Dolabella auricularia

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Dolabella auricularia
Sea hare DSC01663.jpg
Dolabella auricularia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Clade: Euopisthobranchia
Clade: Anaspidea
Superfamily: Aplysioidea
Family: Aplysiidae
Genus: Dolabella
Species:
D. auricularia
Binomial name
Dolabella auricularia
(Lightfoot, 1786)

Dolabella auricularia, also known as the wedge sea hare, is a species of large sea slug, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares.

Contents

Description

Dolabella auricularia 01.jpg

Dolabella auricularia is a rather large species which can reach a length of 40 centimetres (16 in). It can be recognized by a flattened disk on the posterior surface of the animal. This species can be found with soft pustules, leading to a rather knob-like appearance. [1] It has a short, blunt head. Its body is covered with tubercles and skin flaps. The vestigial, internal shell has a typical ear-like form. Like all sea hares, it ejects a purple ink when disturbed.

Distribution

Dolabella auricularia can be found in the Indian Ocean and the western and NW Pacific. It is also present in the Philippines. [2]

Habitat

This sea hare lives in areas that are sheltered from rough currents. They will often hide in seagrass, sand and mud, feeding on algae. Intertidal rock pools are also a favoured place to live. [3]

Human uses

Dolabella auricularia is sometimes used by the keepers of large marine aquaria to limit algal growth in the tank. In the Philippines the eggs of the Sea Hare are eaten as a delicacy. This delicacy is called in the Philippines Lukot or Lokot. [4] [5]

The anti-cancer agent monomethyl auristatin E is derived from peptides found in D. auricularia. [6] In Samoa it is called Gau (pronounced gnau). It is a favorite food for old people, cooked with coconut cream. It's innards are eaten raw. It's eggs are called ape and also eaten.

Related Research Articles

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Nudibranchs belong to the order Nudibranchia, a group of soft-bodied marine gastropod molluscs that shed their shells after their larval stage. They are noted for their often extraordinary colours and striking forms, and they have been given colourful nicknames to match, such as "clown", "marigold", "splendid", "dancer", "dragon", and "sea rabbit". Currently, about 3,000 valid species of nudibranchs are known.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">California sea hare</span> Species of gastropod

The California sea hare is a species of sea slug in the sea hare family, Aplysiidae. It is found in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of California in the United States and northwestern Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anaspidea</span> Clade of gastropods

The clade Anaspidea, commonly known as sea hares, are medium-sized to very large opisthobranch gastropod molluscs with a soft internal shell made of protein. These are marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamilies Aplysioidea and Akeroidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sea slug</span> Group of marine gastropods

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opisthobranchia</span> Informal group of gastropods

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aplysiidae</span> Family of gastropods

Aplysiidae is the only family in the superfamily Aplysioidea, within the clade Anaspidea. These animals are commonly called sea hares because, unlike most sea slugs, they are often quite large, and when they are underwater, their rounded body shape and the long rhinophores on their heads mean that their overall shape resembles that of a sitting rabbit or hare. Sea hares are however sea snails with shells reduced to a small plate hidden between the parapodia, and some species are extremely large. The Californian black sea hare, Aplysia vaccaria is arguably the largest living gastropod species, and is certainly the largest living heterobranch gastropod.

<i>Bursatella leachii</i> Species of gastropod

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<i>Dolabella</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Dolabella is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares.

<i>Syphonota geographica</i> Species of gastropod

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<i>Aplysia fasciata</i> Species of gastropod

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<i>Aplysia dactylomela</i> Species of gastropod

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<i>Aplysia extraordinaria</i> Species of gastropod

Aplysia extraordinaria, common name the "extraordinary sea hare", is a very large species of sea slug, more specifically a sea hare, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Its distribution includes the coast off of eastern Australia, northern New Zealand, and possibly a wider range.

<i>Aplysia punctata</i> Species of gastropod

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<i>Phyllaplysia taylori</i> Species of gastropod

Phyllaplysia taylori, synonym Phyllaplysia zostericola, common names the "eelgrass sea hare" and "Taylor's sea hare", is a species of sea slug, specifically a sea hare, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares.

<i>Aplysia vaccaria</i> Species of gastropod

Aplysia vaccaria, also known as the black sea hare and California black sea hare, is a species of extremely large sea slug, a marine, opisthobranch, gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae. It is the largest sea slug species.

<i>Aplysia depilans</i> Species of gastropod

Aplysia depilans, the depilatory sea hare, is a species of sea hare or sea slug, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae. Its name has led to a folk etymology that its consumption caused hair loss.

Aplysia morio, the Atlantic black sea hare or sooty sea hare, is a species of sea slug, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. It lives in warm waters in the Caribbean Sea and off the south and southeastern coast of the United States, where it feeds on seaweed.

<i>Aplysia gigantea</i> Species of mollusc in the family Aplysiidae

Aplysia gigantea is a species of sea slug, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae. The species was first described in the Journal of the Malacological Society of Australia in 1869. A. gigantea is also known more commonly as the sea hare due to their posterior chemosensory tentacles resembling a hare's ear. A. gigantea is the largest known species in Australia of the opisthobranch genus. The species is known to have toxic effects on terrestrial organisms, particularly domestic dogs. Exposure to this species with dogs has been associated with the development of neurotoxicosis, with symptoms ranging from respiratory distress to tremors, muscle fasciculations, and seizures.

References

  1. "Okinawan Opisthobranch of the Week". Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  2. Pauly, D.; Calumpong, H. (1984). "Growth, reproduction and mortality of the sea hare Dolabella auricularia (Gastropoda: Aplysiidae) in the Central Visayas, Philippines". Marine Biology. 79 (3): 289–293. doi:10.1007/BF00393260. S2CID   14658363.
  3. Rudman, W.B., 1999 (April 1) Dolabella auricularia (Lightfoot, 1786). [In] Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney.
  4. "2. Lukot". Top 10 Philippine Bizzare Delicacy. 6 June 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  5. "Lukot / Sea Hare Secretions". Market Manila. 28 April 2008. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  6. Dosio, F.; Brusa, P.; Cattel, L. (2011). "Immunotoxins and Anticancer Drug Conjugate Assemblies: The Role of the Linkage between Components". Toxins. 3 (12): 848–83. doi: 10.3390/toxins3070848 . PMC   3202854 . PMID   22069744.