CA11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aliases | CA11 , CARPX1, carbonic anhydrase 11, CA-RP II, CA-RP, CARP-2, CA-XI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 604644 MGI: 1336193 HomoloGene: 36061 GeneCards: CA11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA11 gene. [5] [6]
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA XI is likely a secreted protein, however, radical changes at active site residues completely conserved in CA isozymes with catalytic activity, make it unlikely that it has carbonic anhydrase activity. It shares properties in common with two other acatalytic CA isoforms, CA VIII and CA X. CA XI is most abundantly expressed in brain, and may play a general role in the central nervous system. [6]
Plasma kallikrein is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Carbonic anhydrase II, is one of sixteen forms of human α carbonic anhydrases. Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis. Renal carbonic anhydrase allows the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule. Loss of carbonic anhydrase activity in bones impairs the ability of osteoclasts to promote bone resorption, leading to osteopetrosis.
Extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SOD3 gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA3 gene.
Carbonic anhydrase IX is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA9 gene. It is one of the 14 carbonic anhydrase isoforms found in humans and is a transmembrane dimeric metalloenzyme with an extracellular active site that facilitates acid secretion in the gastrointestinal tract. CA IX is overexpressed in many types of cancer including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as well as carcinomas of the cervix, breast and lung where it promotes tumor growth by enhancing tumor acidosis.
Glutaredoxin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLRX gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA1 gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA4 gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA12 gene.
Interleukin-18-binding protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL18BP gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA6 gene. It is also called 'gustin' because of its presence in saliva, and lower-than-normal levels of salivary zinc in individuals with hypogeusia.
Anion exchange protein 3 is a membrane transport protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC4A3 gene. AE3 is functionally similar to the Band 3 Cl−/HCO3− exchange protein but it is expressed primarily in brain neurons and in the heart. Like AE2 its activity is sensitive to pH. AE3 mutations have been linked to seizures.
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA10 gene.
Actin-like protein 6B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTL6B gene.
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA8 gene. The CA8 protein lacks the catalytic activity of other carbonic anhydrase enzymes. A rare, autosomal recessive form of cerebellar ataxia known as "cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome 3" (CAMRQ3) is caused by mutations in the CA8 gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA14 gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA5B gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 7 (CA7) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA7 gene.
Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG3G gene.
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA5A gene.