Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima

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Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima
Cabomba caroliniana var pulcherrima R M Harper nmnhbotany 2077183 NMNH-00103471.jpg
Herbarium specimen of Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Cabombaceae
Genus: Cabomba
Species:
C. caroliniana
Variety:
C. c. var. pulcherrima
Trinomial name
Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima
Synonyms [1]

Cabomba pulcherrima(R. M. Harper) Fassett

Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima is a species of perennial [2] aquatic herb [3] in the family Cabombaceae native to the American states Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia. [4]

Contents

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima is a perennial [2] aquatic herb [3] with reddish-purple, 1 m long stems. Both floating and submerged leaves are produced. The submerged leaves are dark-coloured and have narrow segments. [5] The peltate floating leaves are 1.5–3 mm wide. [6]


Generative characteristics

The purple flowers [5] are 7–10 mm long. [6] The gynoecium consists of 3–4 carpels. [6]


Cytology

The chromosome count is 2n = c. 78. [4]

Taxonomy

It was described by Roland McMillan Harper in 1903. [5] [7] The type specimen was collected by Harper in Georgia, USA on the 13th of August 1901. [8] It was elevated to the species Cabomba pulcherrima(R.M.Harper) Fassett by Norman Carter Fassett in 1953, [9] but this is widely not accepted. [4] [1] [7] [2] [3] One source regards it as a synonym of Cabomba caroliniana var. caroliniana, [10] others regard it as a synonym of Cabomba caroliniana , [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] and some accepted the variety as a separate taxon. [17] [5] [7] [2] [3] [18] [19] [1] Its validity needs further investigation [13] and it has been speculated the purple colouration may be a result of environmental conditions, [20] [13] such as warm water conditions. [13] The colour also is diminished in low light conditions. [4]


Etymology

The varietal name pulcherrima from the Latin pulcher means most beautiful. [21]

Distribution and habitat

It occurs in the American states Florida, South and North Carolina, and Georgia, [4] where it occurs at low altitudes. [6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R. M. Harper. (n.d.). Catalogue of Life. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/BP8QV
  2. 1 2 3 4 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. (n.d.). Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray var. pulcherrima Harper. USDA Plants Database. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CACAP
  3. 1 2 3 4 Pellegrini, M. O. O. & Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. (n.d.-d). Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R.M.Harper. Flora E Funga Do Brasil. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB582615
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Ørgaard, M. (1991). The genus Cabomba (Cabombaceae)–a taxonomic study. Nordic Journal of Botany, 11(2), 179-203.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Harper, R. M. (1903). Botanical explorations in Georgia during the summer of 1901.-II. Noteworthy species. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 30(6), 319-342.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Fassett, N. C. (1953). A Monograph of Cabomba. Castanea, 18(4), 116–128. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4031558
  7. 1 2 3 Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R.M.Harper. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:273583-2
  8. ↑ Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R.M.Harper. (n.d.-c). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved April 2, 2025, from https://www.ipni.org/n/273583-2
  9. ↑ Cabomba pulcherrima (R.M.Harper) Fassett. (n.d.). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved April 2, 2025, from https://www.ipni.org/n/39042-2
  10. ↑ USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=416941. Accessed 1 April 2025.
  11. ↑ Keener, B.R., A.R. Diamond, T.W. Barger, L.J. Davenport, P.G. Davison, S.L. Ginzbarg, C.J. Hansen, D.D. Spaulding, J.K. Triplett, and M. Woods. 2025. Alabama Plant Atlas. [S.M. Landry and K.N. Campbell (original application development), Florida Center for Community Design and Research. University of South Florida]. University of West Alabama, Livingston, Alabama.
  12. ↑ Cabomba caroliniana. (n.d.-b). Atlas of Florida Plants. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3849#synonyms
  13. 1 2 3 4 Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, U.S.A. https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/cust/20222/main.php?pg=show-taxon-detail.php&lsid=urn:lsid:ncbg.unc.edu:taxon:{91C969BE-4DA5-476E-8A52-DFFB63C0D5BF}. Accessed Apr 1, 2025.
  14. ↑ Spaulding, D.D., T.W. Barger, and H.E. Horne. 2018. Flora of northern Alabama, part 3. Primitive Angiosperms. Phytoneuron 2018-11: 1–120. Published 26 February 2018. ISSN 2153-733X
  15. ↑ Cabomba caroliniana in Flora of North America @ efloras.org. (n.d.-b). Retrieved April 1, 2025, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500297
  16. ↑ Cabomba caroliniana. (n.d.). Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/name/Cabomba%20caroliniana
  17. ↑ Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R.M.Harper. (2012, March 23). The Plant List. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-28286
  18. ↑ World Flora Online. (n.d.). Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R.M.Harper. WFO Plant List. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://wfoplantlist.org/taxon/wfo-0000705466-2024-12?page=1
  19. ↑ Cabomba caroliniana var. pulcherrima R.M.Harper. (n.d.-b). GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved April 1, 2025, from https://www.gbif.org/species/3986530
  20. ↑ Larson, J. L. Cao, L. Berent, and S. Iott, 2025, Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray: U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL, and NOAA Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System, Ann Arbor, MI, https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?Species_ID=231, Revision Date: 8/8/2024, Access Date: 4/1/2025
  21. ↑ Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. (n.d.). Auroville Virtual Herbarium. Retrieved April 2, 2025, from https://aurovilleherbarium.org/contents/nomenclature.php?id=10
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