The Frontier Service, officially called the Committee for State Border Protection of the National Security Service (Uzbek : Milliy xavfsizlik xizmatining Davlat chegaralarini qo'riqlash qo'mitasi) and commonly referred to as the National Border Guard, [1] is a department of the military and National Security Service [2] of Uzbekistan responsible for border security, part of the Security Service since 2005. [3]
A small riverine naval force is operated by the Frontier Service on the Amu Darya river, with two Gurza-class gunboats in service as well as other small craft. [4]
In early 2021, the government ordered the creation of civilian border guard detachments to assist the border troops. It recruits citizens between the ages of 18 and 60 who live in village near the national border, and can work on a voluntary basis. The detachments aide in border surveillance and conducts night patrols. [5]
It has had many disagreements with the Frontier Forces of Kyrgyzstan since 2011. [6]
The Border Troops helped respond to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan. It received personal protective equipment by the EU-funded BOMCA Programme, which included 15 000 facemasks. [7]
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the unified armed forces of Kazakhstan. It consists of three branches as well as four independent formations. The National Guard, Civil Defense, Border Service and the State Security Service serve as militarized affiliates of the armed forces. The national defence policy aims are based on the Constitution of Kazakhstan. They guarantee the preservation of the independence and sovereignty of the state and the integrity of its land area, territorial waters and airspace and its constitutional order. The armed forces of Kazakhstan act under the authority of the Kazakhstan Ministry of Defence.
The Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic is the national military of Kyrgyzstan. It was originally formed from the former Soviet forces of the Turkestan Military District stationed in newly independent Kyrgyzstan. It consists of the Ground Forces, the Air Force and the National Guard. Affiliated security forces to the armed forces included the Internal Troops, the State Committee for National Security and the Border Troops.
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan, also known as the Tajik National Army is the national military of the Republic of Tajikistan. It consists of Ground Forces, Mobile Forces, and the Air Force, with closely affiliated forces including the national guard, border and internal troops.
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan, is the name of the unified armed forces of Uzbekistan, consisting of the Ground Force and the Air and Air Defense forces under the defence ministry). Paramilitary units include the National Guard, a Frontier Service. and a River Force. It is reported to be the largest, and the strongest in Central Asia. 'The country [has] also began professionalizing its military, an effort that has only limited success and erratic government support. But even in Uzbekistan, these changes represent merely a modest beginning and most of the benefits are concentrated in a few elite, higher readiness formations rather than uniformly applied to the entire force. The Uzbek military is woefully inadequate, but it is far superior to its neighbours.'
Kyrgyzstan, sometimes called Kirghizia, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and China to the east. Its capital and largest city is Bishkek. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up the majority of the country's six million people, followed by significant minorities of Uzbeks and Russians. The Kyrgyz language is closely related to other Turkic languages, although Russian remains spoken and is a co-official language. Ninety percent of Kyrgyzstan's population are Muslim, with the majority of its population following Sunni Islam. In addition to its nomadic Turco-Mongol origins, Kyrgyz culture bears elements of Turco-Persian tradition and Russian influence.
A border guard of a country is a national security agency that performs border security. Some of the national border guard agencies also perform coast guard and rescue service duties.
The State Border Service of Azerbaijan Republic, also known as Border Guard of Azerbaijan, is a governmental law enforcement agency in charge of protecting the borders of Azerbaijan. The Chief of State Border Service and Commander of Border Troops is Colonel-General Elchin Guliyev. Other law enforcement bodies in Azerbaijan include the Internal Troops of Azerbaijan and the Azerbaijani National Guard.
On 13 May 2005, protests erupted in Andijan, Uzbekistan. At one point, troops from the Uzbek National Security Service (SNB) fired into a crowd of protesters. Estimates of those killed on 13 May range from 187, the official count of the government, to several hundred. A defector from the SNB alleged that 1,500 were killed. The bodies of many of those who died were allegedly hidden in mass graves following the massacre.
The State Security Service is the national intelligence agency of the government of Uzbekistan. It was created on 26 September 1991 as a successor to the KGB and its republican affiliate in the Uzbek SSR. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, it has retained the same responsibilities and a similar range of functional units, including paramilitary police and special forces. It was renamed from the National Security Service on 14 March 2018. The SNB was a rival of the Interior Ministry until 2005, when it was brought under its control. In recent years, the SNB has been sidelined in favor of the Uzbekistan National Guard, which was largely seen as being loyal to former president Islam Karimov.
The Border Troops, also called the Border Service, is the border security force of Tajikistan. Functioning under the State Committee for National Security as part of the Armed Forces, the border guards are trained by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, along with the Afghan Border Police. A higher education college is located in the capital, Dushanbe, the Border Troops Academy, and a Border Troops Training Centre is located south of it, in the Rudaki District. The main control station of the border troops is the Border Management Center of the Main Border Guard Directorate of the SCNS.
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a body of the Government of Uzbekistan that is charged with the internal affairs of Uzbekistan and oversees the national police. The Ministry of Internal Affairs was founded on 25 August 1991. It replaced the Soviet Interior Ministry. The current Minister of Internal Affairs is Pulat Bobojonov. The ministry holds joint control over the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It also administers the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which is the official educational institution of the ministry.
The Uzbek Ground Forces are the land component of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Operating since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the army is made up of former Soviet Army units that were in the territory of Uzbekistan. As of 2006, it had around 40,000 active personnel. Much of the equipment it uses is also old Soviet material, and the government of Uzbekistan has not given much effort to replace it with modern equipment.
The Border Guard Service of the State Committee for National Security of the Kyrgyz Republic also commonly known as the Kyrgyz Frontier Force is the border guard of the Kyrgyz Republic. It is currently a Public Service department of the government of the republic and is not part of any ministries.
The National Guard of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a uniformed independent formation within the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The headquarters of the National Guard is based in Tashkent, where most of the 30,000 soldiers that make up the force are located. As of 2020, the individual in charge of the UNG is currently Rustam Jo'raev. He succeeded Colonel General Bakhodir Tashmatov and Botir Tursunov.
The State Border Service (SBS) also commonly known by its paramilitary force as the Turkmen Border Troops is a border guard agency of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan. It is currently a public service department of the government of the country and is under the command of the Ministry for National Security of Turkmenistan.
The State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus, GPK manages the international borders of Belarus. Its armed paramilitary force is known as the Border Guard Service, It carries out committee orders and policy. The service covers the borders with Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia.
The Border Service of the National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a governmental paramilitary forces that manages the international borders of Kazakhstan. August 18 is celebrated as the Day of the Border Troops, which is the professional holiday of the Border service.
The State Committee for National Security is the national agency responsible for intelligence on counter terrorism and organised crime in Kyrgyzstan. In carrying out this task, it carries out both preventive and investigative measures against organized terrorism and crime. The chairman of the UKMK is a military officer and a member of the Security Council of Kyrgyzstan. It is currently based on 70 Erkindik Street, Bishkek.
The National Security Council under the President of Uzbekistan is the central advisory body of the Uzbek government which aides and assists the President in implementation of military policy.
A border conflict began between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021. The events regarding the conflict's outbreak are disputed, but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two Central Asian countries. Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near the border. At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40,000 civilians were displaced. In January 2022, sporadic clashes resumed, killing at least 2 and wounding many more.
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