Banksia bipinnatifida | |
---|---|
At Red Hill | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Proteales |
Family: | Proteaceae |
Genus: | Banksia |
Subgenus: | Banksia subg. Banksia |
Series: | Banksia ser. Dryandra |
Species: | B. bipinnatifida |
Binomial name | |
Banksia bipinnatifida | |
Subspecies | |
| |
Synonyms [1] | |
|
Banksia bipinnatifida is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It is a prostrate shrub with a lignotuber, an underground stem, only a few divided leaves, large cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers and large fruit.
Banksia bipinnatifida is a prostrate shrub with a lignotuber, an underground stem and only a few above-ground leaves. The leaves are bipinnatipartite, meaning that they are deeply lobed, the lobes themselves lobed, giving the impression of a bipinnate leaf. Each leaf is 70–330 mm (2.8–13.0 in) long and 30–70 mm (1.2–2.8 in) wide in outline, the lobes linear in shape, about 50 mm (2.0 in) long and the secondary lobes up to 17 mm (0.67 in) long. The edges of the leaflets are rolled under and hairy on the lower surface. The flower spikes develop on the ends of the underground stem with thirty for forty-five flowers in each spike, each flower surrounded by bracts 45–80 mm (1.8–3.1 in) long. The perianth is pink and cream-coloured to pale yellow, 40–57 mm (1.6–2.2 in) long and the pistil is 43–60 mm (1.7–2.4 in) long. Flowering occurs from October to November and the fruit is an egg-shaped follicle 17–23 mm (0.67–0.91 in) long and 13–17 mm (0.51–0.67 in) wide. [2] [3] [4]
Specimens of this species were first collected by Charles Fraser near the Swan River during the Stirling expedition of 1827. A formal description was published in 1830 by Robert Brown, who named it Dryandra bipinnatifida and published the description in the supplement to his Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen . [5] [6] The specific epithet is a Latinised form of the word "bipinnatifid", in reference to the bipinnate appearance of the leaves. In 2007 Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all dryandras to the genus Banksia. [7] [8]
In 1996, Alex George described two subspecies in the journal Nuytsia . [4] Mast and Thiels also transferred these to Banksia and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
Banksia bipinnatifida occurs south from Eneabba and Mount Lesueur south to Manjimup and Busselton. Subspecies bipinnatifida grows in jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata ) forest and woodland from east of Perth to Manjimup and subspecies multifida is found in kwongan in the northern part of the species' distribution. [3] [4]
Banksia biterax is a species of dense shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, deeply serrated leaves and spikes of up to 200 pale to dark brown flowers.
Banksia borealis is a species of sprawling shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has leaves with sharply pointed lobes on each side, between thirty and fifty flowers in a gold-coloured spike and egg-shaped fruit. There are two subspecies occurring in two disjunct areas.
Banksia concinna is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has elliptical leaves with between five and twenty triangular teeth on each side, hairy heads of yellow flowers and hairy, egg-shaped fruit.
Banksia foliolata is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, pinnatifid leaves, heads of about sixty cream-coloured and maroon flowers and oblong to elliptical follicles. It grows on rocky slopes in dense shrubland in the Stirling Range National Park.
Banksia fraseri is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, broadly linear pinnatisect leaves with between four and eighteen sharply-pointed lobes on each side, between eighty and one hundred pink to cream-coloured flowers and wege-shaped follicles.
Banksia glaucifolia is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has deeply serrated, wedge-shaped leaves with sharply pointed lobes, pale yellow flowers and follicles with hairy edges.
Banksia ionthocarpa is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has short, hairy, prostrate stems, pinnatifid leaves, pinkish purple to orange flower in heads of between forty and sixty at the base of leaves, and egg-shaped follicles with a distinctive tuft of hairs on the end.
Banksia dallanneyi, commonly known as couch honeypot, is a species of prostrate shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It only has a short above-ground stem, pinnatipartite or pinnatisect leaves, between thirty and seventy variously coloured flowers and glabrous, egg-shaped fruit.
Banksia prolata is a species of bushy shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has linear, serrated or pinnatifid leaves, yellow flowers in heads of between 150 and 250, and egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia nivea, commonly known as honeypot dryandra, is a species of rounded shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the plant as bulgalla. It has linear, pinnatipartite leaves with triangular lobes, heads of cream-coloured and orange or red flowers and glabrous, egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia obtusa, commonly known as shining honeypot, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has underground stems, linear pinnatifid leaves with triangular lobes on each side, cream-coloured to yellow flowers in heads of up to seventy, surrounded by dark reddish bracts and egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia plumosa is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, broadly linear pinnatifid to pinnatipartite leaves with triangular lobes, creamy-yellow flowers in heads of up to eighty, and egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia acuminata is a rare prostrate shrub endemic to south-west Western Australia. It was published in 1848 as Dryandra preissii, but transferred into Banksia as B. acuminata in 2007.
Banksia pteridifolia, commonly known as tangled honeypot, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has short, underground stems, deeply pinnatipartite leaves with sharply-pointed, linear lobes on the sides, creamy white or yellow flowers in heads of about one hundred and later up to five follicles in each head.
Banksia bella, commonly known as the Wongan dryandra, is a species of dense shrub that is endemic to a restricted area of Western Australia. It has narrow, deeply serrated leaves covered with white hairs on the lower surface, heads of yellow flowers and few follicles in the fruiting head.
Banksia seneciifolia is a species of column-shaped shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has linear, pinnatifid leaves, yellow flowers in heads of about twenty-five, and narrow egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia serratuloides is a species of small shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has linear, pinnatipartite leaves, yellow and pink flowers in heads of about forty and hairy, wrinkled follicles.
Banksia splendida, commonly known as shaggy dryandra, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has sharply-pointed linear leaves that are woolly on the lower surface, cream-coloured and maroon or yellow flowers in heads of between 65 and 115, and later up to eight egg-shaped follicles in each head.
Banksia squarrosa, commonly known as pingle, is a species of prickly shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has linear to narrow lance-shaped leaves with up to ten sharply-pointed teeth on each side, yellow flowers in heads of about sixty and later, up to seven oblong to egg-shaped follicles in each head.
Grevillea bipinnatifida, commonly known as fuchsia grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub, usually with bipinnatifid leaves and loose clusters of dull pink to crimson flowers.