Central Vigilance Commission

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Central Vigilance Commission of India
केंद्रीय सतर्कता आयोग
Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) logo.png
Emblem
Incumbent
Praveen Kumar Srivastava [1]
since 28 December 2022
TypeIndependent Autonomous body
StatusActive
AbbreviationCVC
Reports to
Residence A-Block, GPO Complex, Satarkata Bhavan, INA, New Delhi, Delhi 110023
Seat New Delhi, Delhi
Nominator Prime Minister (Chairperson)
Home Minister (Member)
Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha
Appointer President of India
Term length Up to 4 years or 65 years
Constituting instrumentK.Santhanam Committee
Inaugural holder Nittoor Srinivasa Rau
Website cvc.gov.in

Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is an Indian governmental body created in 1964 to address governmental corruption. In 2003, the Parliament enacted a law conferring statutory status on the CVC. It has the status of an autonomous body, free of control from any executive authority, charged with monitoring all vigilance activity under the Central Government of India, advising various authorities in central Government organizations in planning, executing, reviewing, and reforming their vigilance work.

Contents

History

It was set up by the Government of India Resolution on 11 February 1964, [2] on the recommendations of the Committee on Prevention of Corruption, headed by K. Santhanam, to advise and guide Central Government agencies in the field of vigilance. [3] Nittoor Srinivasa Rau was selected as the first Chief Vigilance Commissioner of India.

The Annual Report of the CVC not only gives the details of the work done by it but also brings out the system failures which leads to corruption in various Departments/Organisations, system improvements, various preventive measures and cases in which the commission's advises were ignored. Praveen Kumar Srivastava was sworn in by President, as the Central Vigilance Commissioner, he is a 1988 batch IAS officer of Assam-Meghalaya cadre and also served earlier as Vigilance Commissioner.

Role

The CVC is not an investigating agency: the only investigation carried out by the CVC is that of examining Civil Works of the Government. [4]

Corruption investigations against government officials can proceed only after the government permits order. The CVC publishes a list of cases where permissions are pending, some of which may be more than a year old. [5]

The Ordinance of 1998 conferred statutory status to the CVC and the powers to exercise superintendence over the functioning of the Delhi Special Police Establishment, and also to review the progress of the investigations on alleged offences under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 conducted by them. In 1998 the Government introduced the CVC Bill in the Lok Sabha to replace the Ordinance, though it was not successful. The Bill was re-introduced in 1999 and remained with the Parliament until September 2003, when it became an Act after being duly passed in both the Houses of Parliament. [6] The CVC has also been publishing a list of corrupt government officials against which it has recommended punitive action. [7] In 2004, the Union government authorised the CVC as the "Designated Agency" to receive written complaints for disclosure on any allegation of corruption or misuse of office and recommend appropriate action. This report delivers to the president.

Appointment

The Central Vigilance Commissioner and the Vigilance Commissioners are appointed by the President on recommendation of a Committee consisting of the Prime Minister (Chairperson), the Minister of Home Affairs (Member) and the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha.

Removal

A member of the commission can be removed from his office only by order of the President on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity after the Supreme Court, on a reference made to it by the President, has, on inquiry, reported that the Central Vigilance Commissioner or any Vigilance Commissioner, as the case may be, ought to be removed. The President may suspend from office, and if deemed necessary, prohibit also from attending the office during inquiry, the Central Vigilance Commissioner or any Vigilance Commissioner in respect of whom a reference has been made to the Supreme Court until the President has passed orders on receipt of the report of the Supreme Court on such reference. The President may, by order, remove from office the Central Vigilance Commissioner or any Vigilance Commissioner if the Central Vigilance Commissioner or such Vigilance Commissioner, as the case may be:

Organisation

Current Composition [10]
DesignationPerson
Central Vigilance CommissionerPraveen Kumar Srivastava
Vigilance CommissionerA.S Rajeev
Vigilance CommissionerVacant

The Central Vigilance Commission has its own Secretariat, Chief Technical Examiners' Wing (CTE) and a wing of Commissioners for Departmental Inquiries (CDI). As of 21 March 2012, CVC has a staff strength of 257 against sanctioned strength of 299 (including the post of CVC and 2 VCs). [10]

Secretariat

The Secretariat consists of a Secretary of the rank of Additional Secretary to the Union government, one officer of the rank of Joint Secretary to the Union government, ten officers of the rank of Director/Deputy Secretary, four Under Secretaries and office staff. [11]

Chief Technical Examiners' Wing (CTE)

The Chief Technical Examiners' Organisation constitutes the technical wing of the Central Vigilance Commission and has two Engineers of the rank of Chief Engineers (designated as Chief Technical Examiners) with supporting engineering staff. Following are the main functions of this organisation:

Commissioners for Departmental Inquiries (CDI)

