CSNK2B

CSNK2B
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1DS5, 1JWH, 1QF8, 3EED, 4DGL, 4MD7, 4MD8, 4MD9, 4NH1, 2R6M
Identifiers
Aliases	CSNK2B , CK2B, CK2N, CSK2B, G5A, casein kinase 2 beta, Ckb2, Ckb1, POBINDS
External IDs	OMIM: 115441; MGI: 88548; HomoloGene: 55572; GeneCards: CSNK2B; OMA:CSNK2B - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human) [1] Band 6p21.33 Start 31,665,227 bp [1] End 31,670,343 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse) [2] Band 17 B1|17 18.59 cM Start 35,335,172 bp [2] End 35,341,029 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in left testis right testis skin of leg skin of abdomen ganglionic eminence left ovary stromal cell of endometrium mucosa of transverse colon right ovary canal of the cervix Top expressed in spermatid seminiferous tubule spermatocyte lip ventricular zone embryo esophagus morula muscle of thigh somite More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein domain specific binding transcription factor binding chromatin binding metal ion binding protein binding protein kinase regulator activity identical protein binding signaling receptor binding ribonucleoprotein complex binding protein serine/threonine kinase activity Cellular component cytosol PcG protein complex extracellular exosome nucleoplasm chromatin extracellular region nucleus cytoplasm plasma membrane cilium nuclear matrix secretory granule lumen cell projection ficolin-1-rich granule lumen protein kinase CK2 complex Biological process regulation of DNA binding negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration endothelial tube morphogenesis positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation Wnt signaling pathway adiponectin-activated signaling pathway positive regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway signal transduction negative regulation of cell population proliferation protein folding regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator regulation of protein kinase activity phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process response to testosterone neutrophil degranulation liver regeneration macroautophagy peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1460 13001 Ensembl ENSG00000228875 ENSG00000204435 ENSG00000232960 ENSG00000206406 ENSG00000224774 ENSG00000230700 ENSG00000224398 ENSMUSG00000024387 UniProt P67870 P67871 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001320 NM_001282385 NM_009975 NM_001303445 NM_001303446 NM_001303476 RefSeq (protein) NP_001269314 NP_001311 NP_001290374 NP_001290375 NP_001290405 NP_034105 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 31.67 – 31.67 Mb Chr 17: 35.34 – 35.34 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Casein kinase II regulatory subunit
structure of ck2 beta subunit crystallized in the presence of a p21waf1 peptide
Identifiers
Symbol	CK_II_beta
Pfam	PF01214
InterPro	IPR000704
PROSITE	PDOC00845
SCOP2	1qf8 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Casein kinase II subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2B gene. ^{[5] [6]} It is a ubiquitous protein kinase which regulates metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transcription, translation, and replication. The enzyme localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. ^[7]

Casein kinase, a ubiquitous, well-conserved protein kinase involved in cell metabolism and differentiation, is characterised by its preference for Serine or Threonine in acidic stretches of amino acids. The enzyme is a tetramer of 2 alpha- and 2 beta-subunits. ^{[8] [9]} However, some species (e.g., mammals) possess 2 related forms of the alpha-subunit (alpha and alpha'), while others (e.g., fungi) possess 2 related beta-subunits (beta and beta'). ^[10] The alpha-subunit is the catalytic unit and contains regions characteristic of serine/threonine protein kinases. The beta-subunit is believed to be regulatory, possessing an N-terminal auto-phosphorylation site, an internal acidic domain, and a potential metal-binding motif. ^[10] The beta subunit is a highly conserved protein of about 25kDa that contains, in its central section, a cysteine-rich motif, CX(n)C, that could be involved in binding a metal such as zinc. ^[11] The mammalian beta-subunit gene promoter shares common features with those of other mammalian protein kinases and is closely related to the promoter of the regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. ^[10]

Interactions

CSNK2B has been shown to interact with CD163, ^[12] CSNK2A2, ^{[13] [14] [15] [16]} Casein kinase 2, alpha 1, ^{[14] [15] [16] [17] [18]} FGF1, ^[19] TRIB3, ^[20] CDC34, ^[21] Ribosomal protein L5, ^{[13] [17] [22] [23]} BTF3, ^[24] BRCA1, ^[25] RNF7, ^[17] P70-S6 Kinase 1 ^[26] and APC. ^[27]

