Crush 40

Last updated

Crush 40
Crush 40.JPG
Crush 40 performing at Summer of Sonic 2010 in London. From left to right; Jun Senoue and Johnny Gioeli.
Background information
Also known asSons of Angels
OriginJapan, United States
Genres
Years active1998–present
Labels Wave Master, Frontiers, Victor
Members

Crush 40 is a Japanese-American hard rock band. The group consists of guitarist and composer Jun Senoue and vocalist Johnny Gioeli, although Senoue has featured other lead vocalists on a Crush 40 album. Crush 40 is best known for their contributions to the Sonic the Hedgehog video game series.

Contents

Senoue has been employed by Sega as a composer since 1993. While preparing music for Sonic Adventure , he contacted Gioeli to record the game's main track, "Open Your Heart". They also recorded the soundtrack for NASCAR Arcade under the name "Sons of Angels" and released it in 2000 in Japan as the album Thrill of the Feel. Afterward, Senoue and Gioeli stayed in contact and continued to record new music for further Sonic games, as well as their own original music, and performed live concerts.

Crush 40 has released a total of two studio albums, two live albums, two compilations, an EP, and individual tracks, mostly under Sega's Wave Master label. The band's musical style of hard rock, considered by some to be a continuation of glam rock, has created a legacy with fans of the Sonic video game series.

History

Formation, Thrill of the Feel, and Crush 40

After graduating from college, Jun Senoue was hired by Sega in 1993 to compose music for video games. His first project in the Sonic the Hedgehog series was Sonic the Hedgehog 3 & Knuckles (1994), [1] and he also contributed to Dark Wizard , Sonic 3D Blast , and Sega Rally 2. [2] During recording for Daytona USA: Championship Circuit Edition , Senoue worked with Eric Martin of Mr. Big to record the main theme, "Sons of Angels". [3] [4] Senoue said he brought a rock music feel to the games he worked on, including the Sonic the Hedgehog series, because he is a "rock guy". [1]

In 1998, Senoue contacted vocalist Johnny Gioeli during the recording process for Sonic Adventure and recorded their first song, "Open Your Heart". Senoue had previously recorded a demo of the song with Eizo Sakamoto on vocals, [5] but Senoue has stated that he wrote the song assuming Gioeli would sing it. [6] According to Gioeli, Senoue was a fan of Gioeli's band Hardline and connected with him via Doug Aldrich, the guitarist for Whitesnake. After making the track, the two stayed in contact, [5] having enjoyed working together and wanting to do more. [6] Senoue and Gioeli worked together again on songs for NASCAR Arcade. [4] In addition to Senoue and Gioeli, Naoto Shibata and Hirotsugu Homma of Loudness played the bass and drums, respectively, for the songs, [7] and the group took the name Sons of Angels, from the title of the song Senoue recorded with Eric Martin. [3] In 2000, the band released Thrill of the Feel in Japan, published by Victor Entertainment. The album contained the tracks they had written for NASCAR Arcade, along with "Open Your Heart". [7] [8]

During the development of Sonic Adventure 2 , Senoue and Gioeli reunited to record the title track, "Live & Learn". As Shibata and Homma were busy performing with Loudness and later Anthem, Takeshi Taneda  [ ja ] was brought in to play bass, and Katsuji Kirita from Gargoyle and The Cro-Magnons played drums. [7] [9] According to Vice, "Live & Learn" is one of Gioeli's favorite songs. [10] Senoue recorded the intro to the song for the game's trial edition; he worked on the rest of the arrangement later and completed it within one day. He then sent a demo to Gioeli to record his vocals. [6] Gioeli was given the task of writing the lyrics for "Live & Learn". He initially was nervous and asked Senoue if his lyrics were okay on multiple occasions, but despite this, "Live & Learn" became one of the most memorable songs on the Sonic Adventure 2 soundtrack according to Sean Aitchison of Fanbyte. [5]

