Edmonton | |
---|---|
Area | |
• 1831 | 31,410 acres (127.1 km2) [2] |
Population | |
• 1831 | 26,930 |
• 1881 | 94,185 |
History | |
• Created | in antiquity |
• Abolished | no administrative or legal role after 1886, but never formally abolished. |
• Succeeded by | Edmonton Urban District Enfield Urban District East Barnet Urban District South Mimms Rural District Tottenham Urban District |
Status | hundred |
• HQ | see text |
Edmonton is one of six hundreds (obsolete subdivisions) of the historic county of Middlesex, England. A rotated L-shape, its area has been in the south and east firmly part of the urban growth of London. Since the 1965 formation of London boroughs (see Greater London) it mainly corresponds to the London Boroughs of Enfield, a negligible portion of Barnet and a narrow majority of Haringey. Its ancient parish of South Mimms (including the later civil parish of Potters Bar) has since 1965 been part of the Hertsmere district in Hertfordshire.
The hundred's name means 'farm/settlement of Eadhelm'. [3]
The hundred was listed in the Domesday Book in 1086, after which there were only very minor boundary changes. It was sometimes known as the Half Hundred of Mimms. [4]
It contained the parishes and settlements of Edmonton, Enfield, Monken Hadley, South Mimms and Tottenham. It bordered Ossulstone hundred to the south west, and had a boundary with Essex to the east. To the north then west it projected into Hertfordshire (containing South Mimms and Monken Hadley) which county had long borders with all of the parishes except for Tottenham. The eastern successors to the three easterly ecclesiastical parishes continue to adjoin Essex across the (River Lea) but due to urbanisation the three simple parishes have more Church of England parishes today.
The Hundred Moot appears to have originally been held near Potters Bar. By the seventeenth century the "mote plane" was in an open area of Enfield Chase. The court for the hundred eventually moved to a public house in Enfield prior to its abolition in 1846. [4]
In 1889, under the Local Government Act 1888, the area forming the small civil parish of Monken Hadley was transferred to Hertfordshire reflecting the growth of Barnet as a town.
The following is the population of the parishes in Edmonton Hundred as given at each ten-yearly census from 1801 - 1881: [5]
Parish | Area | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Edmonton | 7,483 acres (30.3 km2) | 5,093 | 6,824 | 7,900 | 8,192 | 9,027 | 9,708 | 10,930 | 13,860 | 23,463 |
Enfield | 12,653 acres (51.2 km2) | 5,881 | 6,636 | 8,227 | 8,812 | 9,367 | 9,453 | 12,424 | 16,054 | 19,104 |
Monken Hadley | 641 acres (2.6 km2) | 584 | 718 | 926 | 979 | 945 | 1,003 | 1,053 | 978 | 1,160 |
South Mimms | 6,386 acres (25.8 km2) | 1,698 | 1,628 | 1,906 | 2,010 | 2,760 | 2,825 | 3,238 | 3,571 | 4,002 |
Tottenham | 4,642 acres (18.8 km2) | 3,629 | 4,771 | 5,812 | 6,937 | 8,584 | 9,120 | 13,240 | 22,869 | 46,456 |
Total | 31,805 acres (128.7 km2) | 16,885 | 20,577 | 24,771 | 26,930 | 30,683 | 32,109 | 40,885 | 57,332 | 94,185 |
The hundreds of England declined in administrative use because of the rise of various ad-hoc boards and the gradual takeover of all types of jurisdiction by the King's courts, the courts of England and Wales. In the sixteenth century many of the powers of the manorial lords who would convene at the Hundred Court was stripped by placing their taxation powers and responsibilities in the board of each parish, the vestry. By 1894 whatever residual significance they had was replaced by a system of uniform local government districts, which were consolidated over time. Hundreds had been used in the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 to define many constituencies but not by the Reform Act 1867 which preferred the Poor Law Unions. As to Edmonton Hundred its constituent parts split in 1965 four ways: three parts contributed to London boroughs and one part already constituting Potters Bar Urban District moved to Hertfordshire as its senior local government body which in 1974 united into a wider non-metropolitan district ranking beneath Hertfordshire County Council named Hertsmere.
Ancient Parish | District | Today | Extent of contribution |
---|---|---|---|
Edmonton (included Southgate as a chapelry) | Edmonton Urban District Southgate Urban District | London Borough of Enfield | all |
Enfield | Enfield Urban District | ||
Monken Hadley | East Barnet Urban District | London Borough of Barnet | minor contrib. |
South Mimms (included Potters Bar as a chapelry) | South Mimms Rural District | Hertsmere District in Hertfordshire | minor contrib. |
Tottenham | Tottenham Urban District Wood Green Urban District | London Borough of Haringey | major contrib. |
Middlesex is a historic county in southeast England. Its area is almost entirely within the wider urbanised area of London and mostly within the ceremonial county of Greater London, with small sections in neighbouring ceremonial counties. Three rivers provide most of the county's boundaries; the Thames in the south, the Lea to the east and the Colne to the west. A line of hills forms the northern boundary with Hertfordshire.
