| Atherinosoma | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Atheriniformes |
| Family: | Atherinidae |
| Subfamily: | Atherininae |
| Genus: | Atherinosoma Castelnau, 1872 |
| Type species | |
| Atherinosoma vorax Castelnau, 1872 [1] | |
Atherinosoma is a genus of silversides from the coastal waters of south-eastern Australia. [2]
The currently recognized species in this genus are: [3]
The Old World silversides are a family, Atherinidae, of fish in the order Atheriniformes. They occur worldwide in tropical and temperate waters. About two-thirds of the species are marine, and the remainder live in fresh water. The 74 species are in 13 genera. The genus Craterocephalus is the most diverse with 25 species. Four genera are monotypic.
Atherinomorus is a genus of silversides in the family Atherinidae.
The hardyhead silverside, also known as the broad-banded hardyhead, broad-banded silverside, Capricorn hardyhead, pitted hardyhead, robust hardyhead, robust silverside, slender hardyhead and wide-banded hardyhead silverside, is a silverside of the family Atherinidae. It occurs in the Indo-Pacific near the surface as well as in the Mediterranean, having invaded as a Lessepsian migrant through the Suez Canal.
The Darling River hardyhead is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae endemic to Australia. The species name amniculus is from the Latin meaning a small creek or stream, in reference to the habitat where these fish are often found.
Craterocephalus is a genus of small and slender brackish or freshwater silversides from Australia and New Guinea. It is the most diverse genus in the family Atherinidae, containing 25 of the 71 species.
The Finke River hardyhead is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae. It is endemic to the Finke River system in the Northern Territory, where it is widespread in open water or around aquatic vegetation. They occur in a wide range of salinity and pH and in Summer seek refuge in semi-permanent water holes. They are omnivores and feed on small crustaceans, insects, gastropods, polychaete worms, algae and fish eggs. This species shows a wide tolerance to temperature and salinity and is omnivore, probably spawning during warmer months. It was previously mis-identified as Craterocephalus eyresii.
The Dalhousie hardyhead is a species of silverside in the family Atherinidae. It is endemic to the warm waters of Dalhousie Springs in the Lake Eyre basin, Australia, along with the similar Craterocephalus gloveri. It inhabits shady areas in tropical freshwater streams at 20-39 °C, but has been recorded at 41.8 °C. Its food consists of gastropods, aquatic plants, green filamentous algae, detritus and small invertebrates; food is mainly taken from the substrate.
The Murray hardyhead is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae endemic to inland parts of southeastern Australia. The fish is an omnivore, feeding on small crustaceans, aquatic insects and algae.
Craterocephalus lentiginosus, the freckled hardyhead is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae endemic to the Kimberley region in the northwest of Australia. It is also called the Prince Regent hardyhead.
The Magela hardyhead or Mariana's Hardyhead, is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae endemic to Australia. It has a very restricted distribution, only found in the Alligator Rivers region of the Northern Territory where it inhabits shallow and fast-flowing freshwater creeks. The fish has a high thermal tolerance, like some other species in the genus Craterocephalus, and may tolerate water temperatures up to 39.5º. The specific name honours Walter Ivantsoff's daughter, Marian.
The fly-specked hardyhead is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae endemic and widespread in the freshwater streams of the Northern Territory down the east coast of Queensland into southern Queensland. It forms shoals in streams' shallows. It grows up to 10 cm in length.
Kestratherina is a genus of silversides endemic to the eastern Indian Ocean off southern Australia.
The smallscale hardyhead is a species of silverside endemic to the Indian Ocean off the southern coast of Australia. This species grows to 9.0 cm (3.5 in) in total length. It is the only known member of its genus.
Leptatherina is a genus of silversides, one freshwater and one marine, native to Australia.
Craterocephalus marjoriae, commonly known as Marjorie's hardyhead or silverstreak hardyhead, is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae that is native to eastern Australia, namely central Queensland to northeastern New South Wales. Here it inhabits clear flowing streams and it is common among the vegetation in their margins. It prefers shallow water over streambeds consisting of sand or gravel. It forms shoals. They spawn on multiple occasions between September and January, although this peaks earlier in the season. They form pairs for spawning, the eggs being deposited on aquatic vegetation to which they adhere. The eggs are large measuring 1.15-1.25 mm in diameter and have adhesive filaments. The eggs hatch after around a week and the larvae measure about 5.7 mm standard length. Their diet consist mostly of aquatic insects and their larvae, small crustaceans, algae and fish eggs. This species was described by Gilbert P. Whitley in 1948 with the type locality given as Eidsvold on the Burnett River in Queensland. Whitley may have named this species in honour of his sister Marjorie Frewer.
Atherinosoma microstoma, commonly known as the small mouth hardyhead, is a species of silverside native to southeastern Australia. It occurs in streams, inland lakes, estuaries and the nearby coastal waters of south-eastern Australia, from Tuggerah Lakes in New South Wales to Lake George in South Australia, as well as in the Bass Strait in Tasmania and Victoria. This species frequently forms schools and they prefer to be among sea grass beds or other aquatic vegetation. This species was described as Atherina microstoma by Albert Günther of the British Museum in 1872 with the type locality given as Tasmania. Francis de LaPorte de Castelnau used the species he had named as Atherinosoma vorax as the type species of the genus he called Atherinosoma but this was a synonym for Günther's Atherina microstoma, which became Atherinosoma microstoma.
Helen K. Larson is an ichthyologist who specialises in the fishes of the Indo-Pacific.
Atherion elymus, the bearded silverside or pickleface hardyhead, is a species of silverside from the family Atherionidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.
Atherinosoma elongata, the elongate hardyhead, is a species of silverside from the family Atherinidae. This species is found in shallow estuaries, sheltered bays, inlets, lagoons and estuaries in southwestern and southern Australia from the Bowes River in Western Australia to Nelson in southwestern Victoria with a gap which runs from Point Demspter in Western Australia and Fowlers Bay, South Australia. This species was described as Atherina elongata in 1879 by Carl Benjamin Klunzinger with a type locality of King George Sound in Western Australia.
Craterocephalus eyresii, the Lake Eyre hardyhead, is a species of freshwater silverside from the family Atherinidae which is endemic to the Lake Eyre basin in Australia.
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