Arrowsmith Peninsula ( 67°15′S67°15′W / 67.250°S 67.250°W ) is a cape about 40 miles (64 km) long on the west coast of Graham Land, west of Forel Glacier, Sharp Glacier and Lallemand Fjord, and northwest of Bourgeois Fjord, with Hanusse Bay lying to the northwest. It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955-58 and named for Edwin Porter Arrowsmith, Governor of the Falkland Islands. [1]
Various features along the coast of Arrowsmith Peninsula have been charted and named. The peninsula and many of its features were first seen and roughly surveyed in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition (FAE) under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. Unless otherwise noted, all of the following features were named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC).
Shmidt Point marks the north extremity of Arrowsmith Peninsula. It was sketched from the air in 1937 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Riddoch Rymill and named in 1954 for Otto Schmidt, director of the Arctic Institute at Leningrad and leader of many Arctic expeditions. [2]
Langmuir Cove indents the north end of the peninsula, just to the west of Shmidt Point. It was named for Irving Langmuir, an American physicist who studied the formation of snow. [3] The northwest extremity of the peninsula is Thorne Point, which is west of the cove. It was mapped in 1960 from surveys made by FIDS personnel, and was named for John Thorne, FIDS meteorologist at Detaille Island. [4] To the west of that is Shumskiy Cove. Photographed from the air by the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) in 1957, it was mapped by FIDS from 1956 to 1959, and later named for Petr A. Shumskiy, Russian glaciologist. [5]
Along the west coast, the headland Bagnold Point divides Shumskiy Cove from Gunnel Channel. It was named in 1960 for Ralph A. Bagnold, English explorer and geologist. [6] Inland to the east lies Mount St. Louis, and farther inland, Meier Valley, named for Mark F. Meier, an American geologist who studied strain in glaciers. [7]
Continuing south along the west coast, the next notable feature is Longridge Head, which forms the north side of Whistling Bay and marks the south end of a small coastal ridge which extends 3 nautical miles (6 km) northward along the peninsula. The descriptive name was applied by FIDS personnel who surveyed the headland in 1948. [8] Whistling Bay is an open bay, 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide and indenting 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) between Longridge Head and Cape Saenz. It was first roughly surveyed in 1936 by BGLE personnel, then resurveyed in 1948 by FIDS, who named it for an unidentified whistling sound heard there at the time of the survey. [9]
The southernmost extremity of the peninsula is Cape Saenz, which was named by Charcot for Roque Sáenz Peña, President of the Argentine Republic. The cape is between Laubeuf Fjord and Bigourdan Fjord. [10] Inland of the cape, the Mercanton Heights stand between Bigourdan Fjord and Nye Glacier. The Heights were mapped by FIDS from 1948 to 1959, and were later named for Swiss glaciologist Paul-Louis Mercanton. [11]
Farther east, just before Arrowsmith Peninsula joins the main coast, rocky Chertigrad Point marks the west side of the entrance to Blind Bay, the northeast extremity and head of Bourgeois Fjord. The point was named by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute (BAI) after the western Bulgarian medieval fortress Chertigrad. [12] Blind Bay was first surveyed in 1936 by the BGLE, and named by FIDS, following a 1949 survey, because the bay proved a blind alley to sledging parties. [13]
Signy Island is a small subantarctic island in the South Orkney Islands of Antarctica. It was named by the Norwegian whaler Petter Sørlle (1884–1933) after his wife, Signy Therese.
Adelaide Island is a large, mainly ice-covered island, 139 kilometres (75 nmi) long and 37 kilometres (20 nmi) wide, lying at the north side of Marguerite Bay off the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The Ginger Islands lie off the southern end. Mount Bodys is the easternmost mountain on Adelaide Island, rising to over 1,220 m. The island lies within the Argentine, British and Chilean Antarctic claims.
Laubeuf Fjord is a sound in Antarctica, 40 kilometres long in a north-south direction and averaging 16 km (10 mi) wide, lying between the east-central portion of Adelaide Island and the southern part of Arrowsmith Peninsula, Graham Land. It connects Hanusse Bay to the north with Marguerite Bay to the south. The southern 'border' between Laubeuf Fjord and Marguerite Bay is formed by the line between Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, and Cape Sáenz, which is the southernmost point of the Arrowsmith Peninsula. The fjord was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and named by him for Maxime Laubeuf, a French marine engineer who supervised building the engine for the ship Pourquoi-Pas.
Hanusse Bay is a broad, V-shaped bay, off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The bay is 37 kilometres (20 nmi) long and trends generally north-south. It is bordered by Cape Mascart on Anvers Island, and Shmidt Point on Arrowsmith Peninsula, Loubet Coast. At its north entrance, Isacke Passage separates it from Liard Island. It is bounded to the south by a line from Landauer Point, the north point of Hansen Island and Bagnold Point on Arrowsmith Peninsula.
Thatcher Peninsula is a mountainous peninsula in north-central South Georgia. Its total area is approximately 5,640 hectares, with roughly 1,620 ha covered in vegetation. It terminates to the north in Mai Point, rising between Cumberland West Bay to the west, and Cumberland East Bay and Moraine Fjord to the east. It is bounded to the southwest and south by Lyell Glacier and Hamberg Glacier. King Edward Cove on the east side of the peninsula is the site of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Grytviken station and the disused whaling station of the same name.