Around this time, the band was renamed Crush 40, after discovering that there was a Norwegian rock band already named Sons of Angels. [5] When asked why he chose "Crush 40", Senoue said, "When we had to pick one, we chose the word we like... 'Crush' is one of them, and Johnny added the number. Crush is the name of the soda too... that's my favorite!" [3] Gioeli added that his inspiration for the title was a desire to "crush" his forties, which he was approaching at the time. [5] Two years after the 2001 release of Sonic Adventure 2, the album Crush 40 was released by Frontiers Records. [11] The album contained the vocal tracks from NASCAR Arcade, Sonic Adventure and Sonic Adventure 2. [11] According to Senoue, Crush 40 is specifically the band of himself and Gioeli, though tracks "It Doesn't Matter" and "Escape from the City" (sung by Tony Harnell and Ted Poley, respectively) were included on the album. Senoue explained this was done to exhibit these songs to fans. [12]

Recordings for Sega and The Best of Crush 40: Super Sonic Songs

In 2003, Crush 40 composed two new songs entitled "Sonic Heroes" and "What I'm Made Of..." for Sega's Sonic Heroes , the first multiplatform Sonic game. [7] Both Senoue and Gioeli have called "What I'm Made Of..." their favorite song to perform. [13] For Shadow the Hedgehog in 2005, Crush 40 recorded "I Am... All of Me", as well as "Never Turn Back". [5] The drums for both songs were recorded by Toru Kawamura. [14] Additionally, Crush 40 recorded covers of songs used in 2006's Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic and the Secret Rings , Sonic Riders and Zero Gravity, and Sonic CD . The band also recorded five original songs and a cover for Sonic and the Black Knight. [5]

For their first 10 years, Crush 40 never performed live. [6] In 2008, Crush 40 performed live at the Tokyo Game Show, with Senoue and Gioeli performing with backing tracks. [15] A year later, Senoue revealed to Famitsu that Crush 40 had two album releases in the works, one of which was a "Best Of" album, due for release in September 2009. He also announced the release of future songs that were not written for video games. [16] The Best of Crush 40 – Super Sonic Songs was released on November 18, 2009. In addition to compiling various Crush 40 songs from previous games, the album featured a new song, "Is It You," [17] and a cover of "Fire Woman", a song released by The Cult in 1989. [14] Senoue was also credited as a soloist on "Before This", a song from the 2009 Hardline album Leaving the End Open . [18]

Rise Again, Live!, 2 Nights 2 Remember, and Driving Through Forever

Crush 40 performing in Tokyo in 2012 Crush40LiveTokyo2012.jpg
Crush 40 performing in Tokyo in 2012

After the 2010 release of Sonic Free Riders , Crush 40's contributions to Sonic the Hedgehog decreased. [5] Senoue was no longer lead composer on games in the Sonic series after 2011's Sonic Generations . [19] During the next few years, Crush 40 made more live performances and recordings. [5] In 2010, Crush 40 performed live at the Summer of Sonic convention. The next year, Crush 40 recorded a single, "Song of Hope", as inspiration for hope for victims of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. [20] According to Senoue, the song was written for charity, specifically for the Red Cross. [13] Subsequently, "Song of Hope" and three new songs were released as an EP called Rise Again. One of the included songs, "Sonic Youth", [21] pays tribute to Crush 40's fans with numerous references to the band's past songs. [5]

On March 29 and 30, 2012, Crush 40 performed live at Shibuya GUILTY in Tokyo, with Sonic Team producer Takashi Iizuka in the audience. [22] From this concert, performed with Taneda and Kawamura, Crush 40's album Live! was recorded, [23] and was released on October 3, 2012. [24] The band also performed at the St. Louis Sonic Boom Festival in August 2013, [25] and performed additional shows at the Summer of Sonic convention in 2012 and 2016, [13] [26] and San Diego Comic-Con conventions in 2016 and 2017. [5] After more live performances at the Tokyo Game Show and Japan Game Music Festival 2013, in 2014 Crush 40 was announced for another two-night performance at Shibuya GUILTY. For the concert, Senoue and Gioeli were joined by Taneda and Katsuji. [27] The concert featured two new songs, as well as a performance of Hardline's "Love Leads the Way". [9] Recorded from that performance, 2 Nights 2 Remember, Crush 40's second live album, was released on May 13, 2015. It features four additional studio-recorded songs. [28]

