Related Research Articles
The government of Sierra Leone is the governing authority of the Republic of Sierra Leone,as established by the Sierra Leone Constitution. The Sierra Leone government is divided into three branches:the executive,legislative and the judiciary. The seat of government of Sierra Leone is in the capital Freetown.
The European Ombudsman is an inter-institutional body of the European Union that holds the institutions,bodies and agencies of the EU to account,and promotes good administration. The Ombudsman helps people,businesses and organisations facing problems with the EU administration by investigating complaints,as well as by proactively looking into broader systemic issues. The current Ombudsman is Emily O'Reilly.
A national human rights institution (NHRI) is an independent state-based institution with the responsibility to broadly protect and promote human rights in a given country. The growth of such bodies has been encouraged by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR),which has provided advisory and support services,and facilitated access for NHRIs to the United Nations (UN) treaty bodies and other committees. There are over one hundred such institutions,about two-thirds assessed by peer review as compliant with the United Nations standards set out in the Paris Principles. Compliance with the Principles is the basis for accreditation at the UN,which,uniquely for NHRIs,is not conducted directly by a UN body but by a sub-committee of the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI) called the Sub-Committee on Accreditation. The secretariat to the review process is provided by the National Institutions and Regional Mechanisms Section of the OHCHR.
The Commission on Elections,abbreviated as COMELEC,is one of the three constitutional commissions of the Philippines. Its principal role is to enforce all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of elections in the Philippines.
The ombudsman of the Philippines is an ombudsman responsible for investigating and prosecuting Philippine government officials accused of crimes,especially graft and corruption.
The Commission Against Corruption is the statutory independent anti-corruption body of Macau with the primary objective of combating corruption,bribery,and other illicit activities in both the public and private sectors. Established in 1999 under the Article 59 of the Macau Basic Law,the CCAC is headed by the Commissioner,who reports directly to the Chief Executive of Macau.
The Korea Independent Commission Against Corruption is an independent commission that reports to the President in its fight against corruption and the consequent promotion of the clean administration of South Korea.
The legal system of South Korea is a civil law system that has its basis in the Constitution of the Republic of Korea. The Court Organization Act,which was passed into law on 26 September 1949,officially created a three-tiered,independent judicial system. The revised Constitution of 1987 codified judicial independence in Article 103,which states that,"Judges rule independently according to their conscience and in conformity with the Constitution and the law." The 1987 rewrite also established the Constitutional Court,the first time that South Korea had an active body for constitutional review.
The Office of Police Integrity (OPI) was the Australian state of Victoria independent police oversight and anti-corruption agency established by the Victorian Government in November 2004. OPI ceased operation on 9 February 2013 and was replaced by the Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (IBAC). OPI's official role was to detect,investigate and prevent police corruption and serious misconduct and to ensure that police members had regard to the human rights set out in the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities.
The Office of Ombudsman is a Hong Kong statutory authority,established on 1 March 1989,charged with ensuring that Hong Kong is served by a fair and efficient public administration that is committed to accountable,openness and quality of services. It operates mainly by investigating and giving recommendations to government departments.
The Commission on Human Rights (CHR) is an independent constitutional office created under the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines,with the primary function of investigating all forms of human rights violations involving civil and political rights in the Philippines.
A Lokpal is an anti-corruption authority or body of ombudsman who represents the public interest in the Republic of India. The current Chairperson of Lokpal is Pradip Kumar Mohanty. The Lokpal has jurisdiction over central government to inquire into allegations of corruption against its public functionaries and for matters connected to corruption. The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act was passed in 2013 with amendments in parliament,following the Jan Lokpal movement led by Anna Hazare in 2010. The Lokpal is responsible for enquiring into corruption charges at the national level while the Lokayukta performs the same function at the state level. The age of Lokpal on the date of assuming office as the chairperson or a member should not be less than 45 years.
The Lokayukta is the Indian Parliamentary Ombudsman,executed into power,through and for,each of the State Governments of India. It is brought into effect in a state,after passing the Lokayukta Act in respective state Legislature and a person of reputable background is nominated to the post. The post is created to quickly address grievances against the working integrity and efficiency of the government or its administration. Once appointed,Lokayukta cannot be dismissed or transferred by the government,and can only be removed by passing an impeachment motion by the state assembly,making it a powerful deterrent against corruption and mal-administration of the governing system.
Ombudsmen in Australia are independent agencies who assist when a dispute arises between individuals and industry bodies or government agencies. Government ombudsman services are free to the public,like many other ombudsman and dispute resolution services,and are a means of resolving disputes outside of the court systems. Australia has an ombudsman assigned for each state;as well as an ombudsman for the Commonwealth of Australia. As laws differ between states just one process,or policy,cannot be used across the Commonwealth. All government bodies are within the jurisdiction of the ombudsman.
An ombudsman,ombud,ombuds,bud,ombudswoman,ombudsperson or public advocate is an official who is usually appointed by the government or by parliament to investigate complaints and attempt to resolve them,usually through recommendations or mediation.
The Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice(CHRAJ) is an independent governmental organization charged with safeguarding of human rights and investigating human rights abuses in Ghana. It was established in 1993 by Act 456 of the Parliament of Ghana as directed by Article 216 of the 1992 Ghana constitution.
The Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Corruption is rife in Papua New Guinea (PNG). According to The Economist,"PNG's governments are notorious for corruption,and ever run the risk of turning the state into a fully-fledged kleptocracy".
The Office of the Provedor for Human Rights and Justice,or Provedoria dos Direitos Humanos e Justiça (PDHJ),is the National Human Rights Institution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste. It was established under Section 27 of the Constitution of Timor-Leste in May 2002 and first opened its doors in 2006. The PDHJ has a dual mandate covering human rights and good governance.
The National Anti-Corruption Commission is a constitutional organization of Thailand. It is sometimes confused with the Anti-Corruption Organization of Thailand (ACT),a private foundation.
References
- Major Changes and Achievements Since the Launch of ACRC
- Ombudsman Annual Report 2008
- Anti-Corruption Annual Report 2008
