Bushi language

Last updated
Kibosy
Shibushi, Kibushi
bushi-majungaبُوشِ-مَچُونْڠَ
Native to Mayotte
Native speakers
60,000 (2017) [1]
Latin
Arabic [2] [3]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 buc
Glottolog bush1250
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Bushi or Kibosy (Shibushi or Kibushi) is a dialect of Malagasy spoken in the Indian Ocean island of Mayotte. Malagasy dialects most closely related to Bushi are spoken in northwestern Madagascar in the area of Antsiranana (Diego-Suarez) and Mahajanga (Majunga), which is also the closest point in Madagascar to Mayotte. Kibosy and Majunga together are considered one of the Malagasy languages by Glottolog.

Contents

Geographical distribution

Bushi is known as Kibushi on Mayotte and is spoken by 40% of the island's people (1980). It is spoken alongside the Maore dialect (Shimaore), a Bantu language. Historically, Kibushi and Shimaore have been spoken in certain villages but Shimaore tends to be the de facto indigenous lingua franca in everyday life because of the larger Shimaore-speaking population. Only Shimaore is represented on the local television news program by Réseau Outre-Mer 1re. Dialects of Bushi in Mayotte (known as Shibushi in Shimaore) include Kiantalaotse and Kibushi-Kimaore (Shibushi-Shimaore in Shimaore).

Bushi is spoken along the west coast of the main island (Grande-Terre) including the villages of Bambo Est, M'Boueni, Passy-Kéli, Mronabeja, Kani-Kéli, Chirongui, Poroani, Ouangani, Chiconi, Sohoa, M'Tsangamouji, Acoua, Mtsangadoua, and Handrema.

Phonology

In Mayotte, Bushi was traditionally written with an informal French-based Latin orthography. On 22 February 2006, the Conseil de la culture, de l'éducation et de l'environnement de Mayotte introduced an official alphabet that utilizes the basic Latin alphabet without c, j, q, and x and uses three extra letters: ɓ, ɗ, and n̈. [4] Here, the letters used in the orthography are bolded, their IPA counterparts in brackets. On March 3, 2020, the Conseil départemental de Mayotte announced the adoption of official orthographies in both Latin and Arabic scripts for Kibushi. [3] [5]

Vowels

Bushi has five vowels.

FrontBack
Close i i u u
Close-mid e e o o
Open a a

Consonants

Bushi has 20 consonants.

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m m n n ŋ
Plosive voiceless p p t t k k
voiced b b d d ɡ g
implosive ɓ ɓ ɗ ɗ
Fricative voiceless f f s s h h
voiced v v z z
Approximant l l j y w w
Trill r r

Vocabulary

Number

Numbers in English and Shibushi
Number Flag of England.svg English Flag of Mayotte (local).svg Shibushi
1onearaiky
2twoaroy (or aroay)
3threetelo
4fourefatra
5fivedimy
6sixtchouta (or tsiota or tshouta)
7sevenfito
8eightvalo
9ninesivy
10tenfolo
11elevenfolo araiky amby (or ambin' ny)
12twelvefolo aro amby
13thirteenfolo telo amby
14fourteenfolo efatra amby
15fifteenfolo dimy amby
16sixteenfolo tchouta amby
17seventeenfolo fito amby
18eighteenfolo valo amby
19nineteenfolo sivy amby
20twentyaro polo
30thirtytelo polo
40fortyefa polo
50fiftydimy polo
60sixtytsiota polo
70seventyfito polo
80eightyvalo polo
90ninetysivy polo
100one hundredzato
101one hundred and onezato araiky
110one hundred and tenzato folo
111one hundred and elevenzato folo araiky amby
200two hundredaro zato (or aroan zato)
300three hundredtelon zato
400four hundredefan zato (tra disappears)
500five hundreddiman zato
600six hundredtsiotan zato
700seven hundredfiton zato
800eight hundredvalon zato
900nine hundredsivin zato
1,000one thousandarivo
2,000two thousandaroy arivo
3,000three thousandtelo arivo
4,000four thousandefatra arivo
5,000five thousanddimy arivo
10,000ten thousandAlina
100,000one hundred thousandhetsy
1,000,000one milliontapitrisa
1,000,000,000one billionmiliara

Standard Malagasy and Kibushi: A Vocabulary Comparison

Gloss Flag of Madagascar.svg Standard Malagasy Flag of Mayotte (local).svg Kibushi
1irayaraiky
2roaaroy (or aroay)
3telotelo
4efatraefatra
5dimydimy
6eninatchouta (or tsiota or tshouta)
7fitofito
8valovalo
9sivysivy
10folofolo
IIzaho/AhoZa
YouAnao/AnareoAno/Anareo
He/SheIzyIzy
WeIsikaAtsika
TheyZareoReo
AllRehetra/avyJiaby
AndSyNdreka
YetMbolaMbo
NotTsyTsy
TooKoaAka
TodayAndroanyNiany
WeekHerinandroHerignandra
In/InsideAnatyAnkaty
ThingZavatraRaha
FoodSakafo/AninaAgniny
ChildZazaTseky
WomanVehevavyViavy
ManLalahyLehilahy
Thank youMisaotraMarahaba
FranceFrantsaFarantsa
Your houseTranonareoTragnonareo
To listenMihainoMitandregny

See also

Notes

  1. Kibosy at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed Access logo transparent.svg
  2. “Le Conseil Départemental a Tranché, l’alphabet Des Langues Mahoraises Se Fera En Caractères Latins et Arabes.” Mayotte la 1ère, October 15, 2020. . (Archive)
  3. 1 2 https://cg976.fr/ressources/raa/2020/?file=bulletinofficiel_30032020 (Archive)
  4. Alphabet du Kibushi Archived July 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  5. https://cg976.fr/ressources/dcp/?file=alphabets-langues-mahoraises (Archive