In 2018, Senoue was named lead composer for the soundtrack for Team Sonic Racing . [19] He was requested to make the game's theme a song by Crush 40. This led to Senoue and Gioeli recording "Green Light Ride" for the game, [29] Crush 40's first Sonic game theme in several years. [5] The song was premiered at E3 2018, to a stronger reaction than Senoue expected. A short version of the song was made available in December 2018, before the 2019 release of the game itself. [29] [30] Senoue expressed his joy at being able to record another game theme with Crush 40, [1] twenty years after Crush 40 began. [29] Subsequently, Crush 40 released another compilation album, Driving Through Forever, in 2019. [5] In 2020, Gioeli re-recorded "Song of Hope" with Bulgarian vocalist Sevi, as a way of reconnecting with fans during the coronavirus pandemic. [20] On June 23, 2021, Sega held the Sonic the Hedgehog 30th Anniversary Symphony with Crush 40 as one of the participating acts. [31]

In February 2024, following the use of its instrumental in a teaser, Gioeli confirmed that "Live & Learn" would be featured in Sonic the Hedgehog 3 . He said that how the song is used is ultimately up to producers. [32]

Musical style and legacy

According to Allegra Frank and Philip Kollar of Polygon, Crush 40 and Senoue have made "some of the most memorable butt rock tracks from Sonic history (and the history of video games in general)". [33] Writing for Vice, Andy McDonald stated that Crush 40 helped to keep glam rock alive after grunge had supplanted it as a more popular style of rock music. [10] Reviewing the album Crush 40, Chris Greening of Video Game Music Online highlights the hard rock sound and showing of Gioeli's experience in the vocals, stating that "Live & Learn" is "an ecstatic Americana rock anthem featuring Johnny at his best", while also stating the instrumentals are inspired by early 1990s heavy metal. He calls the album "among the best of the genre in game music". [11]

Gioeli, who is not a gamer, described his songwriting process with Senoue for games as being akin to writing a soundtrack for a movie, watching scenes from the game or looking at storyboards. According to Gioeli, "Jun and I have our system—he starts with a musical feeling and sometimes a melody idea and then I go nuts with it! The lyrics do have to be approved for content, but that's it. We have the freedom to write what we feel is the right song for the scene." [10] He has stated that among his three main projects—Crush 40, Hardline, and performing with Axel Rudi Pell—all three are different styles of rock music and he has to set himself in the "right emotions" to perform. [13]

When interviewed about his style and that of the band, Jun Senoue said, "I know what my style is, and I know what my favourite genres of music are. I listen to a lot of metal music, as well as other genres of music, and my inspiration is always there. The style of the music in the game does change, and it gives a great sense of progression... When we got together to write stuff for Shadow [the Hedgehog], we found that our fresh ideas were a lot different to the songs we'd written back in 2002 – our sound had changed." [34] Senoue has stated that the tempo of each song written for a game is based on how it is planned to be used and what would be suitable, but those songs not for a game are what the duo want to perform. [6]

Writing for Fanbyte, Sean Aitchison stated that Crush 40 provided a signature musical style for the Sonic the Hedgehog series and expanded the musical tastes of Sonic fans. According to Aitchison, "The band embedded themselves in the memories and hearts of an entire generation of Sonic fans. Though their contributions to the Sonic franchise may be small in number, they are massive in impact." [5] Kofi-Charu Nat Turner's 2008 study of media usage in an American urban middle school listed the band as a common interest within the group studied. [35]

