| Harmonicon | |
|---|---|
 | |
| H. cerberus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Dipluridae |
| Genus: | Harmonicon F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 [1] |
| Type species | |
| H. rufescens F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 | |
| Species | |
4, see text | |
Harmonicon is a genus of South American curtain web spiders that was first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1896. [2]
As of May 2019 [update] it contains four species: [1]
The family Dipluridae, known as curtain-web spiders are a group of spiders in the infraorder Mygalomorphae, that have two pairs of booklungs, and chelicerae (fangs) that move up and down in a stabbing motion. A number of genera, including that of the Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax), used to be classified in this family but have now been moved to Atracidae.
Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name of the group. Araneids have eight similar eyes, hairy or spiny legs, and no stridulating organs.
Corythalia is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1850. The genus is distributed throughout most of the Western Hemisphere. Species of this genus are found in The Americas.
Freya is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1850. The name is derived from Freya, the fertility goddess of Norse mythology.
Lyssomanes is a spider genus of the family Salticidae, ranging from South and Central America, up to the southern United States.
Pachomius is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1896. Uspachia was merged into genus Romitia in 2007, and all nine species were merged into Pachomius in 2015. The name is derived from Pachomius, the founder of cenobitic monasticism.
Phiale is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1846. P. albovittata has been considered a junior synonym of Freya perelegans since 2006.
Micrathena, known as spiny orbweavers, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Micrathena contains more than a hundred species, most of them Neotropical woodland-dwelling species. The name is derived from the Greek "micro", meaning "small", and the goddess Athena.
Diplura is a genus of South American curtain web spiders that was first described by C. L. Koch in 1850. It is found in South America and Cuba belonging to the subfamily Diplurinae.
Tetragnatha is a genus of long-jawed orb-weavers found all over the world. It was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804, and it contains hundreds of species. Most occur in the tropics and subtropics, and many can run over water. They are commonly called stretch spiders in reference to their elongated body form and their ability to hide on blades of grass or similar elongated substrates by stretching their front legs forward and the others behind them. The name Tetragnatha is derived from Greek, tetra- a numerical prefix referring to four and gnatha meaning jaw. Evolution to cursorial behavior occurred long ago in a few different species, the most studied being those found on the Hawaiian islands. One of the biggest and most common species is T. extensa, which has a holarctic distribution. It can be found near lakes, river banks or swamps. Large numbers of individuals can often be found in reeds, tall grass, and around minor trees and shrubs.
Acanthoscurria theraphosoides is a species of spider from the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas), found in Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and French Guiana.
Senoculus is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Senoculidae, and was first described by Władysław Taczanowski in 1872. It is the only genus in the family Senoculidae.
The skeleton tarantula, Ephebopus murinus, is a species of spider belonging to the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas), sub-family Aviculariinae. A New World species, it is native to several South American countries. Its common name is derived from the skeleton-like markings on its legs.
Corinna is a genus of corinnid sac spiders first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1841. They are found in Mexico and south to Brazil, and with selected species found in Africa.
Abapeba is a genus of Central and South American corinnid sac spiders first described by A. B. Bonaldo in 2000.
Trechona is a genus of South American curtain web spiders that was first described by C. L. Koch in 1850. The venom of at least one species is considered potentially dangerous to humans.
Ochyrocera is a genus of midget ground weavers that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892.
Epicadinus is a genus of crab spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895.
Alpaida is a genus of South American orb-weaver spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1889.
Harpathele is a genus of curtain-web spiders that was first described by Gabriel Wermelinger-Moreira, Denis Rafael Pedroso, Pedro de Souza Castanheira, and Renner Luiz Cerquiera Baptista in 2024. It is known only from the Southeast region of Brazil.
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