Che (Persian letter)

Last updated
Che
چ
Usage
Writing system Arabic script
Type Abjad
Language of origin Persian language
Sound values/tʃ/
Alphabetical position7
History
Development
𓌙
Transliterationsch, č
Other
Writing directionRight-to-left
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

Che or cheem (چ‎) is a letter of the Persian alphabet, used to represent [ t͡ʃ ], and which derives from ǧīm (ج‎) by the addition of two dots. It is found with this value in other Arabic-derived scripts. It is based on the jim  ج . It is used in Persian, Urdu, Pashto, Kurdish, Uyghur, Kashmiri, Azerbaijani, Ottoman Turkish, Malay (Jawi), Javanese (Pegon), and other Indo-Iranian languages. It is also one of the five letters the Persian alphabet added to the Arabic script (the others being ژ, پ, and گ in addition to the obsolete ڤ). In name and shape, it is a variant of jim . Its numerical value is 3000 (see Abjad numerals).

Contents

Position in wordIsolatedFinalMedialInitial
Glyph form:
(Help)		چ‎ـچ‎ـچـ‎چـ‎

When representing this sound in transliteration of Persian into Hebrew, it is written as ג׳ gimel and a geresh .

In Arabic

A bilingual road sign at a Turkmen village in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq. The letter Che is used to represent the sound [tS]. Welcome sign to the village of Cardagli.jpg
A bilingual road sign at a Turkmen village in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq. The letter Che is used to represent the sound [ t͡ʃ ].
In this triscript road sign (below) in Israel, the letter ch is used to represent the Hebrew sound [g] in the city Nof HaGalil. ToNofHagalil (cropped road sign).jpg
In this triscript road sign (below) in Israel, the letter چ is used to represent the Hebrew sound [ g ] in the city Nof HaGalil.

The letter چ‎ can be used to transcribe [ t͡ʃ ] in Gulf Arabic and Iraqi Arabic dialects, where they have that sound natively as in "چلب" /tʃalb/ (dog) instead of "كلب" /kalb/. Since the sound is not part of Standard Arabic’s phonology; In most of the rest of Arabic-speaking geographic regions, the combination of tāʾ-šīn (تش‎) is more likely used to transliterate the /t͡ʃ/ sound which is often realized as two consonants ([ t ]+[ ʃ ]) as in "تشاد" /tʃaːd/ (Chad) and "التشيك" /at.tʃiːk/ (Czech Republic).

In Egypt, this letter represents [ ʒ ], which can be a reduction of /d͡ʒ/, It is called gīm be talat noʾaṭ (جيم بتلات نقط "Gīm with three dots") there. The /ʒ/ pronunciation is also proposed for South Arabian minority languages, like Mehri and Soqotri.

In Israel, where official announcements are often trilingual or triscripted, this letter represents [ ɡ ] on roadsigns when transcribing Hebrew place names. It has also been used as /g/ in Lebanon for transliteration such as "چامبيا" (The Gambia) and "چوچل" (Google). [1]

Character encodings

Character information
Previewچ
Unicode nameARABIC LETTER TCHEH
Encodingsdecimalhex
Unicode 1670U+0686
UTF-8 218 134DA 86
Numeric character reference چچ
Character information
Previewڜ
Unicode nameARABIC LETTER SEEN WITH THREE DOTS BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE
Encodingsdecimalhex
Unicode 1692U+069C
UTF-8 218 156DA 9C
Numeric character reference ڜڜ

See also

References


Typografie lam alif-ligatuur.png

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