Cyanothamnus quadrangulus

Last updated

Narrow-leaved boronia
Boronia anethifolia leaves and flowers.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Cyanothamnus
Species:
C. quadrangulus
Binomial name
Cyanothamnus quadrangulus
Duretto & Heslewood [1]
Boronia anethifoliaDistMap9.png
Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium

Cyanothamnus quadrangulus, commonly known as narrow-leaved boronia, [2] is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with four-angled branches, bipinnate leaves and white, sometimes pale pink, four-petalled flowers.

Contents

Habit in the Gibraltar Range National Park Boronia anethifolia habit.jpg
Habit in the Gibraltar Range National Park

Description

Cyanothamnus quadrangulus is an erect shrub that grows to a height of 0.3–1 m (1–3 ft) with four-angled, glabrous stems with prominent leaf scars. The leaves are bipinnate, 20–40 mm (0.79–1.6 in) long and 15–40 mm (0.59–1.6 in) wide in outline and have a petiole 6–15 mm (0.24–0.59 in) long. The leaves have between five and eleven glabrous, linear to narrow elliptic leaflets. The end leaflet is 3–14 mm (0.1–0.6 in) long and 0.5–2 mm (0.02–0.08 in) wide, the others usually slightly longer. The flowers are white, sometimes pale pink and are arranged in leaf axils, mainly in groups of between three and fourteen or more. The groups are borne on a peduncle 2–6 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long. The four sepals are triangular to broadly egg-shaped, about 1 mm (0.04 in) long and wide. The four petals are 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long with their bases overlapping. The eight stamens have hairy edges. Flowering occurs from April to October and the fruit are glabrous, 2.5–4 mm (0.098–0.16 in) long and about 2 mm (0.079 in) wide. [2] [3]

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1863 by Stephan Endlicher from an unpublished manuscript by Allan Cunningham and was given the name Boronia anethifolia. Endlicher's description was published in Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiae ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus Liber Baro de Hügel . [4]

In a 2013 paper in the journal Taxon , Marco Duretto and others moved this species to the genus Cyanothamnus on the basis of cladistic analysis, but because the name Cyanothamnus anethifolia had already been used for a different taxon (Cyanothamnus anethifoliusBartl.) the name Cyanothamnus quadrangulus was used. [5] The specific epithet (anethifolia) referred to the deeply divided leaves with narrow leaflets which resemble those of dill (Anethum) in the family Apiaceae [2] and the new epithet (quadrangulus) means "four-angled" and refers to the four-sided stems of this species. [5]

Distribution and habitat

This boronia grows in heath and forest and in rocky slopes and ridges between the Border Ranges in Queensland and Wadbilliga Mountain in southern New South Wales. [2] [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Boronia muelleri</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia muelleri, commonly known as the forest boronia or pink boronia, is a flowering plant that occurs in forest, woodland and heath in Victoria and New South Wales in Australia. It is an erect, woody shrub or small tree with pinnate leaves and up to fifteen pink to white four-petalled flowers arranged in leaf axils in spring and summer.

<i>Cyanothamnus anemonifolius</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus anemonifolius, commonly known as narrow-leaved boronia or sticky boronia, is a flowering plant that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub with mostly pinnate leaves, with white to pale pink four-petalled flowers in leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus nanus</i> Species of plant

Cyanothamnus nanus, commonly known as the dwarf boronia or small boronia is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a prostrate or low spreading shrub with simple or three-part leaves and white or pale pink four-petalled flowers.

<i>Cyanothamnus bipinnatus</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus bipinnatus, commonly known as rock boronia, is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is an erect shrub with bipinnate or tripinnate leaves and white, four-petalled flowers. A more widespread species previously known as Boronia pinnata and also occurring in New South Wales is now considered to be B. occidentalis.

<i>Boronia falcifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia falcifolia, commonly known as the wallum boronia, is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to near-coastal areas of eastern Australia. It is a shrub with only a few stems, usually three-part leaves and bright pink, four-petalled flowers.

