Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province

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Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
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IranChaharMahaalBakhtiari-SVG.svg
Location of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province within Iran
Coordinates: 31°58′N50°29′E / 31.967°N 50.483°E / 31.967; 50.483 [1]
Country Iran
Region Region 2 [2]
Capital Shahr-e Kord
Counties 12
Government
   Governor-general Jafar Mardani
Area
  Total
16,332 km2 (6,306 sq mi)
Population
 (2016) [3]
  Total
947,763
  Density58/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+03:30 (IRST)
Main language(s) Luri language
Persian
Qashqai Turkish
HDI (2017)0.798 [4]
high · 13th

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian : استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) [a] is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. [5] The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

Contents

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014. [2]

Demographics

Languages

Bakhtiāri, which belongs to the Luri language of the Iranian language family, is the province's main language. Bakhtiāri is primarily spoken in the valleys of the higher areas in the western half of the province. It is also spoken in the lower areas around Lordegān in the south, and by speakers who have moved into the cities in the north-east. [6]

Linguistic map of Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari province Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province - Language distribution.png
Linguistic map of Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari province

In the north-east quarter of the province, people in most cities and villages speak either Chārmahāli (also in the Southwestern branch of Iranian) or Chaharmahali Turkic. Chārmahāli is transitional between Bakhtiari and Persian varieties of Isfahan province, but more similar to the latter. Chārmahāli varieties spoken in cities include Dehkordi (in Shahr-e Kord), Ghafarrokhi (in Farrokh Shahr), Heysheguni (in Hafshejān), and Borujeni (in Borujen). There are also many other varieties of Chārmahāli spoken in rural areas. Most types of Turkic spoken in this province are similar to Qashqa’i of Fars province, but they are transitional to the Āzarbāyjāni (Azerbaijani) language of north-west Iran. The Chārmahāli and Turkic language areas overlap with one another, and in the foothills of the Zagros and in the larger cities, they intermingle with Bakhtiāri as well. [6]

Tehrani-type Persian is now being taught by parents to children as a first language in some parts of the province, with the highest concentrations in the cities. [6]

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Linguistic Composition [7]
languagepercent
Luri
61.88%
Persian
20.3%
Turkic
17.80%
Other, mixed
0.02%

The Atlas of the Languages of Iran (ALI) published a series of language maps for Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province, including a point-based and polygon (area-based) language distribution maps, and several linguistic data maps. [6]

Written descriptions of some of the Bakhtiāri varieties in the province. [8] [9] and a lexicon of the Bakhtiāri language [10] have also been published.

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 843,784 in 194,171 households. [11] The following census in 2011 counted 895,263 people in 234,416 households. [12] The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 947,763 in 270,434 households. [3]

Administrative divisions

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari.svg

The population history and structural changes of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Counties2006 [11] 2011 [12] 2016 [3]
Ardal 68,74053,51448,880
Ben [b] 28,326
Borujen 113,795118,681122,483
Falard [c]
Farrokhshahr [d]
Farsan 90,11193,94195,286
Khanmirza [e]
Kiar [f] 58,04750,976
Kuhrang 33,46835,91541,535
Lordegan 175,289194,783209,681
Saman [b] 34,616
Shahrekord 362,381340,382315,980
Total843,784895,263947,763

Cities

According to the 2016 census, 607,444 people (over 64% of the population of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province) live in the following cities: [3]

CityPopulation
Aluni 5,248
Ardal 10,113
Babaheydar 11,202
Bazoft 1,519
Ben 12,971
Boldaji 11,980
Borujen 57,071
Chelgerd 2,989
Cholicheh 4,945
Dashtak 4,016
Dastana 5,143
Faradonbeh 13,317
Farrokh Shahr 31,739
Farsan 30,504
Gahru 6,263
Gandoman 6,291
Gujan 6,179
Hafshejan 21,352
Haruni 3,601
Junqan 14,433
Kaj 4,227
Kian 12,948
Lordegan 40,528
Mal-e Khalifeh 4,024
Manj 1,492
Nafech 4,059
Naghan 6,125
Naqneh 9,923
Pardanjan 8,699
Saman 14,192
Samsami 1,203
Sar Khun 2,131
Sardasht 5,691
Sefiddasht 5,471
Shahr-e Kord 190,441
Shalamzar 6,899
Sudjan 5,581
Sureshjan 12,308
Taqanak 6,170
Vardanjan 4,456

Economy

The province is mainly active in the agriculture sector. Most of the industrial sector is clustered around the center of the province.

The province has the potential to become a vibrant tourist attraction because of its natural resources. [18]

Natural attractions

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province is the source and birthplace of many springs, rivers and waterfalls that supply the water of the two great and vital rivers of Zayanderud and Karoon and cause the development of many cities in the country. Natural attractions include Zayanderud river, Zamankhan bridge, Kouhrang 1 Dam, Dime spring, Sheik Ali Khan waterfall, Chama Ice cave, Darkesh varkesh canyon, Rostam Abad Sardab spring, Do Polan, Karoon-4 dam, Darreh Esgh (love valley), Atashgah waterfall, Choghakhor Wetland, Pire Ghar cave, Siasard spring, Helen protected area, Barm spring, Sendegan spring, Tang Sayyad national Park, Parvaz national park, Sarab cave, Gandoman wetland, Zard lime waterfall, Kordikon waterfall. [19]

Colleges and universities

See also

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province at Wikimedia Commons

