Drepanacra binocula

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Drepanacra binocula
Drepanacra binocula (Newman, 1838) (AM AMNZ75546-1).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Neuroptera
Family: Hemerobiidae
Genus: Drepanacra
Species:
D. binocula
Binomial name
Drepanacra binocula
(Newman, 1838)
Synonyms
  • Drepanacra binocula var. suboculata Tillyard, 1923 [1]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. excisaTillyard, 1923 [1]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. divisaTillyard, 1923 [1]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. bilineataTillyard, 1923 [1]
  • Drepanacra binoculaTillyard, 1917 [2]
  • Drepanacra norfolkensisTillyard, 1917 [2]
  • Drepanacra instabilisTillyard, 1917 [2]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. rubrinervisTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. pallidaTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. tasmanicaTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra binocula var. longitudinalisTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra froggattiTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra hardyiTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra instabilis var. rubrinervisTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra instabilis var. pallidaTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra humilis var. longitudinalisTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanacra humilis var. tasmanicaTillyard, 1916 [3]
  • Drepanepteryx maoriHare, [1910] [4]
  • Drepanacra humilior(Hare, [1910]) [4]
  • Drepanepteryx humiliorHare, [1910] [4]
  • Megalomus lanceolatusGerstaecker, [1885] [5]
  • Drepanepteryx instabilisMcLachlan, 1863 [6]
  • Drepanacra instabilis var. instabilis(McLachlan, 1863) [6]
  • Drepanacra humilis var. humilis(McLachlan, 1863) [6]
  • Drepanacra instabilis(McLachlan, 1863) [6]
  • Drepanacra humilis(McLachlan, 1863) [6]
  • Drepanepteryx humilisMcLachlan, 1863 [6]
  • Hemerobius binoculus(Newman, 1838) [7]
    Drepanepteryx binocula Newman, 1838 [7]

Drepanacra binocula, known as the Australian variable lacewing, is a species of brown lacewing in the family Hemerobiidae, [8] [9] found across Australia and New Zealand, including Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and the Kermadec Islands. [10]

Contents

Description

Australian variable lacewings are typically found in colonies of the insects they prey on. [11] It has been seen feeding on a variety of hosts, including Psyllidae, spruce aphids, pine aphids, whiteflies, Eriosoma lanigerum and Trioza vitreoradiata. [12] [11] Drepanacra binocula can be identified by the distinctive shape and brown colour of its wings. [11]

The species has been established in New Zealand since at least 1930. [12] Drepanacra binocula is host to a parasitic wasp, the Lacewing Parasitoid Wasp Anacharis zealandica . [11]

Life Stages

The early stages of D. binocula are egg, larva, and pupa before they emerge as adults. The eggs are pale grey when laid but darken to grey/brown before hatching. As they hatch, they use a blade-like bodily structure called an oviruptor to pierce the egg. After hatching, they go through three larval stages until they enter a cocoon where they mature until they reach adulthood. [13]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Tillyard, R. J. (1923) Descriptions of new species and varieties of lacewings (Order Neuroptera Planipennia) from New Zealand, belonging to the families Berothidae and Hemerobiidae., Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, Wellington [=Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand] 54:217-225.
  2. 1 2 3 Tillyard, R. J. (1917) Odonata, Planipennia, and Trichoptera from Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands., Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 42:529-544.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tillyard, R. J. (1916) Studies in Australian Neuroptera. No. iv. The families Ithonidae, Hemerobiidae, Sisyridae, Berothidae, and the new family Trichomatidae; with a discussion of their characters and relationships, and descriptions of new and little-known genera and species., Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 41:269-332.
  4. 1 2 3 Hare, E. J. (1909) Some additions to the Perlidae, Neuroptera-Planipennia, and Trichoptera of New Zealand., Transactions of the [Royal] New Zealand Institute 42:29-33.
  5. ↑ Gerstaecker, [C. E.] A. (1884) Zwei fernere decaden Australischer Neuroptera Megaloptera., Mitt[h]eilungen aus dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein für Neu-Vorpommern und Rugen 16:84-116.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 McLachlan, R. (1863) On some new species of neuropterous insects from Australia and New Zealand, belonging to the family Hemerobiidae., Journal of Entomology: descriptive and geographical 2:111-116.
  7. 1 2 Newman, E. (1838) Entomological Notes., Entomological Magazine, London 5:168–181, 372–402, 483–500.
  8. ↑ Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 24 September 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ LDL Neuropterida Species of the World. Oswald J.D., 2007-09-25
  10. ↑ Wise, K. A. J. (1991). "Distribution and Zoogeography of New Zealand Megaloptera and Neuroptera". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum . 28: 211–227. ISSN   0067-0464. JSTOR   42906418. OCLC   9987205282. Wikidata   Q58677416.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Martin, N A (2018). "Factsheet: Australian variable lacewing - Drepanacra binocula". Landcare Research. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  12. 1 2 Wise, K. A. J. (1995). "Records Concerning Biological Control of Insect Pests by Neuropteroidea (Insecta) in New Zealand". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum . 32: 101–117. ISSN   0067-0464. JSTOR   42906455. OCLC   947969039. Wikidata   Q58677493.
  13. ↑ New, T. R. (1975). "THE IMMATURE STAGES OF DREPANACRA BINOCULA (NEUROPTERA: HEMEROBIIDAE), WITH NOTES ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE GENUS". Australian Journal of Entomology. 14 (3): 247–250. doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1975.tb02035.x. ISSN   1326-6756.


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