Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae, named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight. They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow. Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders, but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps. Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.
Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with over 2,000 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include Gnaphosa, Drassodes, Micaria, Cesonia, Zelotes and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans.
The Key gnaphosid spider is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It was discovered by Mello-Leitão in 1944. It is found in the Bahamas, Florida, and Cuba.
Cesonia is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1893.
Cesonia elegans is a spider species in the genus of Cesonia found on St. Vincent, Dominica.
Cesonia rothi is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in the United States.
Zonitis bilineata is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in North America.
Philaenarcys bilineata, the prairie spittlebug, is a species of spittlebug in the family Aphrophoridae. It is found in North America. Habitats it can be found in include prairies and boreal forests.
Atalantycha bilineata, known generally as the two-lined cantharid or two-lined leather-wing, is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. It is found in North America.
Ophraella bilineata is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
Cesonia ubicki is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
Cesonia trivittata is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
Herpyllus cockerelli is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
Schizocosa bilineata is a species of wolf spider in the family Lycosidae. It is found in the United States and Canada.
Cesonia josephus is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in the United States.
Tapinopa bilineata is a species of sheetweb spider in the family Linyphiidae. It is found in the United States.
Cordulegaster bilineata, the brown spiketail, is a species of spiketail in the dragonfly family Cordulegastridae. It is found in North America.
Micaria longipes is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in North America.
Cesonia classica is a species of ground spider in the family Gnaphosidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