There are fourteen posts of Commissioners for Departmental Inquiries (CDI) in the commission, 11 in the rank of Director and 03 in the rank of Deputy Secretary. The CDIs function as Inquiry Officers to conduct inquiries in departmental proceedings initiated against public servants. [11]

The Directorate General of Vigilance

The Directorate General of Vigilance, Income Tax is the apex body under the Central Board of Direct Taxes for the vigilance matters. The Directorate General interfaces with the Central Vigilance Commission, the Central Bureau of Investigation, field formations of CBDT who are also having their Vigilance wings and others in all the matters relating to Vigilance, preliminary investigation of complaints, obtaining CVC/CVO's first stage advice, wherever required, assistance to Ministry in issuance of charge sheets, monitoring the charge sheet issued by the Disciplinary authorities in the field, monitoring of progress in inquiry proceedings, processing of enquiry reports, obtaining CVC/CVO's second stage advice, wherever required and communication thereof to Disciplinary authorities and monitoring compliance/implementation of the advice.

Central Vigilance Commissioners

The following have held the post of the Central Vigilance Commissioners. [12]

List of Central Vigilance Commissioners
No.NameTook officeLeft office
1 Nittoor Srinivasa Rau 19 February 196423 August 1968
2 Subimal Dutt 28 October 196816 February 1972
3B. K. Acharya9 September 19728 September 1977
4M. G. Pimputkar17 September 197730 April 1980
5 Ram Krishna Trivedi 30 October 198018 June 1982
6R. P. Khanna8 July 19827 July 1985
7U. C. Agarwal8 July 19857 July 1988
8 C. G. Somiah 17 October 198826 March 1990
9T. U. Vijayasekharan4 April 19903 April 1995
10 N. Vittal 3 September 19982 September 2002
11P. Shankar3 September 20022 September 2006
12 Pratyush Sinha 7 September 20066 September 2010
13 P.J.Thomas 7 September 20103 March 2011
14 Pradeep Kumar 14 July 201128 September 2014
15Rajiv29 September 20149 June 2015
16 K. V. Chowdary 10 June 20159 June 2019
17 Sharad Kumar 10 June 201924 April 2020
18Sanjay Kothari25 April 2020 [13] 23 June 2021
19Suresh N Patel25 June 202124 December 2022
20Praveen Kumar Srivastava28 December 20226 January 2027

Limitations of CVC

As a result, the CVC has neither resources nor powers to inquire and take action on complaints of corruption that may act as an effective deterrence against corruption. [20]

Controversies

Supreme court quashes appointment of CVC

PJ Thomas was appointed as the Chief Vigilance Commissioner in September 2010, on the recommendation of a High Powered Committee (HPC) headed by the Prime Minister. The selection of the new CVC was marked by controversies, after Sushma Swaraj, who was part of three-member selection committee, objected to the choice of Thomas, citing the pending chargesheet against him. A public interest litigation was filed in the Supreme Court by Centre for Public Interest Litigation and India Rejuvenation Initiative. [21]

On 3 March 2011, the Supreme Court quashed the appointment of Thomas as the Chief Vigilance Commissioner, noting that the HPC did not consider the relevant materials on the pending chargesheet. [22] Subsequently, Thomas resigned. [23]

Whistleblower protection

A few years after the murder of IIT Kanpur alumnus NHAI engineer, the CVC launched an initiative to protect whistleblowers. However, this programme has been criticized by ex-Chief Justice of India R.C. Lahoti as being ineffective. He said that he had on previous occasions through his NGO India Rejuvenation Initiative, tried to draw the attention of high officials in the CVC to the unsatisfactory manner of its functioning, but with no results. [24]

Petition against appointment of K V Chowdary

Before K V Chowdary's appointment, Supreme Court lawyer and Rajya Sabha MP Ram Jethmalani [25] as well as lawyer and activist Prashant Bhushan [26] raised a red flag, asking the Prime Minister not to go ahead with his appointment, [27] raising severe objections on Chowdary's tenure as CBDT Chief. After Chowdary was appointed, Jethmalani expressed disappointment and wrote a letter to Narendra Modi questioning Chowdhary's credentials. [28] NGO Common Cause represented by Prashant Bhushan has filed a petition in the Supreme Court challenging K V Chowdary's appointment as CVC and T M Bhasin's appointment as VC on 22 July. [29]

New initiatives

The following initiatives have been taken by CVC:

  1. National Anticorruption Strategy
  2. Leveraging Technology to Prevent Corruption
  3. Integrity in Public procurement
  4. Awareness Campaign
  5. Provision for Whistle Blowers
  6. Improving the Standard of Vigilance Work
  7. Computerisation of Commission's Work
  8. Modern Preventive Vigilance Framework
  9. International Cooperation. etc. [30]

Vigilance Awareness Week

Driven by the Central Vigilance Commission, [31] Vigilance Awareness Week (VAW) is being celebrated every year and coincides with the birthday of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, known to be a man of high integrity. To make a New India by the year 2022, which is the 75th anniversary of Indian independence from the British Raj, the VAW is being celebrated in promoting integrity and eradicating corruption.

