Aureoboletus betula

Aureoboletus betula
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Boletales
Family:	Boletaceae
Genus:	Aureoboletus
Species:	A. betula
Binomial name
Aureoboletus betula (Schwein.) M. Kuo & B. Ortiz (2020)
Synonyms
Boletus betula Schwein. (1822) Ceriomyces betula Murrill (1909) Boletellus betula E.-J.Gilbert (1931) Frostiella betula Murrill (1942) Austroboletus betula E. Horak (1980) Heimiella betula Watling (1990) Heimioporus betula E. Horak (2004)

Aureoboletus betula Mycological characteristics
	Pores on hymenium
	Cap is convex
	Hymenium is adnate
	Stipe is bare
	Spore print is olive
	Ecology is mycorrhizal
	Edibility is edible

Aureoboletus betula is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Boletaceae. ^[1] It is commonly known as the shaggy-stalked bolete. ^[2]

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1822 by the German-American mycologist Lewis David de Schweinitz and classified as Boletus betula. ^[3] It has been reclassified many times over the years. In 2004, the Austrian mycologist Egon Horak's classified it as Heimioporus betula. ^{[4] [5]} In 2020, it was reclassified as Aureoboletus betula by the mycologists Michael Kuo and Beatriz Ortiz-Santana. ^[6]

Etymology

The specific epithet 'betula', meaning birch, does not an imply a preference for growing under birch trees but to their shaggy bark, which the stipe of this species is reminiscent of. ^[7]

Description

The cap is 2–5 centimetres (3⁄4–2 in) wide, convex and broadening with age. ^[2] It starts golden yellow, discolouring to brownish yellow or reddish orange. The texture is sticky and the flesh is yellow. ^[8] There are 1–2 pores every millimetre with tubes that are 1.5 cm deep. They are bright yellow, turning greenish yellow with age. ^[8]

The stem is 8–15 cm (3+1⁄4–6 in) tall and 1–2 cm thick. ^[2] It is distinctly textured with deep ridges and a slightly swollen and rooting base. The stem flesh is white, staining pink when exposed to air. ^[8] The taste and smell are indistinct. ^[8]

The spores are ellipsoid, measuring 16–24 x 7–12  μm. The spore print is olive. ^[8]

Similar species

Outside of its genus, it resembles Butyriboletus frostii , which is relatively more red and squat. ^[2]

Distribution and habitat

It is found under oaks, or in mixed woods of pine and oak, primarily in the southern Appalachians, from July to September. ^[2]

Edibility

This species is edible. ^{[9] [10]}

References

1. "Species Fungorum - Aureoboletus betula (Schwein.) M. Kuo & B. Ortiz, Mycologia 112(1): 205 (2020)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-07-15.
2. Audubon (2023). Mushrooms of North America. Knopf. p. 318. ISBN   978-0-593-31998-7.
3. "Species Fungorum - Boletus betula Schwein., Schr. naturf. Ges. Leipzig 1: 94 [68 of repr.] (1822)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-07-16.
4. Horak, E. (1999). "New Genera of Agaricales (Basidiomycota). 1. Rapacea gen. nov" . Kew Bulletin. 54 (3): 789–794. doi:10.2307/4110877. ISSN   0075-5974. JSTOR   4110877.
5. "Heimioporus E. Horak gen. nov. - replacing HeimiellaBoedijn (1951, syn. post., Boletales, Basidiomycota)" (PDF).
6. Kuo, Michael; Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz (2020-01-02). "Revision of leccinoid fungi, with emphasis on North American taxa, based on molecular and morphological data" . Mycologia. 112 (1): 197–211. doi:10.1080/00275514.2019.1685351. ISSN   0027-5514. PMID   31900053. S2CID   209751453.
7. "Alabama Mushroom Society - Aureoboletus". alabamamushroomsociety.org. Retrieved 2022-07-16.
8. Kuo, M. (2020). "Aureoboletus betula". MushroomExpert.Com. Retrieved 2022-07-16.
9. Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuides. p. 390. ISBN   978-0-7627-3109-1.
10. "Boletellus betula ("Shaggy Stalked Bolete")". The Bolete Filter. 2015-07-23. Retrieved 2022-07-16.