Discography

YearAlbumPublisherTypeReference
2000Thrill of the Feel (as Sons of Angels)Victor EntertainmentStudio album [8]
2003Crush 40Frontiers Records [11]
2009The Best of Crush 40: Super Sonic SongsWave MasterCompilation [17]
2011Rise AgainEP [21]
2012Live!Live album [24]
20152 Nights 2 Remember [28]
2019Driving Through ForeverCompilation [36]

Games

YearGameSong(s)References
1998 Sonic Adventure
  • "Open Your Heart"
 [5]
2000 NASCAR Arcade
  • "Revvin' Up"
  • "Into the Wind"
  • "In the Lead"
  • "Fuel Me"
  • "Dangerous Ground"
  • "All the Way"
  • "Watch Me Fly..."
 [4] [8]
2001 Sonic Adventure 2
  • "Live & Learn"
 [5]
2003 Sonic Heroes
  • "Sonic Heroes"
  • "What I'm Made Of..."
 [7]
2005 Shadow the Hedgehog
  • "I Am... All of Me"
  • "Never Turn Back"
 [5]
2006 Sonic the Hedgehog [37]
2008 Super Smash Bros. Brawl
  • "Open Your Heart"
  • "Live & Learn"
  • "Sonic Heroes"
 [38]
2009 Sonic and the Black Knight
  • "Knight of the Wind"
  • "Live Life"
  • "Fight the Knight"
  • "Through the Fire"
  • "With Me" [lower-alpha 3]
[39]
2010 Sonic Free Riders [40]
2011 Sonic Generations
  • "Open Your Heart" (Crush 40 vs. Circuit Freq remix)
 [41]
2014 Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U
  • "Open Your Heart"
  • "Live & Learn" [lower-alpha 5]
  • "Sonic Heroes"
  • "Knight of the Wind"
 [42] [43]
2018 Super Smash Bros. Ultimate [44]
2019 Team Sonic Racing
  • "Green Light Ride"
 [29]

Notes

  1. ↑ Cover of "All Hail Shadow" by Magna-Fi, originally in Shadow the Hedgehog
  2. ↑ Cover of "His World" by Ali Tabatabaee and Matty Lewis of Zebrahead. Soundtrack release only.
  3. ↑ Written by Crush 40 and performed by Emma Gelotte and Tinna Karlsdotte of All Ends. A "Massive Power Mix" version by Crush 40 is on the soundtrack only.
  4. ↑ Written by Crush 40 and performed by Chris Madin. A version performed by Crush 40 is on the soundtrack only.
  5. ↑ Is the only track available on 3DS; all other tracks are Wii U or Ultimate only

Related Research Articles

<i>Sonic the Hedgehog 3</i> 1994 video game

Sonic the Hedgehog 3 is a 1994 platform game developed and published by Sega for the Genesis. Like previous Sonic games, players traverse side-scrolling levels while collecting rings and defeating enemies. They control Sonic and Tails, who attempt to retrieve the Chaos Emeralds to stop Doctor Robotnik from relaunching his space station, the Death Egg, after it crash-lands on a mysterious floating island. Sonic 3 introduces Knuckles the Echidna, the island guardian, who lays traps for Sonic and Tails.

<i>Sonic Adventure</i> 1998 video game

Sonic Adventure is a 1998 platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Dreamcast. It was the first main Sonic the Hedgehog game to feature 3D gameplay. It follows Sonic the Hedgehog, Miles "Tails" Prower, Knuckles the Echidna, Amy Rose, Big the Cat, and E-102 Gamma in their quests to collect the Chaos Emeralds and stop Doctor Robotnik from unleashing Chaos, an ancient evil. Controlling one of the six characters—each with their own abilities—players complete levels to progress the story. Sonic Adventure retains many elements from prior Sonic games, such as power-ups and the ring-based health system. Players can play minigames such as racing and interact with Chao, a virtual pet.

