Baraggia Cassina Baraggia | |
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| Etymology: Baragia | |
| Coordinates: 45°33′30″N9°18′28″E / 45.55833°N 9.30778°E | |
| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Lombardy |
| Province | Monza and Brianza |
| Comune | Brugherio |
| Demonym(s) | Baraggini |
| 20861 | 039 |
| Website | Official website |
Cassina Baraggia is a hamlet of Brugherio's municipality, which until 1866 was a separate municipality.
The name Baraggia comes from the word baragia, meaning "little fertile land" or "uncultivated" land. [1] Cassina, however, comes from the Latin castrum meaning "camp", indicating a farmhouse which was inhabited by more than one family. [2] In the Roman imperial period, the uncultivated lands were part of a mutual fund, with open grazing, which extended to the whole territory of Brugherio. With the arrival of the Lombards the land began to be cultivated and inhabited by private owners. [3]
Baragia's name appears for the first time in 769 when Grato, Roman inhabitant of Monza, set free one of his servants and gave him a land in the village de Barazia. The name can also be found documented in 853, during the donation of certain assets to the monastery of Saint Ambrose of Milan by two Romans. That same document shows that there was a chapel of Saints Cosmas and Damian (now Saint Anne Church) in the area, in turn dependent on the monastery of Saint Ambrose. [3] The building is now located in the hamlet of San Damiano (which did not exist as such at the time). During the 12th century the Milanese territory was divided into counties and parishes. In the parish of Vimercate, Brugherium and Sanctus Damianus de Baraza, were under Martesana's county. [3]
Gian Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan, appointed as feudal lords of Vimercate the family Secco Borella in 1475. [4] In 1554 Ludovico Maria Sforza gave the land of Vimercate to Count Ludovico Secchi. The last feudal lord was Luigi Trotti, son of Count Trotti (Senator Johannes Baptista) and Maria Giulia "Seccoborella". [3] [4] On June 15, 1578, with the pastoral visit of Archbishop Charles Borromeo, [4] the property was incorporated into the parish of Saint Bartholomew. The next day, the archbishop visited the chapel of Saint Margaret, itself annexed to the house of Giovanni Battista Bernareggi (today called Villa Brivio) in Baraggia. In 1594 the Inhabitants of Baraggia numbered about a hundred. In 1621, the year of the pastoral visit of Federigo Borromeo to the church of Saint Bartholomew, Baraggia numbered 96 inhabitants. [3]
In 1721 and in 1751 land registry maps of the territory were realized by Charles VI and his daughter, Maria Theresa. The map of 1721 (updated in 1751) shows Cassina Baraggia and Cassina Brugherio Saint Ambrose as being together, even though they were distinct communities, part of the Pieve of Vimercate. [5] In 1751 Cassina Baraggia housed 160 inhabitants: [6] the majority of the owners were not noble, but the nobles indeed held most of land, the largest extension of which belonged to the nuns of the Convent of Santa Caterina alla Chiusa of Milan. [3] In the town of Cassina Baraggia there were six blocks of several houses, including Villa Brivio, at the current Palazzo Ghirlanda Silva of Count Gio Batta Scotti. [2] [7] In the territory of Baraggia there were also two houses, including the Cascina Sant'Ambrogio with the church itself. [3] [8]
In addition to the cultivation of vines, from the middle of the century the cultivation of mulberry trees had spread enormously in the region, and was planted on the edge of the fields, so as not to supplant other crops. The mulberry trees were used to feed the silk worms, which were given by the owner to the tenant farmers. Mostly women and children worked on the breeding of silk worms. The explosion of silk worm translated as the construction of a textile mill in Baraggia (another being placed in Moncucco), where the first phase of production of silk (reeling) was performed. [3]
In 1805 Cassina Baraggia counted with 516 inhabitants. [9] In 1809, a decree of Napoleon caused the annexation of Cassina Baraggia to Carugate. [9] With the return of the Austrians in 1816, Cassina Baraggia became autonomous. [10] In 1853, an estimated 1,240 inhabitants populated the land, becoming 1268 in the year 1861. [11] On December 9, 1866 the Royal Decree number 3395 was signed by Vittorio Emanuele II, leading to the town's annexation by Brugherio. [12] [13] Giovanni Noseda, mayor of Cassina Baraggia became the first mayor of Brugherio. [14]
The textile mill of Baraggia is a former industrial building located in Via San Francesco d'Assisi 19, Brugherio. At the beginning of '900 it was one of the four towns spinning mills, along with "Filanda Beretta" in Via Tre Re, "Filanda Santini Ronchi Spada" in via Dante and "Filanda Strazza" in Via Santa Margherita. [15] It was called filandùn [16] and it is currently private property, holds apartments and warehouses.