References

1. ENSG00000204435, ENSG00000232960, ENSG00000206406, ENSG00000224774, ENSG00000230700, ENSG00000224398 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000228875, ENSG00000204435, ENSG00000232960, ENSG00000206406, ENSG00000224774, ENSG00000230700, ENSG00000224398 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024387 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Yang-Feng TL, Teitz T, Cheung MC, Kan YW, Canaani D (March 1991). "Assignment of the human casein kinase II beta-subunit gene to 6p12----p21". Genomics. 8 (4): 741–2. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90266-W . PMID   2276748.
6. Mucher G, Becker J, Knapp M, Buttner R, Moser M, Rudnik-Schoneborn S, Somlo S, Germino G, Onuchic L, Avner E, Guay-Woodford L, Zerres K (April 1998). "Fine mapping of the autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease locus (PKHD1) and the genes MUT, RDS, CSNK2 beta, and GSTA1 at 6p21.1-p12". Genomics. 48 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1006/geno.1997.5145 . PMID   9503014.
7. "Entrez Gene: CSNK2B casein kinase 2, beta polypeptide".
8. Jakobi R, Voss H, Pyerin W (July 1989). "Human phosvitin/casein kinase type II. Molecular cloning and sequencing of full-length cDNA encoding subunit beta". Eur. J. Biochem. 183 (1): 227–33. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14917.x . PMID   2666134.
9. Voss H, Wirkner U, Jakobi R, Hewitt NA, Schwager C, Zimmermann J, Ansorge W, Pyerin W (July 1991). "Structure of the gene encoding human casein kinase II subunit beta". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (21): 13706–11. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)92756-0 . PMID   1856204.
10. Bidwai AP, Reed JC, Glover CV (May 1995). "Cloning and disruption of CKB1, the gene encoding the 38-kDa beta subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae casein kinase II (CKII). Deletion of CKII regulatory subunits elicits a salt-sensitive phenotype". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (18): 10395–404. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.18.10395 . PMID   7737972.
11. Reed JC, Bidwai AP, Glover CV (July 1994). "Cloning and disruption of CKB2, the gene encoding the 32-kDa regulatory beta'-subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae casein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (27): 18192–200. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32434-1 . PMID   8027080.
12. Ritter M, Buechler C, Kapinsky M, Schmitz G (April 2001). "Interaction of CD163 with the regulatory subunit of casein kinase II (CKII) and dependence of CD163 signaling on CKII and protein kinase C". Eur. J. Immunol. 31 (4). Germany: 999–1009. doi: 10.1002/1521-4141(200104)31:4<999::AID-IMMU999>3.0.CO;2-R . ISSN   0014-2980. PMID   11298324.
13. Lehner B, Semple Jennifer I, Brown Stephanie E, Counsell Damian, Campbell R Duncan, Sanderson Christopher M (January 2004). "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics. 83 (1). United States: 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. ISSN   0888-7543. PMID   14667819.
14. Kim MS, Lee Y T, Kim J M, Cha J Y, Bae Y S (February 1998). "Characterization of protein interaction among subunits of protein kinase CKII in vivo and in vitro". Mol. Cells. 8 (1). KOREA: 43–8. doi: 10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13390-5 . ISSN   1016-8478. PMID   9571630.
15. Marin O, Meggio F, Sarno S, Pinna L A (June 1997). "Physical dissection of the structural elements responsible for regulatory properties and intersubunit interactions of protein kinase CK2 beta-subunit". Biochemistry. 36 (23). UNITED STATES: 7192–8. doi:10.1021/bi962885q. ISSN   0006-2960. PMID   9188720.