<i>Sonic the Hedgehog</i> (1991 video game) Multidirectional scrolling platform game

Sonic the Hedgehog is a 1991 platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Genesis/Mega Drive. It was released in North America on June 23 and in PAL regions and Japan the following month. Players control Sonic the Hedgehog, who can run at near supersonic speeds; Sonic sets out on a quest to defeat Dr. Robotnik, a scientist who has imprisoned animals in robots and seeks the powerful Chaos Emeralds. The gameplay involves collecting rings as a form of health, and a simple control scheme, with jumping and attacking controlled by a single button.

<i>Sonic Adventure 2</i> 2001 video game

Sonic Adventure 2 is a 2001 platform game developed by Sonic Team USA and published by Sega for the Dreamcast. It features two good-vs-evil stories: Sonic the Hedgehog, Miles "Tails" Prower, and Knuckles the Echidna attempt to save the world, while Shadow the Hedgehog, Doctor Eggman, and Rouge the Bat attempt to conquer it. The stories are divided into three gameplay styles: fast-paced platforming for Sonic and Shadow, multidirectional shooting for Tails and Eggman, and action-adventure exploration for Knuckles and Rouge. Like previous Sonic the Hedgehog games, the player completes levels while collecting rings and defeating enemies. Outside the main gameplay, they can interact with Chao, a virtual pet, and compete in multiplayer battles.

Dreams Come True is a Japanese pop band formed in 1988 by Miwa Yoshida, Masato Nakamura (bass) and Takahiro Nishikawa (keyboards). Nishikawa left in 2002 to pursue a solo career.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kay Hanley</span> American singer and songwriter

Kay Hanley is an American singer and songwriter. She is best known as the vocalist for the alternative rock band Letters to Cleo.

<i>Shadow the Hedgehog</i> (video game) 2005 video game

Shadow the Hedgehog is a 2005 platform game developed by Sega Studios USA and published by Sega as part of the Sonic the Hedgehog series. The game follows its amnesiac titular character as he attempts to learn about his past, while an alien invasion plagues Earth. Shadow the Hedgehog reintroduces third-person shooter elements from Sonic Adventure and Sonic Adventure 2, but greatly expands upon the concept and introduces nonlinear gameplay to the Sonic franchise. To defeat enemies and progress through the game, Shadow can use a variety of weapons from each faction and complete missions that will determine the game's plot and subsequently playable levels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jun Senoue</span> Japanese composer and guitarist (born 1970)

Jun Senoue is a Japanese composer and guitarist. Employed by video game company Sega, he is known for his musical contributions to the company's Sonic the Hedgehog franchise. He serves as the primary songwriter and one half of the Japanese-American rock duo Crush 40, which he formed with Johnny Gioeli in 2000. The duo contributed songs to each of the series' major titles until 2010, after which Senoue remained involved in musical production for further Sonic games.

<i>Sonic the Hedgehog</i> (2006 video game) Platform game by Sega

Sonic the Hedgehog is a 2006 platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega. It was produced in commemoration of the Sonic series' 15th anniversary and intended as a reboot for the seventh-generation video game consoles. Players control Sonic, Shadow, and the new character Silver, who battle Solaris, an ancient evil pursued by Doctor Eggman. Each playable character has his own campaign and abilities, and must complete levels, explore hub worlds and fight bosses to advance the story. In multiplayer modes, players can work cooperatively to collect Chaos Emeralds or race to the end of a level.

