The Penang betta is a species of gourami native to Southeast Asia and common in swiftly flowing forest streams of the Malay Peninsula, Thailand, Sumatra, and the Riau Islands. In addition to its native range, the species has been introduced to Guam. It can be found amongst the vegetation growing along the banks. This species can reach a length of 6.7 centimetres (2.6 in) SL. It is one of the mouthbrooding Betta species. This species, as a natural predator of mosquito larvae, has found use in mosquito control efforts. Prior to its being eclipsed in Western public recognition by the mass-imported B. splendens, B. pugnax was well known as a fighting fish, as denoted by the specific epithet of pugnax, attracting the interest of scientists studying animal behaviour at least as long ago as the 1880s.
The spotted betta or Java fighting fish is a species of gourami endemic to Indonesia where it inhabits relatively cool, 22‒25 °C (72‒75 °F), highland streams of Java. In 1967, D. S. Johnson reported the species to be common in blackwaters of southern Malaya.
Betta persephone is a species of labyrinth fish endemic to Malaysia where it is only known from Johor. This betta's specific epithet derives from the Greek goddess Persephone, queen of the Underworld, a reference to the largely blackish colouration of this fish.
Betta burdigala is a species of gourami endemic to Bangka Island in Indonesia. It is an inhabitant of peat swamps. This species grows to a length of 2.5 cm (0.98 in).
Betta chloropharynx is a species of gourami endemic to Bangka Island, Indonesia. It inhabits the leaf litter in a pool in a secondary forest. This species grows to a length of 5.9 cm (2.3 in).
The spotfin betta or Brunei beauty is a species of labyrinth fish endemic to the island of Borneo. It generally inhabits pools of very slow-moving water along rivers and streams in very shallow waters of 30 cm (12 in) or less. This species grows to a length of 6.7 cm (2.6 in) in the wild, and is occasionally found in the aquarium trade; in captivity this species regularly reaches 4 inches in length.
Betta spilotogena is a species of gourami endemic to Indonesia where it is only known from the islands of Bintan and Singkep. It inhabits swamps and nearby streams preferring areas with plentiful vegetation and 0.5 metres (1.6 ft) or less in depth. This species grows to a length of 7 centimetres (2.8 in) SL.
The peaceful betta or crescent betta is a species of gourami native to Southeast Asia.
Betta is a large genus of small, active, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes, in the gourami family (Osphronemidae). The best known Betta species is B. splendens, commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish and often kept as an aquarium pet.
Betta mandor is a species of gourami endemic to the island of Borneo where it is only known from the Indonesian province of Kalimantan Barat where it is found in the Kapuas basin. It is an inhabitant of streams and pools in forested swamps, usually found in quite shallow waters. It feeds on insects and other small invertebrate prey. This species can reach a length of 5.7 centimetres (2.2 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Betta unimaculata, the Howong betta, is a species of labyrinth fish endemic to the island of Borneo where it is only known from the eastern portion of the island. This species grows to a length of 12.6 centimetres (5.0 in) TL, one of the largest known species of Betta. This species is also found in the aquarium trade.
Betta coccina is a species of betta native to Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra, Indonesia. It grows to a length of 5.6 cm (2.2 in). It can be found in the aquarium trade.
Betta bellica. the slim betta or slender betta, is a species of betta native to eastern Sumatra in Indonesia and Peninsular Malaysia. It is an inhabitant of swamp forests and peat swamps. This species grows to a length of 10 cm (3.9 in). It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Betta simorum is a species of gourami endemic to Indonesia. This species grows to a length of 6.4 centimetres (2.5 in) SL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade. The species was named simorum and uses the Latin genitive plural "of the Sims", named so in honour of Thomas G. K. Sim and his wife Farrah, of Sindo Aquarium in Jambi, Sumatra.
Betta edithae is a species of gourami endemic to Indonesia where it occurs in Kalimantan, Sumatra and the Riau Archipelago. This species grows to a length of 8.2 cm (3.2 in), and can be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the German aquarist Edith Korthaus (1923-1987), who co-discovered this species with her husband Walter Foersch. Walter is honoured in the specific name of another species they discovered, Betta foerschi.
The Toba betta is a species of gourami endemic to Sumatra, Indonesia where it is an inhabitant of peat swamps. The species grows to a length of 5 centimetres (2.0 in) TL, and it can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Betta channoides is a species of betta endemic to the island of Borneo in Indonesia, where it is only found in the province of Kalimantan Timur. It is an inhabitant of the shallows of acidic brown-water forest streams. This species grows to a length of 5.0 cm (2.0 in).
Betta falx is a species of betta endemic to the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is an inhabitant of acidic, nearly stagnant water, where it can be found amongst the vegetation along the banks. This species grows to a length of 3.5 cm (1.4 in).
Betta ferox is a species of gourami endemic to Thailand. It is only found in rivers in Songkhla Province, where it resides along shallow riverbanks among vegetation. This species grows to a length of 6.3 centimetres (2.5 in) SL. This species is closely related to Betta pugnax and is also a paternal mouthbrooder. Males and females are dimorphic, with males displaying elongated ventral fins, elongated caudal fins, and green coloration on the gill plates. Females typically display two horizontal brown bars across their bodies, shorter fins, and a more rounded body shape.
Betta raja is a species of betta endemic to the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is an inhabitant of swamps in lowland forests. This species grows to a length of 6.4 centimetres (2.5 in) SL. It is used as bait by local fishermen and has also been found in the aquarium trade. Despite its scientific epithet "raja" meaning "Prince" or "king", this species is not identical to the aquarium breed - the King betta. The derivation of the King betta is not fully known and may or may not involve crossbreeding with B. raja.