16. Bosc DG, Graham K C, Saulnier R B, Zhang C, Prober D, Gietz R D, Litchfield D W (May 2000). "Identification and characterization of CKIP-1, a novel pleckstrin homology domain-containing protein that interacts with protein kinase CK2". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (19). UNITED STATES: 14295–306. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.19.14295 . ISSN   0021-9258. PMID   10799509.
17. Ahn BH, Kim T H, Bae Y S (October 2001). "Mapping of the interaction domain of the protein kinase CKII beta subunit with target proteins". Mol. Cells. 12 (2). Korea (South): 158–63. doi: 10.1016/S1016-8478(23)17077-4 . ISSN   1016-8478. PMID   11710515.
18. Kusk M, Ahmed R, Thomsen B, Bendixen C, Issinger O G, Boldyreff B (January 1999). "Interactions of protein kinase CK2beta subunit within the holoenzyme and with other proteins". Mol. Cell. Biochem. 191 (1–2). NETHERLANDS: 51–8. doi:10.1023/A:1006840613986. ISSN   0300-8177. PMID   10094392. S2CID   257329.
19. Skjerpen CS, Nilsen Trine, Wesche Jørgen, Olsnes Sjur (August 2002). "Binding of FGF-1 variants to protein kinase CK2 correlates with mitogenicity". EMBO J. 21 (15). England: 4058–69. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf402. ISSN   0261-4189. PMC   126148 . PMID   12145206.
20. Zhou Y, Li Lu, Liu Qiongming, Xing Guichun, Kuai Xuezhang, Sun Jing, Yin Xiushan, Wang Jian, Zhang Lingqiang, He Fuchu (May 2008). "E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH1 mediates ubiquitination and degradation of TRB3". Cell. Signal. 20 (5). England: 942–8. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.01.010. ISSN   0898-6568. PMID   18276110.
21. Block K, Boyer T G, Yew P R (November 2001). "Phosphorylation of the human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, CDC34, by casein kinase 2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (44). United States: 41049–58. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M106453200 . ISSN   0021-9258. PMID   11546811.
22. Boldyreff B, Issinger O G (February 1997). "A-Raf kinase is a new interacting partner of protein kinase CK2 beta subunit". FEBS Lett. 403 (2). NETHERLANDS: 197–9. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00010-0. ISSN   0014-5793. PMID   9042965. S2CID   84557809.
23. Kim JM, Cha J Y, Marshak D R, Bae Y S (September 1996). "Interaction of the beta subunit of casein kinase II with the ribosomal protein L5". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 226 (1). UNITED STATES: 180–6. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1330 . ISSN   0006-291X. PMID   8806611.
24. Grein S, Pyerin W (January 1999). "BTF3 is a potential new substrate of protein kinase CK2". Mol. Cell. Biochem. 191 (1–2). NETHERLANDS: 121–8. doi:10.1023/A:1006806226764. ISSN   0300-8177. PMID   10094400. S2CID   1057554.
25. O'Brien KA, Lemke S J, Cocke K S, Rao R N, Beckmann R P (July 1999). "Casein kinase 2 binds to and phosphorylates BRCA1". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 260 (3). UNITED STATES: 658–64. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0892. ISSN   0006-291X. PMID   10403822.
26. Panasyuk G, Nemazanyy Ivan, Zhyvoloup Alexander, Bretner Maria, Litchfield David W, Filonenko Valeriy, Gout Ivan T (October 2006). "Nuclear export of S6K1 II is regulated by protein kinase CK2 phosphorylation at Ser-17". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (42). United States: 31188–201. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M602618200 . ISSN   0021-9258. PMID   16895915.
27. Homma MK, Li Dongxia, Krebs Edwin G, Yuasa Yasuhito, Homma Yoshimi (April 2002). "Association and regulation of casein kinase 2 activity by adenomatous polyposis coli protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (9). United States: 5959–64. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.5959K. doi: 10.1073/pnas.092143199 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   122884 . PMID   11972058.