<i>Sonic the Hedgehog</i> Video game franchise

Sonic the Hedgehog is a video game series and media franchise created by the Japanese developers Yuji Naka, Naoto Ohshima, and Hirokazu Yasuhara for Sega. The franchise follows Sonic, an anthropomorphic blue hedgehog who battles the evil Doctor Eggman, a mad scientist. The main Sonic the Hedgehog games are platformers mostly developed by Sonic Team; other games, developed by various studios, include spin-offs in the racing, fighting, party and sports genres. The franchise also incorporates printed media, animations, feature films, and merchandise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ted Poley</span> American singer

Ted Poley is an American musician who is best known as the lead vocalist of the hard rock band Danger Danger. Previously performed in Prophet as a drummer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fire Woman</span> 1989 single by the Cult

"Fire Woman" is a song by British rock band the Cult, written by singer Ian Astbury and guitarist Billy Duffy. It was the first single released from their fourth studio album, Sonic Temple, and was subsequently featured on all of the Cult's compilation/greatest hits albums, as well as being a steady fixture of the band's live performances.

<i>NASCAR Arcade</i> 2000 racing arcade game

NASCAR Arcade, initially known as NASCAR Rubbin' Racing outside North America, is a 2000 racing arcade game developed by Sega Rosso and released by Sega. It was produced at the suggestion of producer Kenji Arai, and the soundtrack was produced by Jun Senoue. The game is based on NASCAR, and carries an official license with permission from EA Sports, which permitted Sega to develop the game as a coin-op only title.

<i>Sonic and the Black Knight</i> 2009 video game

Sonic and the Black Knight is a 2009 platform video game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega as part of the Sonic the Hedgehog series for the Nintendo Wii. It is the second and final entry in the Sonic Storybook series, following Sonic and the Secret Rings (2007), and involves Sonic being transported to the story of King Arthur by wizard Merlina, under the pretense that they are attempting to stop a corrupted Arthur ; however, it is later revealed that there was no corruption and that Merlina had secretly wanted to become the Dark Queen to prevent the legend's fate from occurring. Gameplay involves controlling Sonic around with the Wii Remote's motion-sensing functionality, particularly swinging around the sword to attack enemies and to move forward.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johnny Gioeli</span> American musician

Johnny Gioeli is an American singer, songwriter and composer. He is the lead vocalist of the rock bands Hardline and Crush 40, as well as a member of German guitarist Axel Rudi Pell's band. He is most well known in pop culture for his contributions to the Sonic the Hedgehog games with Crush 40.

<i>Leaving the End Open</i> 2009 studio album by Hardline

Leaving the End Open is the third studio album by the American rock group Hardline. This is their first album since 2002's II. The new line up for the album features two new band members, Jamie Brown on bass guitar and Atma Anur on drums. The album was released on April 17, 2009, in the UK and it was released in the USA on May 2, 2009.

<i>Sonic the Hedgehog 4: Episode I</i> 2010 video game

Sonic the Hedgehog 4: Episode I is a 2010 platform game developed by Dimps, with assistance from Sonic Team, and published by Sega. It is a sequel to Sonic & Knuckles (1994), following Sonic as he sets out to stop a returning Doctor Eggman. Like the Sonic the Hedgehog games released for the Sega Genesis, Episode I features side-scrolling gameplay, with movement restricted to a 2D plane. The player races through levels collecting rings while rolling into a ball to attack enemies. The game also features special stages in which the player collects Chaos Emeralds and online leaderboards comparing level completion times and high scores.

<i>Sonic Free Riders</i> 2010 video game

Sonic Free Riders is a motion controlled racing video game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Xbox 360. The game requires the use of Microsoft's Kinect peripheral and was a Kinect launch title in November 2010.

<i>Team Sonic Racing</i> 2019 video game

Team Sonic Racing is a 2019 kart racing game developed by Sumo Digital and published by Sega. A spin-off of the Sonic the Hedgehog series, it was released for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One in May 2019. A simplified version for iOS developed by Hardlight, Sonic Racing, was released via Apple Arcade in September 2019. The game was later released on Amazon Luna in March 2021.