<i>Boronia filifolia</i> Species of plant

Boronia filifolia, commonly known as the slender boronia, is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a slender shrub with simple or pinnate leaves and pale to deep pink four-petalled flowers.

<i>Cyanothamnus occidentalis</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus occidentalis, commonly known as the rock boronia, is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect, woody shrub with pinnate or bipinnate leaves and groups of up to three white to pale pink, pink four-petalled flowers arranged in leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus rigens</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus rigenss, commonly known as the stiff boronia, is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales in Australia. It is a low, compact shrub with mostly trifoliate, glandular leaves and white to pale pink, four-petalled flowers in the leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus bussellianus</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus bussellianus is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a slender perennial herb or shrub with well-spaced, simple leaves and pink, blue or white, four-petalled flowers.

<i>Cyanothamnus fabianoides</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus fabianoides is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a compact shrub with many branches, simple, more or less cylindrical leaves and single white, pink or pale blue four-petalled flowers in the leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus inconspicuus</i> Species of plant

Cyanothamnus inconspicuus is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnate leaves and small white or creamy green flowers with four petals and eight stamens and occurs from the Stirling Range to Mount Ragged.

<i>Cyanothamnus inflexus</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus inflexus is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to tablelands near the New South Wales - Queensland border in Australia. It is an erect, woody shrub with pinnate leaves and up to seven white to pink four-petalled flowers in the leaf axils. Boronia bipinnata is similar but has larger, bipinnate or tripinnate leaves and smaller sepals and petals.

Cyanothamnus montimulliganensis is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to a single mountain in Queensland. It is an erect, woody shrub with pinnate or bipinnate leaves and white, four-petalled flowers usually arranged singly in leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus polygalifolius</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus polygalifolius, commonly known as dwarf boronia, milkwort-leaved boronia or milkwort boronia, is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a low-lying shrub with simple leaves and white or pink flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to three in leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus ramosus</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus ramosus is a species of plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect, mostly glabrous shrub with pinnate leaves with up to seven leaflets, and white, four-petalled flowers with blue or pale green backs.

<i>Boronia rubiginosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia rubiginosa is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to New South Wales in Australia. It is a shrub with pinnate leaves that are paler on the lower surface, and up to three pale to bright pink, four-petalled flowers in the leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus tenuis</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus tenuis, commonly known as blue boronia, is a species of plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae, and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a slender shrub with thread-like, sessile leaves, and flowers with four petals that are white to pink on the front and pale blue on the back.

<i>Cyanothamnus warangensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus warangensis is a species of erect, woody shrub that is endemic to Queensland. It has bipinnate leaves and groups of between five and twenty-five or more white flowers in leaf axils.

<i>Cyanothamnus westringioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyanothamnus westringioides is a species of erect shrub that is endemic to a small area in the southwest of Western Australia. It has simple, narrow, sessile leaves and pale pink flowers arranged singly in leaf axils.

Cyanothamnus yarrowmerensis is a species of erect, woody shrub that is endemic to Queensland. It has pinnate or bipinnate leaves and groups of up to seven flowers with white petals in leaf axils.

References

  1. "Cyanothamnus quadrangulus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Duretto, Marco F. (1999). "Notes on Boronia (Rutaceae) in eastern and northern Australia". Muelleria. 17: 26–29. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  3. 1 2 Weston, Peter H.; Duretto, Marco F. "Boronia anethifolia". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  4. "Boronia anethifolia". APNI. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  5. 1 2 Duretto, Marco F.; Heslewood, Margaret M.; Bayly, Michael J. (2020). "Boronia (Rutaceae) is polyphyletic: Reinstating Cyanothamnus and the problems associated with inappropriately defined outgroups". Taxon. 69 (3): 481–499. doi:10.1002/tax.12242.