At the end of the eighteenth century, the site where the textile mill will be built was a countryside meadow owned by Count Giovanni Battista Durini, who held large estates in Cassina Baraggia. [15] Less than a century later, during the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, in that place there was a rectangular court, which planimetry corresponds to the one has come down to present day: almost completely closed, with a single entrance from Municipal Road that from Cassina Baraggia goes to Carugate. [15] The spinning mill was built in the second half of the nineteenth century and it was used for the first phase of silk processing, the reeling, in which the filament was extracted from the cocoon to wrap on reels. [17] Between 1873 and 1894, the court was completely closed: the portion facing the street was elevated and, to the east of the building, it was built a group of houses intended for laborers employed in the factory. In the second half of the twentieth century, Baraggia underwent a slow decline. The Marquis Brivio, owners of most of the assets and land located in the hamlet, paid scant and manufacturing, with the textile industry crisis, were gradually abandoned. [16] Remained empty, some houses and cottages in the courtyard collapsed from neglect. [15] At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the municipality made a recovery plan of the entire historical center of the neighborhood. In this context, even the old textile mill has been restructured: at present it is a building that has partially retained the original architecture, adapted to new functions, even housing. [15]
The building plan is a rectangular closed courtyard, delimited by buildings of two and three floors, which are the result of the restoration of the twenty-first century. Ancient mill remains internal to the court building, originally a double-height floor, partly renovated to form two plans for houses. The supporting structures are in brick tile, the main body is on round arches pillars, partly buffered. The floors are generally of masonry, the cover is in wooden trusses with a gable roof and a mantle of brick tiles. The building has decorations, such as external ornaments. [15]
Brugherio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 10 kilometres northeast of Milan. It was established December 9, 1866 unifying the suppressed municipalities of Baraggia, San Damiano and Moncucco, together with the villages of Bindellera, Cesena, Gelosa, San Paolo, Torazza, Occhiate and Increa.
Abbadia Lariana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Milan and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northwest of Lecco. The village has about 3,280 inhabitants and its name comes from an abbey founded in the 9th century and later destroyed.
Bruzzano is a district (quartier) of Milan, Italy. It is an area located within Zone 9 of the city.
San Damiano is a hamlet in far north Brugherio, Italy. It is located between the Milan-Bergamo highway and the eastern road ring of Monza. It is 1.46 kilometres (0.91 mi) away from the town center.
The Palazzo Ghirlanda-Silva is a patrician building in the old town of Brugherio, Italy. Built in the first half of the nineteenth century, it now houses the public library. It has an area of 1,992 m2 (21,440 sq ft), of which 1,407 m2 (15,140 sq ft) are used for library services, with the remaining space providing an exhibition room, an auditorium and offices.
The Church of Saint Bartholomew is the cathedral and the oldest parish in Brugherio, Italy. It houses relics of the three Magi. It is characterised by its relatively high bell tower measuring 36.8 metres (121 ft).
Saint Lucius in Brugherio, Italy, is a small church dedicated to Saint Lucius in the grounds of the Villa Sormani. First located in Lugano, Switzerland, where it was a Franciscan chapel, the building was disassembled and transported to Brugherio where its reconstruction was completed 17 years later.
Villa Scotti-Cornaglia-Noseda-Bertani, commonly known as Villa Fiorita, is a building in Lombardy, Italy, where the Brugherio Comune's headquarters are housed.
Villa Brivio is a 19th-century building in the Baraggia district of Brugherio, Italy. Owned by the municipality, it houses a residential center specializing in psychiatric therapy.
Saint Ambrose is a small church which is an annex to the farmhouse that takes its name from it, in Brugherio, Italy.
The church of Saint Margaret is a 16th-century chapel dedicated to Saint Margaret of Antioch. It is located in Cassina Baraggia, Brugherio, Italy. The church is adjacent to the Villa Brivio, to which it belonged.
Cascina Increa is one of the farmhouses of Brugherio, on the southeastern border of the municipality. It enjoys the protection of the Soprintendenze per i Beni Architettonici e Paesaggistici, i.e., the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism (MiBACT) of its respective province because of its surviving Renaissance architecture.
Cascina Sant'Ambrogio is the oldest among the farmhouses in Brugherio, Italy. It is annexed to Saint Ambrose Church from which it takes its name.
Moncucco was an autonomous Italian municipality until March 30, 1871, when due to a royal decree it became a hamlet of the town of Brugherio, established in 1866. The actual village is located south of Brugherio, along the road that leads from Milan to Vimercate.
There are three plague crosses in Brugherio, in the province of Monza and Brianza in Lombardy, in northern Italy. They were erected after the plague that struck Monza and its surrounding area in 1576. The crosses are three that remain of four that marked where there were four altars used to celebrate religious services during the plague. The plague of 1576 was in fact called "the plague of Saint Charles", given the Bishop's closeness to those affected. Information about the plague can be found in the Bishop of Milan, Saint Charles Borromeo's notes.
Villa Somaglia-Balconi is a residential complex located in Brugherio, consisting of a main house and some accompanying buildings, which are separated from the original structure of the villa by Via Marsala, which leads from Moncucco to Carugate.
The old farmhouses of Brugherio were agricultural structures typical of the Po-Valley in Lombardy, which gave its name to the surrounding areas as well, roughly corresponding to fractional towns in which Brugherio was divided. The union of the various small rural municipalities in which the territory was fragmented gave birth in 1866 to the municipality of Brugherio. Some are still visible: Bindellera, Casecca, Cattoni, Comolli, Dorderio, Guzzina, Increa, Modesta, Moia, Occhiate, Pareana, San Cristoforo, Sant'Ambrogio, San Paolo and Torazza.
Cascina Guzzina is a farmhouse located in the southern part of Brugherio, on the border with Cologno Monzese. The name comes from gussetta, which formerly referred to the cocoon of the silkworm, whose breeding was widespread in the area. Agricultural complexes known as "agricultural courts", which once held prolific agricultural activity, are now civilian residences and businesses.
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Conta Baragia sei famiglie di operarj, cioè un sartore, un falegname, due muratori, un calzolaro e un tessitore, cinque famiglie di massari, quattro di pigionanti con terreno e quattro di semplici inquilini (...) L'aria vi è assai pura, li terreni forti e di vini dei più stimati nè contorni di Brugherio.
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