Enfield is a large town in North London, England, 10.1 miles (16.3 km) north of Charing Cross. It had a population of 156,858 in 2018. It includes the areas of Botany Bay, Brimsdown, Bulls Cross, Bullsmoor, Bush Hill Park, Clay Hill, Crews Hill, Enfield Highway, Enfield Lock, Enfield Town, Enfield Wash, Forty Hill, Freezywater, Gordon Hill, Grange Park, Hadley Wood, Ponders End, and World's End.
Potters Bar is a town in Hertfordshire, England, 13 miles (21 km) north of central London. In 2011, it had a population of 21,882. In 2022 the population was around 23,325.
Chipping Barnet or High Barnet is a suburban market town in north London, forming part of the London Borough of Barnet, England. It is a suburban development built around a 12th-century settlement, and is located 10+1⁄2 miles (17 km) north-northwest of Charing Cross, 3 miles (4.8 km) east from Borehamwood, 5.2 miles (8.4 km) west from Enfield and 3.2 miles (5.1 km) south from Potters Bar. Its population, including its localities East Barnet, New Barnet, Hadley Wood, Monken Hadley, Cockfosters and Arkley, was 47,359 in 2011.
Hertsmere is a local government district and borough in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Borehamwood. Other settlements in the borough include Bushey, Elstree, Radlett and Potters Bar. The borough borders the three north London boroughs of Harrow, Barnet and Enfield, and is located mainly within the M25 Motorway.
The EN postcode area, also known as the Enfield postcode area, is a group of eleven postcode districts in England, within seven post towns. These cover parts of northern Greater London, southern Hertfordshire and western Essex.
Barnet was a local government district in south Hertfordshire from 1863 to 1965 around the town of Barnet.
East Barnet Valley was a local government district from 1863 to 1965 around the town of East Barnet. It was partly in the counties of Hertfordshire and Middlesex until 1889, when the Middlesex part was transferred to Hertfordshire. It was renamed East Barnet in 1935.
Potters Bar Urban District was a local government district in England from 1894 to 1974, covering the town of Potters Bar and the village of South Mimms. The district was initially called the South Mimms Rural District, being renamed in 1934.
Monken Hadley is a place in the London Borough of Barnet. An ancient country village north of Barnet, it is now a suburban development on the very edge of Greater London 11 miles (18 km) north north-west of Charing Cross, while retaining much of its rural character.
Wrotham Park is a neo-Palladian English country house in the parish of South Mimms, Hertfordshire. It lies south of the town of Potters Bar, 17 miles (27 km) from Hyde Park Corner in central London. The house was designed by Isaac Ware in 1754 for Admiral John Byng, the fourth son of Admiral George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, and remains in the family at the heart of a 2,500-acre (10 km2) estate. It is one of the largest private houses near London inside the M25 motorway. Its distinctive exterior has been used over 60 times as a filming location.
South Hertfordshire was a constituency in Hertfordshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was created for the February 1974 general election and abolished for the 1983 general election when it was mainly replaced by the new Hertsmere constituency.
Enfield was a constituency for the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1885 until 1950. The area sloping to the River Lea in the east was in the far north of Middlesex centred on the town of Enfield. The area formed part of the London conurbation and was much reduced over the course of its existence, in 1918 and then insignificantly in 1945 due to suburbanisation and urbanisation. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP).
St Ann's Church, South Tottenham, is an Evangelical Anglican church in the St Ann's neighbourhood in South Tottenham, London, UK, a part of the Church of England. The church currently holds one Sunday service at 10.30am.
The History of local government districts in Middlesex outside the metropolitan area began in 1835 with the formation of poor law unions. This was followed by the creation of various forms of local government body to administer the rapidly growing towns of the area. By 1934 until its abolition in 1965, the entire county was divided into urban districts or municipal boroughs.
St Ann's is a neighbourhood in Tottenham, north London, England, in the London Borough of Haringey. It is located to the east of Harringay and West Green and is within, but distinct from, St Ann's ward.
Frederick Charles Cass (1824-1896) was the rector of the parish of Monken Hadley in north London. His father, also Frederick Cass, owned the relevant advowson giving the right to make such appointments. He was the author of works of local history relating to South Mimms, Monken Hadley and East Barnet.
The Potters Bar Old Baptist Church, as it is now known, is a former church in Hertfordshire, England. It was designed by W. Allen Dixon in 1868. Dixon specialised in church architecture and Baptist churches in particular.
The Fox is a public house in Palmers Green, north London, on the corner of Green Lanes and Fox Lane. A Fox pub and hotel has stood on the site for over 300 years. In 2004, The Fox featured in the film of J.K. Rowling's novel Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. In 2015, The Fox was the first Asset of Community Value to be registered in the London Borough of Enfield.