. The colloquial meaning of reparations has changed substantively over the last century. In the early 1900s, reparations were interstate exchanges that were punitive mechanisms determined by treaty and paid by the surrendering side of a conflict, such as the World War I reparations paid by Germany and its allies. Reparations are now understood as not only war damages but also compensation and other measures provided to victims of severe human rights violations by the parties responsible. The right of the victim of an injury to receive reparations and the duty of the part responsible to provide them has been secured by the United Nations.
Lord Gifford may refer to:
Roger John Laugharne Thomas, Baron Thomas of Cwmgiedd, FLSW is a British judge. He served as Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales from 2013 to 2017.
Dudley Joseph Thompson was a Jamaican Pan-Africanist, lawyer, politician and diplomat, who made a contribution to jurisprudence and politics in the Caribbean, Africa and elsewhere internationally.
Richard Hart was a Jamaican historian, solicitor and politician. He was a founding member of the People's National Party (PNP) and one of the pioneers of Marxism in Jamaica. He played an important role in Jamaican politics in the years leading up to Independence in 1962. He subsequently was based in Guyana for two years, before relocating to London, England, in 1965, working as a solicitor and co-founding the campaigning organisation Caribbean Labour Solidarity in 1974. He went on to serve as attorney-general in Grenada under the People's Revolutionary Government in 1983. He spent the latter years of his life in the UK, where he died in Bristol.
Sir Anthony Hooper, PC is a British retired judge, former professor of law, and a member of Matrix Chambers. He joined Matrix Chambers in 2013 after his retirement from the Court of Appeal of England and Wales. In 2013 he was appointed inaugural Judicial Fellow of the Judicial Institute of University College, London, where he is an Honorary Professor. He is an Honorary Fellow at Trinity hall, Cambridge. Since 2018, he has been helping to fight corruption and to reform judicial system in Ukraine.
Reparations for slavery refers to providing benefits to victims of slavery and/or their descendants. There are concepts for reparations in legal philosophy and reparations in transitional justice. Reparations can take many forms, including practical and financial assistance to the descendants of enslaved people, acknowledgements or apologies to peoples or nations negatively affected by slavery, or honouring the memories of people who were enslaved by naming things after them. Victims of slavery can refer past slavery or ongoing slavery in the 21st century.
Sir Hilary McDonald Beckles KA is a Barbadian historian. He is the current vice-chancellor of the University of the West Indies (UWI) and chairman of the CARICOM Reparations Commission.
Caribbean Labour Solidarity (CLS), founded in 1974, is a group that "sets itself the task of informing the concerned about labour issues in the (Caribbean) region as a whole", and "continues to support the national and anti-imperialist fight in the West Indies", as well as being an international campaigning organisation. A 1980 CLS publication states: "Caribbean Labour Solidarity takes as its central concern the need for increased cohesion between the British labour movement and all components of the anti-imperialist and national democratic struggles in the Caribbean."
Norris Chrisleventon "Buzz" Johnson, generally known as Buzz Johnson, was a Tobago-born publisher and activist who in the 1970s relocated to England, UK. There he set up a small publishing company called Karia Press, based in east London, producing books relevant to community and race relations, and making available and better known the work of many key writers, including Claudia Jones, whom he is credited with having "rediscovered".
The 2024 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, also known as CHOGM 2024, was the 27th meeting of the heads of government of the Commonwealth of Nations. The meeting was held in Samoa from 25–26 October 2024 and was preceded by ministerial meetings, fora and side events which had begun on 21 October 2024.
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