The family Dipluridae, known as curtain-web spiders are a group of spiders in the infraorder Mygalomorphae, that have two pairs of booklungs, and chelicerae (fangs) that move up and down in a stabbing motion. A number of genera, including that of the Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax), used to be classified in this family but have now been moved to Hexathelidae.
Philodromidae, also known as philodromid crab spiders and running crab spiders, is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell in 1870. It contains over 500 species in thirty genera.
Grammostola is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or orangish-red hairs. The very docile Chilean rose tarantulas are popular as a beginner's spider among tarantula enthusiasts.
Tullgrenella is a genus of South American jumping spiders that was first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1941. It is named after Swedish arachnologist Albert Tullgren, and is a senior synonym of Akeloides.
Nemesiidae, also known as funnel-web trapdoor spiders, is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, and raised to family status in 1985. Before becoming its own family, it was considered part of "Dipluridae".
Aphantochilus is a genus of ant-mimicking crab spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1871. As of June 2020 it contains three species, found in Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, and Panama: A. cambridgei, A. inermipes, and A. rogersi. It is a senior synonym of Cryptoceroides.
Senoculus is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Senoculidae, and was first described by Władysław Taczanowski in 1872. It is the only genus in the family Senoculidae.
Cyriocosmus is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1903. They are small to medium spiders, with a bicolored or one same color carapace.
Idiops is a genus of armored trapdoor spiders that was first described by Josef Anton Maximilian Perty in 1833. It is the type genus of the spurred trapdoor spiders, Idiopidae. Idiops is also the most species-rich genus of the family, and is found at widely separated locations in the Neotropics, Afrotropics, Indomalaya and the Middle East. Females live in tubular burrows lined with a thick layer of white silk. These typically have a D-shaped lid that fits into the entrance like a cork, and some burrows have two entrances. The lid may consist of mud, moss or lichen, which is bound below by a thick layer of silk. As in all genera of this family, the anterior lateral eyes (ALE) are situated near the clypeal margin, far in front of the remaining six eyes, which are arranged in a tight group. The males which are smaller in size, wander about or occasionally live in burrows. Like other mygalomorphs, they are relatively large and long-lived. Forest clearance and agricultural practices that loosen the soil and enhance erosion, besides soil removal for brick making have been pointed out as serious threats to some Indian species. Species ranges are poorly known – in India for instance, most species are known only from their type localities.
Cyclosternum is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871.
Acanthogonatus is a genus of South American mygalomorph spiders in the family Pycnothelidae. It was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1880. Originally placed with the brushed trapdoor spiders, it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Pycnothelidae in 2020.
Eupalaestrus is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1901.
Attacobius is a genus of South American corinnid sac spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1925.
Trechona is a genus of South American curtain web spiders that was first described by C. L. Koch in 1850. The venom of at least one species is considered potentially dangerous to humans.
Homoeomma is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of Calopelma, Butantania, and of Cyclothoracoides. These tarantulas are usually quite small and usually burrow a few centimeters under a rock or log.
Pycnothele is a genus of South American mygalomorph spiders in the family Pycnothelidae. First described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin in 1917, it was moved to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, but moved back to Pycnothelidae in 2020. It is a senior synonym of Agersborgia and Androthelopsis.
Polybetes is a genus of South American huntsman spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1897. It is a senior synonym of Leptosparassus and Streptaedoea.
Eilica is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1891.
Rhomphaea is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Ludwig Carl Christian Koch in 1872.
