| Feathered brindle | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Genus: | Aporophyla |
| Species: | A. australis |
| Binomial name | |
| Aporophyla australis | |
| Synonyms | |
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Aporophyla australis, the feathered brindle, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1829. It is found in western and southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
The wingspan is 36–42 mm. Forewing whitish grey with a slight lilac tinge; the veins darker, the costa, inner margin narrowly, a median shade between the stigmata, some wedge-shaped subterminal blotches in the interspaces before subterminal line, and the dark chequering of the fringe brown; inner and outer lines both strongly dentate, but rarely plain, except as streaks on inner margin; stigmata finely outlined with black, the orbicular narrow, oblique, the reniform broader, both, when clear, with a dark centre; the streak from base on submedian fold brown and indistinct; a brown shade often visible on submedian fold between claviform stigma and outer line; hindwing in male white, in female slightly flushed with brown; for this type form Guenée gives Provence and Corsica as localities; - ab. costata ab. nov. [Warren] is a larger form, with the brown tints of the type replaced by blackish fuscous, the costal area of forewing and the fringe especially darkened; the lines equally indistinct; of this I have seen a pair from Rome, a female marked simply Germany, and a single male from Amasia : - scriptura Frr. is uniform dark grey, with the inner and outer lines distinct and dentate; —of this ingenua Frr. is an extreme dark form with the markings in some cases quite lost in the dark suffusion: these last forms are from Greece, Turkey, and Asia Minor; . — cinerea Stgr., from Morocco, is also described as having the forewings unicolorous grey; — pascuea is the British form, which is nearest the type, but whiter, with all the markings very strongly developed and black in the male, the female pinkish grey; the orbicular stigma varies much in this form from a small round to a long elliptical mark becoming confluent with the reniform. [2] The larva is yellowish green tinged with reddish above; a pale reddish line along the middle of the back has black V-shaped marks upon it, and there is a series of black marks on each side; the line along the spiracles is yellowish. The head iis green, brown freckled.
In the British Isles adults are on wing from August to October [3] in one generation per year. In the Balkans there are two generations per year and the flight period is from August to December.
The larvae feed on various plants, including Silene maritima and grasses. The larvae can be found from October to May. The species overwinters in the larval stage. Pupation takes place under moss or underground. [4] [5]
Coastal areas, olive groves, garrigue (phrygana), roadsides.
Apamea crenata, known as the clouded-bordered brindle, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is distributed throughout the Palearctic realm. In the North it crosses the Arctic Circle, in the Mediterranean it is found only in cool locations and mountains avoiding very hot areas. In the Alps, it rises to an altitude of about 2000 metres.
Lygephila pastinum, the blackneck, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1826. It is found in Europe and across the Palearctic Siberia, the Russian Far East, Japan and China.
Lithophane leautieri, the Blair's shoulder-knot, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Europe. It originated from the area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, but gradually moved north.
Hypena rostralis, the buttoned snout, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Europe far into Scandinavia.Then through the Palearctic into Asia Minor, the Caucasus and east to Siberia. It is widespread at forest edges, forest clearings, shore areas, in gardens, park landscapes and cultivated land and rises in the mountains up to 1600 m.
Caradrina clavipalpis, the pale mottled willow, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in his 1763 Entomologia Carniolica. It is found in the Palearctic realm. It is an introduced species in North America, where it was first reported from Queens in New York City in 1993. In 2009 it was found in Rochester, New York, so it appears to be established and spreading.
Euxoa obelisca, the square-spot dart, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm.
Helotropha leucostigma, the crescent, formerly Celaena leucostigma is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm.
Mythimna conigera, the brown-line bright-eye, is a moth of the family Noctuidae.
Catocala nymphagoga, the oak yellow underwing, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Southern Europe, from Bulgaria up to the Iberian Peninsula and sometimes further north as a migrant. It is also found in North Africa and Asia Minor.
Mesapamea secalis, the common rustic, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It is found in Europe, north-west Africa, Turkey and northern Iran.
Apamea unanimis, the small clouded brindle, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1813. It is native to Europe, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and western Siberia. It has been introduced in North America and can now be found in Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, New York, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
Agrotis trux, the crescent dart, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1824. It has a circum-Mediterranean distribution and is found along the coasts of France, Ireland, England, southern Europe, Algeria, Syria, Iraq, Iran, southern Russia and the Arabian Peninsula. In Africa, it is found as far south as South Africa.
Apamea lateritia, the scarce brindle, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in much of the Palearctic. It is a sporadic migrant in Great Britain, where it is recorded from the east and south-east coasts.
Celaena haworthii, or Haworth's minor, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by John Curtis in 1829. It is found from the British Isles and France through northern Europe including Scandinavia, east to the Urals and across the Palearctic to Siberia and up to the Pacific Ocean.
Athetis pallustris, the marsh moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in most of Europe, the southern Urals, southern Russia, Ukraine, eastern Turkey, Siberia, the Amur region, the Russian Far East, Mongolia and northern China.
Stilbia anomala, the false footman or anomalous, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in parts of western Europe.
Lithomoia solidaginis, the golden-rod brindle, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1803. It is found in most of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula, Ireland, Iceland and the western and southern part of the Balkan Peninsula. Then eastwards to the Urals, Kamchatka and Japan.In the Alps it rises to about 1500 meters. It is found mainly on marshy ground, in humid mixed forests as well as in tundra - and taiga areas.
Chloantha hyperici, the pale-shouldered cloud, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in southern Central Europe and from southern Europe to the Near East and Anatolia, Israel, Iraq, the Persian Gulf and the Caucasus, as well as northern Denmark, southern Sweden, southern Norway and south-western Finland.
Polymixis lichenea, the feathered ranunculus, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in western Europe and Morocco. It is mainly found in coastal areas.
Mniotype adusta, the dark brocade, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It was described by Eugenius Johann Christoph Esper in 1790. It is found throughout much of the Palearctic from Europe to Japan, China and Mongolia. It is also found in North America. The habitat consists of heathland, chalky downland, fenland, moorland and upland areas.
