| Anthrobia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Linyphiidae |
| Genus: | Anthrobia Tellkampf, 1844 [1] |
| Type species | |
| A. monmouthia Tellkampf, 1844 | |
| Species | |
4, see text | |
Anthrobia is a genus of North American dwarf spiders that was first described by T. Tellkampf in 1844. [2]
As of May 2019 [update] it contains four species, all found in the United States: [1]
Latrodectus is a broadly distributed genus of spiders with several species that, together, are referred to as true widows. This group is composed of those often loosely called black widow spiders, brown widow spiders, and similar spiders. However, such general "common names" are of limited use as the diversity of species is much greater. A member of the family Theridiidae, this genus contains 32 species, which include several North American "black widows". In addition to these in North America are also the red widow Latrodectus bishopi and the brown widow Latrodectus geometricus, which, in addition to North America, has a much wider geographic distribution. Elsewhere, others include the European black widow, the Australian redback black widow, several different species in Southern Africa that can be called Button spiders, and the South American black widow spiders. Species vary widely in size. In most cases, the females are dark-coloured, but some may have lighter bodies or even reddish. Many can have red, white or brown markings on the upper-side (dorsal) of the abdomen. Some can be readily identifiable by reddish markings on the central underside (ventral) abdomen, which are often hourglass-shaped.
The recluse spiders, also known as brown spiders, fiddle-backs, violin spiders, and reapers, is a genus of spiders that was first described by R. T. Lowe in 1832. They are venomous spiders known for their bite, which sometimes produces a characteristic set of symptoms known as loxoscelism.
Tegenaria is a genus of fast-running funnel weavers that occupy much of the Northern Hemisphere except for Japan and Indonesia. It was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804, though many of its species have been moved elsewhere. The majority of these were moved to Eratigena, including the giant house spider and the hobo spider.
Eriophora is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. It occurs in the Americas, Australasia, and Africa. The name is derived from Ancient Greek roots, and means "wool bearing".
The giant house spider has been treated as either one species, under the name Eratigena atrica, or as three species, E. atrica, E. duellica and E. saeva. As of April 2020, the three species view was accepted by the World Spider Catalog. They are among the largest spiders of Central and Northern Europe. They were previously placed in the genus Tegenaria. In 2013, they were moved to the new genus Eratigena as the single species Eratigena atrica. In 2018, the three separate species were restored. The bite of these species does not pose a threat to humans or pets, and they are generally reluctant to bite, preferring instead to hide or escape.
Theridiosoma is a genus of ray spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1879.
Pimoidae is a small family of araneomorph spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 1986. It contains 37 species in four genera and is monophyletic. It is closely related to the Linyphiidae, and is sometimes treated as synonymous with that family.
Mysmenidae is a spider family with about 135 described species in thirteen genera. The family is one of the least well known of the orb-weaving spiders because of their small size and cryptic behaviour. These spiders are found in humid habitats such as among leaf litter and in caves.
Myrmecotypus is a genus of ant mimicking corinnid sac spiders first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1894. Species mainly occur from Panama to Mexico, with one species found in the United States, and one in Argentina.
Penestomus is a genus of African araneomorph spiders in the family Penestomidae, and was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1902. The genus was formerly included in the family Eresidae, but was elevated to its own family in 2010. It is now considered closer to Zodariidae.
The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of individual web pages in 2000, created by Norman I. Platnick of the American Museum of Natural History. After Platnick's retirement in 2014, the Natural History Museum of Bern (Switzerland) took over the catalog, converting it to a relational database.
Robertus is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1879. It is considered a senior synonym of Garritus.
Tigrosa is a genus of spiders in the family Lycosidae, found in North America.
Ceratinopsis is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by James Henry Emerton in 1882.
Synaphris is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Synaphridae, and was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1894. Originally placed with the tangle web spiders, it was moved to the Symphytognathidae in 1973, and to the Synaphridae in 2003.
Caviphantes is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by R. Oi in 1960.
Gigapassus is a monotypic genus of South American dwarf spiders containing the single species, Gigapassus octarine. It was first described by J. A. Miller in 2007, and has only been found in Argentina.
Gongylidiellum is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1884.
Sisicottus is a genus of sheet weavers that was first described by S. C. Bishop & C. R. Crosby in 1938. They can be found in moss and litter of conifer forests.
Anachemmis is a genus of North American false wolf spiders that was first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin in 1919. It was briefly synonymized with Titiotus, but was reconfirmed as its own distinct genus in 1999.