Competition Commission of India

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Competition Commission of India
भारतीय प्रतिस्पर्धा आयोग
Emblem of India (navy blue).svg
Logo of the Competition Commission of India.svg
Commission overview
Formed14 October 2003
(21 years ago) (2003-10-14)
Preceding Commission
  • Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission
Jurisdiction Flag of India.svg Republic of India
HeadquartersCompetition Commission of India 9th Floor, Office Block - 1, Kidwai Nagar (East), New Delhi 110023, India.
Annual budget756.19 Crore (for Financial Year 2023–24)
Minister responsible
Commission executives
  • Ravneet Kaur IAS, (Chairperson)
  • Inder Pal Singh Bindra, IRS, (Secretary)
Website www.cci.gov.in

The Competition Commission of India (CCI) is the chief national competition regulator in India. It is a statutory body within the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and is responsible for enforcing the Competition Act, 2002 to promote competition and prevent activities that have an appreciable adverse effect on competition in India. The CCI looks into cases and investigates them if the same has a negative impact on competition.

Contents

CCI also approves combination under the act so that two merging entities do not overtake the market. [1]

The commission was established on 14 October 2003. It became fully functional in May 2009 with Dhanendra Kumar as its first chairman. [2] [3] The current Chairperson of the CCI is Ravneet Kaur, who was appointed to the role in 2023.

The Competition Act, 2002

The idea of Competition Commission was conceived and introduced in the form of the Competition Act, 2002 by the Vajpayee government. A need was felt to promote competition and private enterprise especially in the light of 1991 Indian economic liberalisation. [4]

The Competition Act, 2002, as amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007, follows the philosophy of modern competition laws. The Act prohibits anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and Merger and acquisition), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India. [5]

The objectives of the act are sought to be achieved through the Competition Commission of India (CCI), which has been established by the Central Government with effect from 14 October 2003. CCI consists of a chairperson and six members appointed by the Central Government. It is the duty of the commission to eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition, promote and sustain competition, protect the interests of consumers and ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India. [5] The commission is also required to give an opinion on competition issues on a reference received from a statutory authority established under any law and to undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues. [5]

Objectives

"The main objective of competition law is to promote economic efficiency using competition as one of the means of assisting the creation of market responsive to consumer preferences. The advantages of perfect competition are three-fold: allocative efficiency, which ensures the effective allocation of resources, productive efficiency, which ensures that costs of production are kept at a minimum and dynamic efficiency, which promotes innovative practices."

Supreme Court of India Judgment in Civil Appeal No. 7999 of 2010 pronounced on 9 September 2010

Preamble to the Competition Act

An Act to provide, keeping in view of the economic development of the country, for the establishment of a Commission to prevent practices having adverse effect on competition, to promote and sustain competition in markets, to protect the interests of consumers and to ensure freedom of trade carried on by other participants in markets, in India, and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. [5]

To achieve its objectives, the Competition Commission of India endeavors to do the following:

Composition

Shri Ashok Chawla, former chairman of the Competition Commission of India, and Mr. Joaquin Almunia, vice-president of the European Commission, signing a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the Field of Competition Law on 21st November 2013. The Chairman, Competition Commission of India, Shri Ashok Chawla and the Vice President for Competition, EU, Mr. Joaquin Almunia signing a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the Field of Competition Laws.jpg
Shri Ashok Chawla, former chairman of the Competition Commission of India, and Mr. Joaquin Almunia, vice-president of the European Commission, signing a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the Field of Competition Law on 21st November 2013.

The commission comprises a chairperson and not less than two and not more than six other members appointed by the Central Government. Ravneet Kaur is the current chairperson of the CCI. [7] The members of the Competition Commission of India are: [8]

  1. Ravneet Kaur
  2. Anil Agarwal
  3. Sweta Kakkad
  4. Deepak Anurag

Notable cases and actions

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Ghosh, Saptaparno (9 September 2023). "The Competition Commission's proposed regulations on merger thresholds | Explained". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  2. ↑ "CCI formation". CCI. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  3. ↑ "CCI through the eyes of the media: Doing well!". MoneyControl.com. 18 September 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  4. ↑ "In fact: How India learnt to promote, and regulate, competition" . Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "The Competition Act – Act No. 12 of 2003" (PDF). Competition Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
  6. ↑ admin (3 August 2015). "International Cooperation". Competition Commission of India,Government of India. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  7. ↑ "CCI – Organogram". Competition Commission of India. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
  8. ↑ Kalra, Aditya (19 September 2023). "India names ex-government official, former WhatsApp exec as new antitrust members, sources say". Reuters. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  9. ↑ Venkatesh, Mahua (15 August 2013). "Competition panel to probe hoarding, onion price rigging". Hindustan Times (New Delhi ed.). Archived from the original on 16 August 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  10. ↑ "Competition Commission of India imposes Rs 6,307 crore penalty on 11 cement companies". Business Standard. 26 June 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  11. 1 2 3 "Competition Commission of India modifies DLF-buyer agreements". Economic Times. 4 January 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  12. 1 2 3 "CCI ruling on DLF: Changing the builder-buyer equation?". Money Control. 4 January 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  13. ↑ "SS-Barmi-v-BCCI". 8 February 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  14. ↑ "Competition watchdog slaps Rs.52.24 crore fine on BCCI". Live Mint. 8 February 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
  15. ↑ "CCI imposes a fine of Rs. 1 Crore upon Google for failure to supply information/ documents in the investigations". PIB. 27 March 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  16. ↑ "Competition panel fines 14 car makers Rs 2,554 crore". LiveMint. 25 August 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  17. ↑ "Cartelisation: CCI imposes Rs 258 crore fine on Jet Airways, IndiGo, SpiceJet". 18 November 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2016– via Financial Express.
  18. ↑ Malvania, Urvi (12 August 2018). "Fox-Disney deal: CCI approves takeover of Murdoch's company in India". Smart Investor. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  19. ↑ "CCI fines chemist and druggist associations and pharma companies". Lexology. 3 January 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  20. 1 2 Javeed, Umar (2021). "Data and Competition Law: Introducing Data As Non-Monetary Consideration and Competition Concerns in Data-Driven Online Platforms". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3788178. ISSN   1556-5068. S2CID   233912862.
  21. ↑ Aulakh, Gulveen (20 June 2019). "CCI asks handset companies for info on agreements with Google". The Economic Times. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  22. ↑ Bureau, The Hindu (17 December 2021). "CCI slaps ₹200 crore fine on Amazon, freezes Future deal". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 18 December 2021.{{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  23. ↑ Singh, Manish (31 December 2021). "India antitrust watchdog orders investigation into Apple's business practices". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
  24. ↑ "CCI slaps Rs 936-cr penalty on Google for abusing its dominant market position". The Indian Express . 26 October 2022.
  25. ↑ SN, Vikas (25 October 2022). "CCI imposes Rs 936.44 crore fine on Google for abusing its dominance on Play Store policies". Network18 Group .
  26. ↑ "India restricts WhatsApp sharing data with other Meta entities, imposes $25.4 mln fine". Reuters. 18 November 2024. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
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