External links

• Human CSNK2B genome location and CSNK2B gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .
• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Casein kinase II subunit beta (CSNK2B)

Further reading

• Schubert U, Schneider T, Henklein P, et al. (1992). "Human-immunodeficiency-virus-type-1-encoded Vpu protein is phosphorylated by casein kinase II". Eur. J. Biochem. 204 (2): 875–83. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16707.x. PMID   1541298.
• Teitz T, Eli D, Penner M, et al. (1990). "Expression of the cDNA for the beta subunit of human casein kinase II confers partial UV resistance on xeroderma pigmentosum cells". Mutat. Res. 236 (1): 85–97. doi:10.1016/0921-8777(90)90036-5. PMID   1694965.
• Voss H, Wirkner U, Jakobi R, et al. (1991). "Structure of the gene encoding human casein kinase II subunit beta". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (21): 13706–11. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)92756-0 . PMID   1856204.
• Litchfield DW, Lozeman FJ, Cicirelli MF, et al. (1991). "Phosphorylation of the beta subunit of casein kinase II in human A431 cells. Identification of the autophosphorylation site and a site phosphorylated by p34cdc2". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (30): 20380–9. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54934-6 . PMID   1939094.
• Ackerman P, Glover CV, Osheroff N (1990). "Stimulation of casein kinase II by epidermal growth factor: relationship between the physiological activity of the kinase and the phosphorylation state of its beta subunit". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (2): 821–5. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87..821A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.2.821 . PMC   53358 . PMID   2300566.
• Heller-Harrison RA, Meisner H, Czech MP (1990). "Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the beta subunit of human casein kinase II". Biochemistry. 28 (23): 9053–8. doi:10.1021/bi00449a014. PMID   2513884.
• Jakobi R, Voss H, Pyerin W (1989). "Human phosvitin/casein kinase type II. Molecular cloning and sequencing of full-length cDNA encoding subunit beta". Eur. J. Biochem. 183 (1): 227–33. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14917.x . PMID   2666134.
• Vincent MJ, Abdul Jabbar M (1996). "The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein: a potential regulator of proteolysis and protein transport in the mammalian secretory pathway". Virology. 213 (2): 639–49. doi: 10.1006/viro.1995.0035 . PMID   7491787.
• Litchfield DW, Bosc DG, Slominski E (1995). "The protein kinase from mitotic human cells that phosphorylates Ser-209 on the casein kinase II beta-subunit is p34cdc2". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1269 (1): 69–78. doi: 10.1016/0167-4889(95)00100-7 . PMID   7578274.
• Jin YJ, Burakoff SJ (1993). "The 25-kDa FK506-binding protein is localized in the nucleus and associates with casein kinase II and nucleolin". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (16): 7769–73. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.7769J. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.16.7769 . PMC   47224 . PMID   7689229.
• Gietz RD, Graham KC, Litchfield DW (1995). "Interactions between the subunits of casein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (22): 13017–21. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.22.13017 . PMID   7768894.
• Szebeni A, Herrera JE, Olson MO (1995). "Interaction of nucleolar protein B23 with peptides related to nuclear localization signals". Biochemistry. 34 (25): 8037–42. doi:10.1021/bi00025a009. PMID   7794916.
• Arnold SF, Obourn JD, Jaffe H, Notides AC (1995). "Serine 167 is the major estradiol-induced phosphorylation site on the human estrogen receptor". Mol. Endocrinol. 8 (9): 1208–14. doi: 10.1210/mend.8.9.7838153 . PMID   7838153. S2CID   29238638.
• Pyerin W (1994). "Human casein kinase II: structures, genes, expression and requirement in cell growth stimulation". Adv. Enzyme Regul. 34: 225–46. doi:10.1016/0065-2571(94)90018-3. PMID   7942276.
• el Benna J, Faust LP, Babior BM (1994). "The phosphorylation of the respiratory burst oxidase component p47phox during neutrophil activation. Phosphorylation of sites recognized by protein kinase C and by proline-directed kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (38): 23431–6. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31534-X . PMID   8089108.
• Schubert U, Henklein P, Boldyreff B, et al. (1994). "The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 encoded Vpu protein is phosphorylated by casein kinase-2 (CK-2) at positions Ser52 and Ser56 within a predicted alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix-motif". J. Mol. Biol. 236 (1): 16–25. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1994.1114. PMID   8107101.
• Schubert U, Strebel K (1994). "Differential activities of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1-encoded Vpu protein are regulated by phosphorylation and occur in different cellular compartments". J. Virol. 68 (4): 2260–71. doi:10.1128/JVI.68.4.2260-2271.1994. PMC   236702 . PMID   8139011.
• Tanasijevic MJ, Myers MG, Thoma RS, et al. (1993). "Phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate IRS-1 by casein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (24): 18157–66. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)46824-4 . PMID   8349691.
• Friborg J, Ladha A, Göttlinger H, et al. (1996). "Functional analysis of the phosphorylation sites on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein". J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 8 (1): 10–22. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199501000-00004 . PMID   8548340.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR000704