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The Réunion hotspot is a volcanic hotspot which currently lies under the island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean. The Chagos-Laccadive Ridge and the southern part of the Mascarene Plateau are volcanic traces of the Réunion hotspot.
The Mascarene Plateau is a submarine plateau in the Indian Ocean, north and east of Madagascar. The plateau extends approximately 2,000 km (1,200 mi), from Seychelles in the north to Réunion in the south. The plateau covers an area of over 115,000 km2 (44,000 sq mi) of shallow water, with depths ranging from 8–150 m (30–490 ft), plunging to 4,000 m (13,000 ft) to the abyssal plain at its edges. It is the second largest undersea plateau in the Indian Ocean after the Kerguelen Plateau.
Haloarchaea are a class of the Euryarchaeota, found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. Halobacteria are now recognized as archaea, rather than bacteria and are one of the largest groups. The name 'halobacteria' was assigned to this group of organisms before the existence of the domain Archaea was realized, and while valid according to taxonomic rules, should be updated. Halophilic archaea are generally referred to as haloarchaea to distinguish them from halophilic bacteria.
The Central Indian Ridge (CIR) is a north-south-trending mid-ocean ridge in the western Indian Ocean.
The Ninety East Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge on the Indian Ocean floor named for its near-parallel strike along the 90th meridian at the center of the Eastern Hemisphere. It is approximately 5,000 kilometres (3,100 mi) in length and can be traced topographically from the Bay of Bengal southward towards the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR), though the feature continues to the north where it is hidden beneath the sediments of the Bengal Fan. The ridge extends between latitudes 33°S and 17°N and has an average width of 200 km.
The Arabian Basin is an oceanic basin located in the southern part of the Arabian Sea between the Arabian Peninsula and India. It is centered at 10° N, 65° E. The basin depth ranges from 3,400 m in the north to 4,400 m in the south, with a maximum depth of 4,652 m. The floor is covered by sediments from the Indus submarine fan and is relatively smooth.
The Chagos–Laccadive Ridge (CLR), also known as Chagos–Laccadive Plateau, is a prominent volcanic ridge and oceanic plateau extending between the Northern and the Central Indian Ocean.
Exiguobacterium is a genus of bacilli and a member of the low GC phyla of Firmicutes. Collins et al. first described the genus Exiguobacterium with the characterization of E. aurantiacum strain DSM6208T from an alkaline potato processing plant. It has been found in areas covering a wide range of temperatures (-12 °C—55 °C) including glaciers in Greenland and hot springs in Yellowstone, and has been isolated from ancient permafrost in Siberia. This ability to survive in varying temperature extremes makes them an important area of study. Some strains in addition to dynamic thermal adaption are also halotolerant, can grow within a wide range of pH values (5-11), tolerate high levels of UV radiation, and heavy metal stress.
Psychrobacter aquaticus is a Gram-negative, psychrophilic, halotolerant, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter which was isolated from the McMurdo Dry Valley region of Antarctica.
Amycolatopsis rifamycinica is a species of Gram-positive bacteria in the genus Amycolatopsis. It produces the rifamycin antibiotics, which are used to treat mycobacterial diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy. Amycolatopsis rifamycinica has been renamed several times. When it was first isolated from a French soil sample in 1957, it was identified as Streptomyces mediterranei. In 1969, the bacterium was renamed Nocardia mediterranei because its cell wall was thought to resemble that of Nocardia species. The bacterium was renamed Amycolatopsis mediterranei in 1986 after finding that it is not susceptible to Nocardia phage and has a cell wall that lacks mycolic acid. Finally, in 2004, it was renamed Amycolatopsis rifamycinica based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.
Microbacterium indicum is a bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Chagos Trench in the Indian Ocean.
Bhargavaea beijingensis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Bhargavaea which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge from the Indian Ocean.
Bhargavaea ginsengi is a Gram-positive, moderately halotolerant and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Bhargavaea which has been isolated from the roots of a ginseng plant in Beijing in China.
Anseongella is a genus from the family of Sphingobacteriaceae.
Arcticibacter svalbardensis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Arcticibacter which has been isolated from surface soil from Ny-Ålesund on Svalbard.
Cesiribacter is a genus from the family of Flammeovirgaceae.
Cesiribacter andamanensis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Cesiribacter which has been isolated from soil from a mud volcano on the Andaman Island in India. The bacterium was closest to the genus Marivirga. The growth was observed at 18-37 degree Celsius but had the most growth around 30-37 degree Celsius.
Cyclobacterium is a mesophilic, neutrophilic, chemoorganotrophic and aerobic bacterial genus from the family of Cytophagaceae. Cyclobacterium bacteria occur in marine habitats
Thalassotalea is an aerobic and chemo-organo-heterotrophic genus of bacteria from the family Colwelliaceae which occur in the ocean and in sea ice.
Caenispirillum is a bacterial genus from the family of Rhodospirillaceae.