Music of <i>Sonic the Hedgehog</i> Music composed for video game franchise

Sonic the Hedgehog is a Japanese video game series and media franchise created and owned by Sega. The franchise began in 1991 with Sonic the Hedgehog, a side-scrolling platform game, and has expanded to include printed media, animations, feature films, and merchandise. The music of Sonic the Hedgehog has been provided by a number of composers, ranging from Sega sound staff to independent contractors and popular bands. It covers a wide array of genres, including pop, funk, rock, metal, ska, hip hop, R&B, jazz, house, dance, breakbeat, drum and bass, techno, ambient, orchestral, and lo-fi.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Herman, Tamar (September 10, 2019). "Jun Senoue on Creating Music for 'Team Sonic Racing' and the Future of Video Gaming Music" . Billboard . Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  2. ↑ "Style Factory interview with Jun Senoue". junsenoue.com. Jun Senoue. May 13, 2004. Archived from the original on January 3, 2008. Retrieved January 27, 2008.
  3. 1 2 3 McNiece, Andrew (February 7, 2004). "MelodicRock.com interview with Jun Senoue". junsenoue.com. Jun Senoue. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved January 13, 2008.
  4. 1 2 3 Williamson, Colin (March 13, 2000). "Sega Rocks with Rubbin' Racing". IGN . Archived from the original on April 28, 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2020.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Aitchison, Sean (January 10, 2020). "Sonic Youth: The History and Impact of Crush 40". Fanbyte. Archived from the original on April 26, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Shea, Brian (August 21, 2021). "Crush 40 Guitarist Jun Senoue Talks The Band's Creation And The Evolution Of Sonic Music". GameInformer . Archived from the original on March 21, 2022. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Gill, Parminder (April 10, 2005). "Crush 40 History". junsenoue.com. Jun Senoue. Archived from the original on January 30, 2008. Retrieved January 7, 2008.
  8. 1 2 3 "JVC Music/Victor Album Information: Thrill of the Feel" (in Japanese). jvcmusic.co.jp. Archived from the original on October 9, 2008. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  9. 1 2 "2 Nights 2 Remember! "Crush 40-Live In Tokyo 2014" report showing two new songs". Inside Games Japan (in Japanese). IID, Inc. April 7, 2014. Archived from the original on July 2, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  10. 1 2 3 McDonald, Andy (June 23, 2016). "How Sonic the Hedgehog Kept Glam Rock Alive After Its Grungy Demise". Vice . Archived from the original on January 22, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Greening, Chris (August 1, 2012). "Crush 40 - Review". Video Game Music Online. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
  12. ↑ Gill, Parminder (February 27, 2004). "Frequently Asked Questions to Jun Senoue". junsenoue.com. Jun Senoue. Archived from the original on February 5, 2008. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Swiss (July 24, 2012). "Summer of Sonic 2012: Crush 40 Interview". Sonic Stadium. Archived from the original on March 5, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
  14. 1 2 The Best of Crush 40: Super Sonic Songs booklet. Wave Master. 2009.
  15. ↑ Tuff, Adam (February 23, 2010). "The Jun Senoue Interview: Part One". Sonic Stadium. Archived from the original on July 25, 2015. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  16. ↑ "Exclusive interview! The secret story of the ending song of "Baseball Tsuku 2"". Famitsu (in Japanese). June 21, 2009. Archived from the original on July 26, 2015. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