The Bay of Isles is a bay 9 miles (14 km) wide and receding 3 miles (5 km), lying between Cape Buller and Cape Wilson along the north coast of South Georgia. It was discovered in 1775 by a British expedition under James Cook and so named by him because numerous islands lie in the bay. Of South Georgia's 31 breeding bird species, 17 are found here.
Clark Peninsula is a rocky peninsula, about 3 km (2 mi) long and wide, lying 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Australia's Casey Station at the north side of Newcomb Bay on the Budd Coast of Wilkes Land in Antarctica.
Wright Peninsula is a peninsula on the east coast of Adelaide Island, Antarctica, lying between Stonehouse Bay to the north and Ryder Bay to the south. On its northern coastline the peninsula is fringed by the Stokes Peaks; on its southern side by the Reptile Ridge. The Princess Royal Range separates the peninsula from the rest of Adelaide Island; the only 'gap' is provided by McCallum Pass.
Andrew Glacier is a glacier 3 nautical miles (6 km) long, flowing northeast into Ognen Cove in Charcot Bay immediately west of the Webster Peaks on Trinity Peninsula, northern Graham Land.
Bottrill Head is a rugged headland on the east side of Bourgeois Fjord which forms the southwest extremity of German Peninsula and the north side of the entrance to Dogs Leg Fjord in Fallières Coast, on the west side of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was first surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill. The headland was resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) who named it for Harold Bottrill, chairman of the board of directors, later general manager, of Maclean and Stapledon S.A., shipping agents at Montevideo, who gave great assistance to the BGLE, 1934–37, and to FIDS, 1943–48.
The Dorsey Mountains are a mountain range just east of Somigliana Glacier in the northern part of the Arrowsmith Peninsula in Graham Land. They were mapped by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) from surveys and air photos in 1956 to 1959 and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Noah Ernest Dorsey, an American physicist.
The Haslam Heights are a line of peaks trending north-northeast–south-southwest, rising to about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) to the west of Vallot Glacier and Nye Glacier in Arrowsmith Peninsula, Graham Land, Antarctica. They were probably first seen by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10 under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, which roughly charted the area in 1909. They were roughly mapped by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1948, and named in 1985 by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after Rear Admiral Sir David W. Haslam, Hydrographer of the Navy, 1975–85.
The Tyndall Mountains are a group of mountains close south of Avsyuk Glacier in central Arrowsmith Peninsula, Graham Land. Photographed from the air by FIDASE, 1956–57. Mapped by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) from surveys and air photos, 1948–59. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for John Tyndall (1820–93), Irish mountaineer and pioneer glaciologist, author of many works on glaciers and the physical properties of ice.
Seller Glacier is a well-defined glacier, 20 nautical miles (37 km) long and 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide flowing westward into Forster Ice Piedmont, western Antarctic Peninsula, just north of Flinders Peak. Roughly surveyed by British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE), 1936–37, and resurveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in December 1958.
Somigliana Glacier is a glacier flowing north to Langmuir Cove on the north part of Arrowsmith Peninsula in Graham Land. Mapped by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) from surveys and air photos, 1956–59. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Carlo Somigliana, Italian mathematician and physicist who originated a viscous theory of glacier flow, in 1921.
Thomson Head is a steep, rocky headland rising to 915 m at the east side of Bourgeois Fjord, between Perutz and Bader Glaciers, forming the north extremity of German Peninsula on Fallières Coast on the west side of Graham Land, Antarctica. First surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. Resurveyed in 1948-49 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named for William H. Thomson, FIDS air pilot at Stonington Island in 1947.
Remus Glacier is a glacier, 8 nautical miles (15 km) long, which flows from the north slopes of Mount Lupa northwestward along the northeast side of the Blackwall Mountains into Providence Cove, Neny Fjord, on the west coast of Graham Land. The lower reaches of the glacier were first roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. Resurveyed in 1948-49 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), who so named it for its association with Romulus Glacier, whose head lies near the head of this glacier.
Relay Hills is a group of low, ice-covered hills, mainly conical in shape, between Mount Edgell and Kinnear Mountains in western Antarctic Peninsula. First roughly surveyed from the ground by British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE), 1936–37. Photographed from the air by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), November 1947. Resurveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), November 1958. The name, applied by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC), arose because both the BGLE and the FIDS sledging parties had to relay their loads through this area to the head of Prospect Glacier.
Vallot Glacier is a glacier flowing northwest to Laubeuf Fjord close south of Lewis Peaks, on Arrowsmith Peninsula in Graham Land. It was mapped by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) from surveys and air photos, 1948–59, and was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Joseph Vallot, a French naturalist and glaciologist who first measured the surface velocity of a glacier over a long period, in Switzerland, 1891–99.
Clarke Glacier is a 2 miles (3.2 km)-wide, 20 miles (32 km)-long glacier, located on the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica. It flows west, along the north side of Sickle Mountain and the Baudin Peaks, to Mikkelsen Bay.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey .