Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the country's capital and largest city. As of 2015, it was estimated to be the third largest city in Central America. Nicaragua's multiethnic population of six million includes people of mestizo, Indigenous, European and African heritage. The main language is Spanish. Indigenous tribes on the Mosquito Coast speak their own languages and English.
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects, Nicaragua has a population of 6,850,540. Whites and Mestizos and tribally unaffiliated Native Americans combined make up about 86% of the population. The remainder of the Nicaraguan population is 9% English-speaking Afro-Nicaraguans, and 5% Tribal Native American.
Nicaragua is a presidential republic, in which the President of Nicaragua is both head of state and head of government, and there is a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government.
The Republic of Nicaragua elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a unicameral legislature. The President of Nicaragua and his or her vice-president are elected on one ballot for a five-year term by the people.
The politics of Catalonia takes place within the framework of its Statute of Autonomy and its 1978 Constitution, which grants a degree of self-government to Catalonia and establish it as an autonomous community of Spain with the status of a nationality, operating as a parliamentary democracy. The Generalitat de Catalunya is the Catalan institution of self-government, which includes the Parliament of Catalonia, the President and the Executive Council. The Parliament of Catalonia is one of the oldest in the world.
The Christian People's Party is a centre-right and conservative political party based on the principles of Christian democracy. It was founded in 1966 by Christian Democratic Party dissidents, led by Luis Bedoya Reyes, at the time mayor of Lima.
General elections were held in Nicaragua on 5 November 2006. The country's voters went to the polls to elect a new President of the Republic and 90 members of the National Assembly. Daniel Ortega (FSLN) won the election with 37.99% of the vote, Eduardo Montealegre (ALN) trailing with 28.30%, José Rizo (PLC) with 27.1%, Edmundo Jarquín (MRS) with 6.29%, and Edén Pastora (AC) with 0.29%.
The Multiethnic Indigenous Party is a regional Nicaraguan political party founded in 1998 by the PLC dissident and Maranatha pastor Rayfield Hodgson, governor of the South Atlantic Autonomous Region from 1994 to 1998. The PIM contested in the 1998 Atlantic Coast Regional Elections and won 7 of the 45 seats on the RAAS Regional Council.
The Multiethnic Party for Coast Unity is a regional Nicaraguan political party founded in 2000. PAMUC has its base of supporters in the municipality of Waspam, in the North Atlantic Autonomous Region. The PAMUC contested in the 2002 Atlantic Coast Regional Elections and won 1 seat in the RAAN Regional Council. As of 2006, PAMUC is in alliance with the Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance in the 2006 Nicaraguan general election.
The Coast Alliance was a regional Nicaraguan political coalition of five parties founded in 1997 in opposition to the Constitutionalist Liberal Party and the Sandinista National Liberation Front. The members of the coalition were:
People Power Coalition(PPC), formerly called "EDSA Forces", was a Philippine administration-based political multi-party electoral alliance in the May 14, 2001, midterm Legislative elections. The coalition was created after the EDSA Revolution of 2001 that ousted Joseph Estrada from the presidency. The coalition included Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats, the United Muslim Democrats of the Philippines, Liberal Party, the Nationalist People's Coalition, Aksyon Demokratiko, Nacionalista Party, Partido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan, Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa, the Probinsya Muna Development Initiative and numerous major regional and party-list political parties.
General elections were held in Nicaragua on 6 November 2011. The incumbent president Daniel Ortega, won a third term in this election, with a landslide victory.
Myrna Kay Cunningham Kain is a Miskito feminist, indigenous rights activist and medical surgeon from Nicaragua. She has participated in political-social processes linked to the struggle for the rights of women and indigenous peoples in Latin America. She has been coordinator of the Indigenous Chair of the Intercultural Indigenous University.
The South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Regional Council is the devolved legislature of the South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region. It has the power to legislate on a wide variety of economic, social, and cultural issues not reserved to the central government. The council has the same power as the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Regional Council.
Human rights in Nicaragua refer to personable, political and social rights granted to every human in Nicaragua. Nicaragua derives its understanding of human rights from the Constitution of Nicaragua and international law. Nicaragua is a member state of the United Nations which states that fundamental human rights, such as freedom from slavery and freedom of expression, are enabled for all human beings without discrimination.
George Patrick Henriquez Cassayo is a Nicaraguan activist. Hailing from Nicaragua’s Caribbean Coast, Henriquez is a former YATAMA party activist and served on its behalf as a member of the executive committee unified National Coalition opposition group in 2020. In 2021 he was a pre-candidate for president in the Nicaraguan general election with the Citizens for Liberty Alliance (ACxL).
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