| Bryoxiphium madeirense | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Bryophyta |
| Class: | Bryopsida |
| Subclass: | Dicranidae |
| Order: | Bryoxiphiales |
| Family: | Bryoxiphiaceae |
| Genus: | Bryoxiphium |
| Species: | B. madeirense |
| Binomial name | |
| Bryoxiphium madeirense A.Löve & D.Löve [2] | |
Bryoxiphium madeirense is a species of moss in the Bryoxiphiaceae family. It is endemic to the Island of Madeira in the North Atlantic, part of Portugal. [3] [4]
Bryoxiphium madeirense is endemic to Madeira Island, Portugal, with fewer than five known localities and a severely fragmented population. It occurs in moist and dripping volcanic rocks in shaded streams in natural laurel forests, at altitudes between 500 and 1,500 metres (1,600 and 4,900 ft). [1]
Madeira, officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira, is one of two autonomous regions of Portugal, the other being the Azores. It is an archipelago situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, in a region known as Macaronesia, just under 400 kilometres (250 mi) to the north of the Canary Islands and 520 kilometres (320 mi) west of the Kingdom of Morocco. Madeira is geologically located on the African Tectonic Plate, although it is culturally, politically and ethnically associated with Europe, with its population predominantly descended from original Portuguese settlers. Its population was 251,060 in 2021. The capital of Madeira is Funchal, which is located on the main island's south coast.
The Savage Islands or Selvagens Islands are a small Portuguese archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, 280 kilometres (175 mi) south of Madeira, and 165 kilometres (105 mi) north of the Canary Islands. The archipelago includes two major islands, Selvagem Grande and Selvagem Pequena, each surrounded by a cluster of islets and reefs, with the total area of 2.73 km2 (1.05 sq mi). The archipelago is administered as part of the Portuguese municipality of Funchal, belongs to the Madeiran civil parish of Sé, and is the southernmost point of Portugal.
Macaronesia is a collection of four volcanic archipelagos in the North Atlantic, off the coasts of Africa and Europe. Each archipelago is made up of a number of Atlantic oceanic islands, which are formed by seamounts on the ocean floor whose peaks have risen above the ocean's surface. Some of the Macaronesian islands belong to Portugal, some belong to Spain, and the rest belong to Cape Verde. Politically, the islands belonging to Portugal and Spain are part of the European Union. Geologically, Macaronesia is part of the African tectonic plate. Some of its islands – the Azores – are situated along the edge of that plate at the point where it abuts the Eurasian and North American plates.
The trocaz pigeon, Madeira laurel pigeon or long-toed pigeon is a pigeon which is endemic to the island of Madeira, Portugal. It is a mainly grey bird with a pinkish breast; its silvery neck patch and lack of white wing markings distinguish it from its close relative and probable ancestor, the common wood pigeon. Its call is a characteristic six-note cooing, weaker and lower-pitched than that of the wood pigeon. Despite its bulky, long-tailed appearance, this pigeon has a fast, direct flight.
Dracaena draco, the Canary Islands dragon tree or drago, is a subtropical tree in the genus Dracaena, native to the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira, western Morocco, and is thought to be introduced in the Azores. Its closest living relative is the dragon blood tree of Socotra, Dracaena cinnabari.
The Madeira pipistrelle is a species of vesper bat. It is endemic to Azores, Madeira and the Canary Islands.
Idiomela subplicata is a species of medium-sized air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropods in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.
Lemniscia galeata is a species of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies.
Disculella spirulina is a species of gastropod in the Geomitridae family.
Bryoxiphium is the only genus of moss in family Bryoxiphiaceae, described as a genus in 1869.
Ilex canariensis, the small-leaved holly, is an endemic species of holly native to Macaronesian islands. It is a species of plant in the family Aquifoliaceae. It is found in the Macaronesian islands of Madeira (Portugal) and Canary Islands (Spain).
Ocotea foetens, commonly called til or stinkwood is a species of tree in the family Lauraceae. It is evergreen and grows up to 40 m tall. It is a common constituent of the laurisilva forests of Madeira and the Canary Islands. Leaf fossils of this species are known from the Mio-Pleistocene of Madeira Island.
Riccia atlantica is a species of liverwort in the family Ricciaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira archipelago and the Savage Islands in Portugal. Its natural habitat is rocky shores.
Sideroxylon mirmulano, commonly known as marmulano, is a species of flowering plants in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira Islands (Portugal). It is threatened by habitat loss.
Thamnobryum fernandesii is a species of moss in the family Neckeraceae. It is endemic to Madeira in Portugal, where it is known from just a few locations. It grows in wet habitats, such as waterfalls and drip zones.
Terras Madeirenses is a Portuguese wine region situated on the islands of Madeira, both on the main island and on the Porto Santo Island. The region is classified as a Vinho Regional (VR), which corresponds to table wines with a geographical indication under European Union wine regulations, similar to a French vin de pays region. Terras Madeirenses is a designation for simpler, non-fortified wines from Madeira, while the more famous fortified Madeira wines use the designation Madeira DOC.
Geomitra grabhami is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Geomitridae.
Amphorella cimensis is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ferussaciidae.
Ilhéu de Cima is a small island about 400 meters off the east coast of Porto Santo Island, Madeira, Portugal. Its area is 30.07 ha. The islet is 121 meters high, bare and nearly flat, with steep cliffs towards the sea. It is the easternmost point of the Madeira archipelago. It is part of the Network of Marine Protected Areas of Porto Santo (RAMPPS), which covers the six islets around Porto Santo and the marine areas surrounding them. There is a lighthouse on the northeastern part of the island. It is a 15 m high masonry tower, with focal height 124 m. It went into operation in 1901.
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