  17. 1 2 "The Best of Crush 40 - Super Sonic Songs". wave-master.com. Wave Master. Archived from the original on February 28, 2016. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  18. ↑ "Leaving the End Open - Credits". AllMusic . Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  19. 1 2 Gallagher, Mathew (June 7, 2018). "Jun Senoue lead composer on Sonic Team Racing". Video Game Music Online. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  20. 1 2 "Johnny Gioeli Re-Records Crush 40's "Song of Hope" with Bulgarian Vocalist Sevi; Video Available". BraveWords. May 9, 2020. Archived from the original on November 21, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  21. 1 2 "Rise Again". wave-master.com. Wave Master. Archived from the original on June 8, 2015. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  22. ↑ "This is the Crush 40 Live! Photo report of the live performance of Mr. Jun Senoue, who works on the "Sonic" series!". Inside Games Japan (in Japanese). IID, Inc. April 1, 2012. Archived from the original on January 6, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
  23. ↑ Live! booklet. Wave Master. 2012.
  24. 1 2 "Crush 40 Live!". wave-master.com (in Japanese). Wave Master. Archived from the original on October 26, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  25. ↑ Newmark, Judith (August 9, 2013). "Best Bets". St. Louis Post-Dispatch . p. G4. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2014– via LexisNexis. Closed Access logo transparent.svg (Subscription required.)
  26. ↑ Jones, Matthew (August 9, 2016). "One Glorious Day at London's Summer of Sonic Convention". Vice . Archived from the original on May 5, 2022. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  27. ↑ Kyanko (February 7, 2014). "A must-see for hard rock fans! "Sonic the Hedgehog" Crush40, a band led by Jun Senoue, holds LIVE". Inside Games Japan (in Japanese). IID, Inc. Archived from the original on July 2, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  28. 1 2 Greening, Chris (May 13, 2015). "Crush 40 releases new album featuring new originals and live recordings". VGM Online. Archived from the original on June 21, 2017. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
  29. 1 2 3 4 Wong, Alistair (December 28, 2018). "Team Sonic Racing Theme Song 'Green Light Ride' Short Ver. Now Available". Siliconera . Archived from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  30. ↑ "「チームソニックレーシング」メインテーマ曲がiTunesとAmazonで先行配信開始". 4gamer.net (in Japanese). December 27, 2018. Archived from the original on December 28, 2018. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  31. ↑ Shepard, Kenneth (June 25, 2021). "I'm Still Crying About the Sonic Symphony Concert Days Later". Fanbyte. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  32. ↑ Shepard, Kenneth (February 7, 2024). "Sonic 3 Movie Is Bringing Back An All-Time Sonic Adventure 2 Banger". Kotaku . Retrieved April 18, 2024.
  33. ↑ Frank, Allegra; Kollar, Philip (July 5, 2016). "The Sonic series' high point is not a game". Polygon . Vox Media. Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  34. ↑ Tuff, Adam (August 14, 2006). "Q&A with Jun Senoue Part 1". junsenoue.com. Jun Senoue. Archived from the original on February 23, 2007. Retrieved August 14, 2006.
  35. ↑ Turner, Kofi-Charu Nat (2008). Multimodal Media Production in the Development of Multiliteracies (Ph.D. diss.). University of California, Berkeley. p. 61. ProQuest   304697401. Archived from the original on April 25, 2019. Retrieved May 16, 2014– via ProQuest. Closed Access logo transparent.svg (Subscription required.)
  36. ↑ Driving Through Forever booklet. Wave Master. 2019.
  37. ↑ Sonic the Hedgehog Vocal Traxx: Several Wills booklet, pages 1-2. Wave Master. 2006.
  38. ↑ "Super Smash Bros. Brawl Full Song List with Secret Songs". smashbros.com. Nintendo. Archived from the original on August 8, 2013. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  39. ↑ Face to Faith: Sonic and the Black Knight Vocal Trax booklet. Wave Master. 2009
  40. ↑ Sonic Free Riders Original Soundtrack - Break Free booklet. Wave Master. 2010.
  41. ↑ Hammond, Joe. "Game Music :: Sonic Generations Original Soundtrack -Blue Blur". Square Enix Music Online. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  42. ↑ Bandai Namco Studios, Sora Ltd. (September 13, 2014). Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS . Nintendo.
  43. ↑ Bandai Namco Studios, Sora Ltd. (November 21, 2014). Super Smash Bros. for Wii U . Nintendo.
  44. ↑ Green, Jake (April 17, 2019). "Super Smash Bros Ultimate Music List - Every Song in Super Smash Bros Ultimate, Full Soundtrack". USgamer . Archived from the original on January 15, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.