Vigilance Awareness Week – Theme for 2019

In 2019, the CVC observed VAW from 28 October 2019 to 2 November 2019 with the theme "Integrity – A way of life" ("ईमानदारी के साथ आत्म निर्भरता").[ citation needed ]

Vigilance Awareness Week – Theme for 2020

The theme for VAW 2020, observed from 27 October to 2 November was "Vigilant India, Prosperous India"[ citation needed ]

Vigilance Awareness Week – Theme for 2021

The theme for VAW 2021 was "Self Reliance with Integrity”.[ citation needed ]

Vigilance Awareness Week – Theme for 2022

The theme for VAW 2022 is "Corruption Free India for a Developed nation"

Vigilance Awareness Week – Theme for 2023

The theme for VAW 2023 is "Say no to corruption, commit to the Nation"

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Vigilance Commissioner Suresh Patel to act as CVC". The Hindu. 26 June 2021.
  2. ↑ Central Vigilance Commission, Introduction Archived 10 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine , accessed 16 October 2019
  3. ↑ "Background". Archived from the original on 15 May 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
  4. ↑ I De on Administrative Law, Tripathi(1986)
  5. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). Released 31 May 2011, oldest case from 30/04/10 relates to Rakesh Mohan, (IAS 78 batch), ex-CEO, Delhi Jal Board
  6. ↑ http://cvc.nic.in/introduction.html%5B‍%5D
  7. ↑ 121 officers named in 2011 Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine and 123 in 2009
  8. 1 2 "CVC Act". CVC. Retrieved 30 April 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
  9. ↑ "The Central Vigilance Commission Act, 2003 [Act 45 of 2003]" (PDF). India Code. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  10. 1 2 "Central Vigilance Commission". Archived from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  11. 1 2 3 "CVC – ORGANISATION". CVC. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  12. ↑ "Former CVCs". cvc.gov.in. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
  13. ↑ "President's secretary Sanjay Kothari appointed Central Vigilance Commissioner". The Economic Times.
  14. 1 2 "Make Lokpal, Lokayukta apex, independent agencies". The Hindu . 2 September 2010. Archived from the original on 5 September 2010. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  15. ↑ "CVC – Introduction". cvc.gov.in. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  16. ↑ "What is the Staff Strength of CVC?". indiacurrentaffairs.org. 24 August 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  17. ↑ Dr Subramanian Swamy v. Director, Central Bureau of Investigation & Anr.; W.P.(C) 38 of 1997. 6 May 2014.
  18. ↑ Kanoon, Indian. "Dr.Subramanian Swamy vs Director, Cbi & Anr on 6 May, 2014".
  19. ↑ "Functions and Powers of the Central Vigilance Commission". CVC.gov.in. Archived from the original on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  20. ↑ India Against Corruption (6 April 2011). "What Is Wrong With Our Anti-Corruption Systems?". Outlook India. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  21. ↑ "The Pioneer". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  22. ↑ "Supreme Court strikes down P J Thomas as vigilance chief". 3 March 2011. Archived from the original on 7 March 2011. Retrieved 26 April 2012. Supreme Court strikes down P J Thomas as vigilance chief
  23. ↑ "Thomas Resigns As CVC". Outlook India. 3 March 2011. Archived from the original on 31 January 2013. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
  24. ↑ . 21 July 2010 http://www.indianexpress.com/news/whistleblowers-who-went-to-cvc-suffered-stem-rot-excji-to-sonia/649640/0.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) quote: "every whistleblower who approached CVC came to grief, while culprits remain, by and large, unharmed to this day."
  25. ↑ "Now, Ram Jethmalani opposes CVC appointment of ex-CBDT chief KV Chowdary | Tilak Marg". 4 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  26. ↑ "Prashanth Bhushan explains why KV Chowdhary shouldn't be CVC | Tehelka - Investigations, Latest News, Politics, Analysis, Blogs, Culture, Photos, Videos, Podcasts". www.tehelka.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  27. ↑ "Prashant Bhushan on the new CVC appointment. Shocking Facts". Archived from the original on 30 July 2015. Retrieved 29 July 2015.
  28. ↑ "Why Jethmalani is unhappy with Modi govt over new CVC's appointment". 9 June 2015. Archived from the original on 3 September 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  29. ↑ "Petition in SC Challenging Appointment of CVC and VC". Archived from the original on 28 October 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  30. ↑ "Initiatives taken by the Commission". Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
  31. ↑ "Home | Central Vigilance Commission | Government of India". cvc.nic.in. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
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