East Barito languages

Last updated
East Barito
Geographic
distribution		 Indonesia (south Borneo)
Madagascar
Linguistic classification Austronesian
Glottolog east2713

The East Barito languages are a group of a dozen Dayak (Austronesian) languages of Borneo, Indonesia, and most notably Malagasy, the national language of Madagascar. They are named after the Barito River located in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

The languages are,

Several of the languages are named 'Dusun' because they are spoken by the Dusun people; they are not to be confused with the Dusunic languages, which are also spoken by the Dusun but belong to a different branch of Malayo-Polynesian.

The most described East Barito language is Malagasy, which is also the best known language of the Barito group. [1] South East Borneo is considered to be the original homeland of Malagasy. [2] [3] Malagasy is thought to have been brought to the East Africa region by Austronesian-speaking migrants between the 7th and 13th centuries. [4] [5] Some linguistic evidence suggests that a distinct Malagasy language variety had already emerged in Borneo before the early Malagasy migrants reached Madagascar. [6] [7]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malayo-Sumbawan languages</span> Proposed subgroup of the Austronesian language family

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ma'anyan people</span> Ethnic group in Indonesia

Ma'anyan, Dayak Maanyan or Eastern Barito Dayak people are an ethnic group of the Dayak people indigenous to Borneo. They are also considered as part of the east Barito Dusun group with the name Dusun Ma'anyan. According to J. Mallinckrodt (1927), the Dusun people group is part of the Ot Danum people cluster, although later that theory was disproved by A. B. Hudson (1967), who argues that the Ma'anyan people are a branch of the Barito family. The Ma'anyan people who are often referred to as Dayak people are also referred to as Dayak Ma'anyan. The Dayak Ma'anyan people inhabit the east side of Central Kalimantan, especially in the East Barito Regency and parts of South Barito Regency which are grouped as Ma'anyan I. The Dayak Ma'anyan people also inhabit the northern parts of South Kalimantan, especially in Tabalong Regency which refers to the Dayak Warukin people. The Dayak Balangan people or Dusun Balangan people which are found in the Balangan Regency and the Dayak Samihim people that are found in the Kotabaru Regency are grouped together with the Dayak Ma'anyan people group. The Dayak Ma'anyan people in South Kalimantan are grouped as Ma'anyan II.

Maanyan or Maʼanyan is an Austronesian language belonging to the East Barito languages. It is spoken by about 150,000 Ma'anyan people living in the province of Central Kalimantan and South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is most closely related to the Malagasy language spoken in Madagascar, although these languages are not mutually intelligible due to great geographical distances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indonesia–Madagascar relations</span> Bilateral relations

Indonesia–Madagascar relations spans for over a millennium, since the ancestors of the people of Madagascar sailed across the Indian Ocean from the Nusantara Archipelago back in 8th or 9th century AD. Indonesia has an embassy in Antananarivo, while Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Indonesia. It was announced in December 2017 that Madagascar would be opening an embassy in Jakarta in 2018, however, the embassy was never opened.

Bacan Malay or Bacan is a Malayic language spoken on the island of Bacan in North Maluku province, Indonesia, by the minor Bacan ethnic group. It is an anomalous presence in the region, being surrounded by genetically distant Austronesian languages and languages of the unrelated North Halmahera family. Bacan is geographically removed from the Malay heartlands in the western archipelago.

References

  1. ↑ Smith (2018), p. 15.
  2. ↑ Adelaar (2006a), p. 205.
  3. ↑ Adelaar (2017), p. 441–442.
  4. ↑ Adelaar (1995), p. 328.
  5. ↑ Adelaar (2006b), p. 84.
  6. ↑ Adelaar (2016), p. 71–76.
  7. ↑ Adelaar (2017).

Bibliography

  • Blust, Robert (2005). "The Linguistic Macrohistory of the Philippines: Some Speculations". In Liao, Hsiu-chuan; Rubino, Carl R. Galvez (eds.). Current Issues in Philippine Linguistics and Anthropology: Parangal Kay Lawrence A. Reid. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines. pp. 31–68. ISBN   971-780-022-7. OCLC   71352409 . Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  • Adelaar, K. Alexander (1995). "Asian Roots of the Malagasy: A Linguistic Perspective". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia. 151 (3): 325–356. doi: 10.1163/22134379-90003036 . ISSN   0006-2294. JSTOR   27864676. OCLC   5672481889.
  • Adelaar, K. Alexander (2006a). "The Indonesian migrations to Madagascar: making sense of the multidisciplinary evidence". In Simanjuntak, Truman; Pojoh, Ingrid H.E.; Hisyam, Mohammad (eds.). Austronesian Diaspora and the Ethnogeneses of People in Indonesian Archipelago: Proceedings of the International Symposium. Jakarta: LIPI Press. pp. 205–232. ISBN   979-26-2436-8. OCLC   73745051 . Retrieved 10 April 2024.
  • Adelaar, K. Alexander (2006b). "Borneo as a Cross-Roads for Comparative Austronesian Linguistics". In Bellwood, Peter; Fox, James J.; Tryon, Darrell T. (eds.). The Austronesians: Historical and Comparative Perspectives. Canberra: ANU E Press. pp. 81–102. doi: 10.22459/A.09.2006.04 . ISBN   1-920942-85-8. JSTOR   j.ctt2jbjx1.7. OCLC   225298720.
  • Adelaar, K. Alexander (2016). "A Linguist's Perspective on the Settlement History of Madagascar". NUSA: Linguistic Studies of Languages in and Around Indonesia. 61: 69–88. doi:10.15026/89605. hdl:10108/89605. ISSN   0126-2874. OCLC   1005142867.
  • Adelaar, K. Alexander (2017). "Who Were the First Malagasy, and What Did They Speak?". In Acri, Andrea; Blench, Roger; Landmann, Alexandra (eds.). Spirits and Ships: Cultural Transfers in Early Monsoon Asia. Book collections on Project MUSE 28. Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. pp. 441–469. doi:10.1355/9789814762779-012. ISBN   978-981-4762-75-5. OCLC   1012757769.
  • Smith, Alexander D. (2018). "The Barito Linkage Hypothesis, with a Note on the Position of Basap". Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society. 11 (1): 13–34. hdl:10524/52418. ISSN   1836-6821. OCLC   7655616510.
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