Notes

  1. Also romanized as Ostân-e Čahâr-Mahâl-o Baxtiyâri
  2. 1 2 Separated from Shahrekord County after the 2011 census [13]
  3. Separated from Lordegan County after the 2016 census [14]
  4. Separated from Shahrekord County after the 2016 census [15]
  5. Separated from Lordegan County after the 2016 census [16]
  6. Separated from Ardal County and Shahrekord County after the 2006 census [17]

Related Research Articles

Kian is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. The past leader was historically named Kian Taneja.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borujen</span> City in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran

Borujen is a city in the Central District of Borujen County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lordegan</span> City in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran

Lordegan is a city in the Central District of Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

Farrokh Shahr is a city in the Central District of Farrokhshahr County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from the provincial capital, Shahrekord.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lordegan County</span> County in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran

Lordegan County is in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Lordegan.

Sureshjan is a city and the capital of the Laran District in Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. It was previously the administrative center for Lar Rural District. The rural district's administrative center has been transferred to the city of Haruni.

Shalamzar is a city in the Central District of Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It also serves as the administrative center for Kiar-e Gharbi Rural District.

Taqanak is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as the administrative center for Taqanak Rural District.

Mal-e Khalifeh is a city in the Central District of Falard County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It was the administrative center for Falard Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Kalvari-ye Sofla.

Nafech is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as the administrative center for Howmeh Rural District. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Chaleshtar.

Dastgerd-e Emamzadeh is a village in, and the capital of, Dastgerd Rural District of Dastgerd District, Farrokhshahr County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

Kheyrabad is a village in, and the capital of, Qahfarrokh Rural District of the Central District of Farrokhshahr County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

Surk is a village in, and the capital of, Surk Rural District of Dastgerd District, Farrokhshahr County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

Kharaji is a village in, and the capital of, Kharaji Rural District of the Central District of Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

Dezak is a village in Kiar-e Sharqi Rural District of Kiar-e Sharqi District, Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the district and the rural district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarteshniz</span> Village in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran

Sarteshniz is a village in, and the capital of, Kiar-e Bala Rural District of the Central District of Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vardanjan, Iran</span> City in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran

Vardanjan is a city in the Central District of Ben County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. It was the capital of Ben Rural District until the capital was transferred to the village of Bardeh.

Kalvari-ye Sofla is a village in, and the capital of, Falard Rural District of the Central District of Falard County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Mal-e Khalifeh.

Talineh-ye Dudera is a village in Dudera Rural District of Rudasht District, Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

Shurab-e Saghir is a village in, and the capital of, Saman Rural District of the Central District of Saman County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

References

  1. OpenStreetMap contributors (28 August 2024). "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province" (Map). openstreetmap.org (OpenStreetMap) (in Persian). Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  2. 1 2 "استان‌های کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند". همشهری آنلاین. 22 June 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  4. "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
  5. Habibi, Hassan (30 September 2015) [Approved 21 June 1369]. Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, centered in the city of Shahrekord. rc.majlis.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Notification 82826/T124K. Archived from the original on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2023 via Islamic Parliament Research Center.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Language distribution: Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province". Iran Atlas. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  7. "Language distribution: Chahr Mahal va Bakhtiari Province". 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  8. Khosravi, Abdol’ali. 1996/1375. Guyesh-e Bakhtiāri: Ketāb-e chahārom [Bakhtiari dialect: Fourth book]. Esfahan: Nashr-e Ghazal.
  9. Tāheri, Esfandyār. 2010/1389. Guyesh-e Bakhtiāri-ye Kuhrang [The Bakhtiari dialect of Kuhrang]. Tehran: IHCS Press.
  10. Madadi, Zohrāb. 1996/1375. Vāzhehnāmeh-ye zabān-e Bakhtiāri [Lexicon of the Bakhtiari language]. Tehran & Esfahan: Enteshārāt-e Āyāt.
  11. 1 2 Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  12. 1 2 Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.
  13. Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (21 October 1391) [Approved 29 September 1391]. Letter of approval regarding national divisions in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. rc.majlis.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers. Notification 200671/T47661H. Archived from the original on 10 January 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2023 via Research Center of the System of Laws of the Islamic Council of Farabi Mobile Library.
  14. Mokhbar, Mohammad (10 August 1401) [Approved 21 April 1401]. The approval letter of the Board of Ministers regarding the national divisions of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province was announced. dotic.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers. Notification 64909/T58951H. Archived from the original on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 1 April 2023 via Laws and Regulations Portal of Iran.
  15. Mokhbar, Mohammad (26 December 2023) [Approved 23 May 1402]. Letter of approval regarding national divisions in Shahrekord County. sdil.ac.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers. Proposal 36924; Notification 88963/T61330AH. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2024 via Shahr Danesh Legal Research Institute.
  16. Jahangiri, Ishaq (c. 2019) [Approved 8 December 1397]. Approval letter regarding country divisions in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. rc.majlis.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers. Notification 164881/T55510H. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2023 via Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
  17. Davodi, Parviz (c. 2023) [Approved 18 September 1386]. Reforms of country divisions in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. qavanin.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Political-Defense Commission of the Government Board. Notification 58538/T26118AH. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023 via Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
  18. "Choghakhor to become a tourist hub by 2008". www.payvand.com. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  19. "A trip to Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari".
  20. "Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Branch - About Shahrekord". 15 August 2011. Archived from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 21 July 2019.